Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Corporation

Masahiro Kishida

Toshiyuki Yoshimizu

Toshiaki Fukuyama

Yoshihisa Ishimoto

Takeshi Seike

Masakazu Matoba

Yohsuke Fujikawa

Masahiro Nakano

A switching amplifier of the invention boasts of an enhanced SN ratio in its output and an increased amplitude limit value in its input signal. The switching amplifier has a quantized signal generating section that converts an input signal to generate a quantized signal in the form of a PDM or PWM signal and a constant-current-outputting current amplification section that current-amplifies the quantized signal outputted from the quantized signal generating section. The quantized signal generating section and the current amplification section are formed by the same process. Another switching amplifier of the invention is inexpensive and is not affected by voltage fluctuations in the supply voltage. The switching amplifier has a quantized signal generating section that converts an input signal to generate a quantized signal in the form of a PDM or PWM signal, a constant-current-outputting current amplification section that current-amplifies the quantized signal outputted from the quantized signal generating section, and a feedback section for feeding a signal based on the output signal from the current amplification section back to the quantized signal generating section.

Switching amplifier

A switching amplifier of the present invention includes a delta-sigma modulation circuit for processing an input signal by delta-sigma modulation to output a one-bit signal, a delay circuit for delaying the one-bit signal, and a pulse amplifier having a switching device that switches the switching device according to the signal outputted from the delay circuit to perform pulse amplification of the signal outputted from the delay section. The delay time of the delay circuit is variable. With this configuration, enhanced performance is obtained without changing the sampling frequency of the delta-sigma modulation circuit.

A digital switching amplifier is provided with attenuation sections that attenuate respective 1-bit signals that have been subjected to the power amplification. Also, an offset voltage addition and adjustment section adds adjustment voltages to output signals of the respective attenuation sections so that a D.C. voltage level difference between negative feedback signals which return to a delta sigma modulation circuit becomes substantially zero. This function ensures that the digital switching amplifier can avoid the gain with respect to positive and negative input signals change and easily avoid the noise that occurs in the lower frequency band due to an offset voltage.

Digital switching amplifier

The liquid crystal display apparatus of this invention includes a pair of substrates facing each other and a liquid crystal layer interposed between the pair of substrates. At least one of the pair of substrates having on a surface thereof: pixel electrodes arranged in rows and columns; a plurality of signal lines; and a plurality of nonlinear switching elements for connecting each of the plurality of signal lines to a corresponding column of pixel electrodes. Each switching element has a lower electrode, an insulating film formed on the lower electrode, and an upper electrode formed on the insulating electrode, the lower electrode being a branch of the corresponding signal line, wherein the lower electrode has a first portion with a width larger than a width of a second portion overlapping the insulating film and the upper electrode, the first portion being located farther from the corresponding signal line than the second portion.

Liquid crystal display with non-linear switching elements having

A producing method of a liquid crystal display comprising a first glass substrate having a plurality of pixel electrodes, signal lines, and MIM elements, and a second glass substrate having a plurality of opposing electrodes connected to scanning lines while opposing the pixel electrodes individually. The output terminal unit of a first driver IC is connected to the input terminal unit of the signal lines and the output terminal unit of a second driver IC is connected to the input terminal unit of the scanning lines. The electric short-circuit units made throughout the scanning lines and the signal lines are disconnected by irradiation of a laser beam. Making the short-circuit units throughout the signal lines and throughout the scanning lines makes it possible to disperse the static electricity generated during the fabrication within the liquid crystal display. As a result, high-quality liquid crystal displays are produced at enhanced yield.

Method of effectively dispersing static electricity in LCD production by

When an anodized film is to be formed, one formation-voltage input point is used. An interconnecting ring for anodization is provided between the input point and a pattern to be anodized. The interconnecting ring is in contact with and encloses the pattern. Another interconnecting ring to which the formation-voltage input point is connected is provided around the interconnecting ring. In addition, two junction points are provided at vertically symmetric positions with respect to the pattern. The junction points are connected to the interconnecting ring. The junction points are connected to upper connection terminals and lower connection terminals of the pattern by respective thin-line groups including a plurality of thin lines. The formation voltages at respective input points at the upper connection terminals and the lower connection terminals of the pattern are made equal to each other.

Method for fabricating a switching device by anodization

A two-terminal nonlinear device according to the present invention includes a lower electrode of a thin Ta film doped with nitrogen which is formed on a substrate, an anodized oxide film formed by anodizing a surface of the lower electrode, and an upper electrode of a metal thin film which is formed on the anodized oxide film, wherein the thin Ta film includes a structure in which first portions and second portions are alternately deposited, the first portions containing a different amount of nitrogen from that contained in the second portions.

Method of making two-terminal nonlinear device and liquid crystal

An LCD device includes a first substrate including a plurality of pixel electrodes arranged in a matrix, a plurality of signal wires formed of metal for supplying the plurality of pixel electrodes with an electric charge, and a plurality of two-terminal nonlinear devices for switching connection between the pixel electrodes and the signal wires into one of a conductive state and a non-conductive state; a second substrate located opposite to the first substrate and including a plurality of scanning electrodes arranged parallel to each other and crossing the signal wires; and a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the first and the second substrates. Each two-terminal nonlinear device includes a lower electrode which is a part of the corresponding signal wire; a first insulator layer located on the lower electrode provided as a result of anodic oxidation of a part of the lower electrode and having a thickness of no greater than 1,000 angstroms; a second insulator layer covering the first insulator layer and having at least one opening, the second insulator layer being formed of a different material from the first insulator layer; and an upper electrode located on the second insulator layer and connected to the first insulator layer through the opening. Each signal wire has a top surface and a pair of side surfaces interposing the top surface. The upper electrode has an end extending diagonally with respect to the direction in which the corresponding signal wire extends on at least one of the side surfaces of the corresponding signal wire.

Liquid crystal display device

An active matrix substrate according to the present invention comprises an insulating substrate; a pixel electrode formed on the insulating substrate; a signal line for supplying a signal charge to the pixel electrode; a two-terminal nonlinear device including a lower electrode formed on the insulating substrate, an insulator covering the lower electrode, and an upper electrode formed on the insulator, the device changing a current which flows through the insulator in accordance with a voltage applied to the lower electrode and the upper electrode; and an island portion for connecting the upper electrode to the pixel electrode, the island portion making ohmic contact with each of the upper electrode and the pixel electrode.

Active matrix substrate having island electrodes for making ohmic

The invention increases the aperture ratio of a reflective type liquid crystal display device and raises the display quality. First conductor layers are formed in a band on a surface of a substrate, and insulator layers are formed on the surface thereof. Second conductor layers are formed on the insulator layers. The first conductor layers, insulator layers, and second conductor layers are so-called MIM elements and the first conductor layers are also signal wirings. The second conductor layers are also reflectors and pixel electrodes. Such substrate is disposed on substrate on which band-shaped counter electrodes are formed through a liquid crystal layer containing dichroic pigment or a high molecular resin layer dispersing liquid crystal.

Growing community of inventors

Nabari, Japan

Masahiro Kishida