Nitto Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.

Mitsubishi Rayon Company, Limited

Masahiro Ushigome

Takeshi Narita

Shoichi Kanda

Yasumasa Yamaguchi

Masaharu Nagahama

Hiroshi Murata

Takeshi Kato

Yutaka Kiyomiya

A process for preparing a water-in-oil emulsion of a water-soluble polymer is disclosed, comprising polymerizing at least one water-soluble vinyl monomer in a water-in-oil emulsion, wherein the dissolved oxygen concentration of the emulsion under polymerization is about 100 ppb or less. The desired emulsion can be obtained without being accompanied by the formation of agglomerates.

Process for preparing a water-in-oil emulsion

A process for producing an .alpha.-hydroxy acid or an .alpha.-hydroxyamide which comprises treating an aldehyde and prussic acid or an .alpha.-hydroxynitrile with a microorganism having nitrilase or nitrile hydratase activity in an aqueous medium and maintaining the aldehyde concentration and/or the .alpha.-hydroxynitrile concentration in the reaction mixture within a predetermined range. Also disclosed is a process for producing an .alpha.-hydroxy acid or an .alpha.-hydroxyamide from an aldehyde and prussic acid with a microorganism in an aqueous medium, which comprises maintaining the cyanogen concentration in the reaction mixture within a predetermined range and supplying the aldehyde to the reaction mixture at a predetermined ratio to the prussic acid.

Process for producing a-hydroxy acid or a-hydroxyamide by microorganism

A water-in-oil emulsion of a cationic polymer suitable for inversion, comprising a continuous phase comprising a hydrophobic liquid, a discontinuous phase comprising a water-soluble cationic polymer, and a surface active agent system for inventing the emulsion in water, the system comprising a mixture of at least one alkyl phosphate represented by formula (I) or (II) and at least one other surface active agent compatible with the at least one alkyl phosphate: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group having from 8 to 18 carbon atoms; X and Y, which may be the same or different, each represents a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal, an ammonium group, or an alkanolamino group; and n1 represents 0 or an integer of from 1 to 4; ##STR2## wherein R.sub.2 and R.sub.3, which may be the same or different, each represents a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group having from 8 to 18 carbon atoms; X represents a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal, an ammonium group, or an alkanolamino group; and n2 and n3 each represents 0 or an integer of from 1 to 4.

Water-in-oil emulsion of cationic polymer

A process for producing 2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile by ammoxidation comprising contacting a starting gas consisting of 2,6-dichlorotoluene, air and ammonia, which comprises carrying out this reaction under the following conditions:

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Kanagawa, Japan

Masahiro Ushigome