Amazon Technologies, Inc.

Martin Görner

Edward James Gayles

Thomas A Ryan

Laurent An Minh Nguyen

Sean J Findley

Palanidaran Chidambaram

Steven K Weiss

Rangasamy Surendran

Conversion of text-based images to vector graphics (VG) is disclosed. The text-based images may include images of equations, custom typefaces, or other types of text that may not be included in a font selection of an optical character recognition (OCR) device or an application stored on a viewing device. A textual image may be converted from a raster graphics (RG) image to a VG image, which may enable resizing and alignment of the VG image with body text. In some aspects, the server may determine a body size of a reference character in the VG image. The server may determine a baseline of the VG image that may be used to align the image with the body text.

Image conversion of text-based images

A method for providing table-of-contents extensions for items displayed on an electronic device may include displaying contents of the item other than a table of contents for the item. The method may also include receiving user selection of a navigation option while the contents of the item are being displayed. The navigation option may correspond to a part of the item that is listed in the table of contents for the item. The method may also include navigating to the part of the item corresponding to the navigation option in response to the user's selection of the navigation option.

Table of contents menu over electronic book content on an electronic paper display

A digital media item, such as an electronic book (eBook), may include testing content. The testing content may include questions about the content of the digital media item. When is user is viewing the digital media item on an electronic device, such as an eBook reader, the user may be allowed to select whether the testing content is displayed. The user may also be allowed to select a particular mode of testing, such as automatic testing, selective testing, etc. If the user chooses to display the testing content, the user may also be allowed to provide answers to the testing questions.

Testing within digital media items

Electronic content may be formatted using tag format stacks that store format information up to a predetermined location in the electronic content. The electronic content may be formatted for display using data in the format tag stack and without parsing the entire electronic content. In some aspects, an encoder may receive content that includes a predetermined format and body text. The encoder may parse the content via a sequential process to identify active format tags at certain locations within the content. Next, the encoder may store the active format tags as a format tag stack in the content. In further aspects, a decoder may select a portion of the content for display. The format tag stack may be updated by parsing the portion of the content that is not included in the format tag stack. The content may be formatted based on instructions of the updated format tag stack.

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Meudon, France

Martin Görner