Basf Aktiengesellschaft

Martin Decker

Herbert Toussaint

Wolfgang Franzischka

Franz Neumayr

Leopold Hupfer

Rolf Hartmuth Fischer

Norbert Goetz

Rudolf Kummer

Toni Dockner

Bernd Zeeh

Herwig Hoffmann

Heinz-Walter Schneider

Heinz Engelbach

Uwe Vagt

Roland Krokoszinski

Manfred Sauerwald

Willibald Schoenleben

Harro Wache

Karl Merkel

Heinrich Scholz

Joachim Datow

Rudolf Irnich, Deceased

Hewig Hoffmann

Acyl chlorides are prepared by reacting a carboxylic acid or its anhydride with carbonyl chloride in the presence of a carboxamide of the formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is a radical of the formula ##STR2## R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are each alkyl of 1 to 9 carbon atoms, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are each hydrogen or alkyl of 1 to 9 carbon atoms and the two radicals R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 may furthermore be a hydrocarbon radical which completes the moiety ##STR3## to form a heterocyclic structure, and the stated alkyl and hydrocarbon radicals may furthermore contain substituents which are inert under the reaction conditions.

Preparation of acyl chlorides

The invention relates to a process for the preparation of cyclopentanone from adipic acid wherein adipic acid vapor in an inert gas at a temperature of from 250.degree. C. to 450.degree. C., possibly accompanied by water vapor, is passed over an oxygenous acidic or basic catalyst.

Preparation of cyclopentanone

Aromatic nitriles, in particular phthalodinitriles, are prepared from an appropriately alkyl-substituted aromatic hydrocarbon by catalytic oxidation with oxygen or an oxygen-containing gas in the presence of ammonia at elevated temperatures in the vapor phase, in the presence of a catalyst which contains from 2 to 10% by weight of vanadium(V) oxide, from 1 to 10% by weight of antimony(III) oxide, from 0.02 to 2% by weight of an alkali metal oxide and alumina, by a process in which from 0.01 to 1.0% by weight of an alkaline earth metal, or of a compound of an alkaline earth metal, in particular barium or a barium compound, is added to the catalyst.

Preparation of aromatic nitriles

Chlorocarboxylic acid chlorides of the formula ##STR1## where R is H or alkyl and n is an integer from 2 to 4, are prepared by reacting a lactone of the formula ##STR2## with phosgene at elevated temperatures and in the presence of a quaternary ammonium salt.

Preparation of chlorocarboxylic acid chlorides

Cyclic ketones of the formula ##STR1## where n is an integer from 4 to 6, are prepared by converting an aliphatic dicarboxylate of the formula

Preparation of cyclic ketones

The manufacture of .beta.-chlorocarboxylic acid chlorides by reacting .alpha..beta.-olefinically unsaturated carboxylic acids with phosgene is advantageously carried out by first at least partially reacting the unsaturated carboxylic acid with hydrogen chloride and then carrying out the reaction with phosgene.

Manufacture of .beta.-chlorocarboxylic acid chlorides

N-Alkylanilines are obtained by alkylating anilines with alcohols in the absence of hydrogen under a pressure substantially higher than the autogenous pressure of the reaction mixture, at from 50.degree. to 250.degree. C., preferably in the presence of a fixed catalyst containing cobalt, nickel and copper.

Manufacture of N-alkylanilines

Production of N-alkylated cyclic alkylenimines by reaction of cyclic alkylenimines with an alcohol or ether in the gas phase in the presence of a high-area SiO.sub.2 /P.sub.2 O.sub.5 catalyst.

Production of N-alkyl derivatives of cyclic alkylenimines

A new process for the manufacture of N-substituted tetrahydro-1,4-oxazines, also called morpholines, by conversion of N-substituted bis-(2-hydroxyalkyl)-amines in the presence of catalysts.

Manufacture of N-substituted tetrahydro-1,4-oxazines

Process for the removal of phosgene from an off-gas in which it is present in small quantities, by washing with an aqueous solution of alkali and ammonia.

Removal of phosgene from off-gases

Compounds of the general formula ##EQU1## which may be used in place of malondialdehyde in synthesis reactions are obtained in a one-step reaction form dimethylformamide, phosgene and an alkyl vinyl ether.

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Ludwigshafen, Germany

Martin Decker