Basf Aktiengesellschaft

Basf Aktiengsellschaft

Martin Brudermueller

Franz Merger

Wolfgang Harder

Tom Witzel

Andreas Deckers

Gerhard Nestler

Claus-Ulrich Priester

Norbert Guentherberg

Siegmund Besecke

Karl-Heinz Wassmer

Rolf Henn

Klaus Ebel

Rudolf Kummer

Guido Voit

Siegfried Winderl

Juergen Hartig

Martin Schmidt-Radde

Dieter Franz

Expandable styrene polymers of high heat resistance

A process for the preparation of aminopropionitriles of the general formula I ##STR1## in which R denotes hydrogen or methyl, wherein ammonia is caused to react with an acrylonitrile of the general formula II ##STR2## In which the substituent has the aforementioned meanings, in a molar ratio of from 1:1 to 500:1 over a heterogenic catalyst at temperatures ranging from 40.degree. to 180.degree. C. and pressures ranging from 10 to 350 bar.

Preparation of aminopropionitriles

1,1'-bis(3-aminopropyl)-2,2'-diimidazole of the formula I ##STR1## is prepared by a novel process in which 2,2'-diimidazole of the formula II ##STR2## is reacted with acrylonitrile of the formula III ##STR3## in the presence of basic catalysts at from 80.degree. to 150.degree. C., and hydrogenation is carried out with excess hydrogen in the presence of ammonia on catalysts which contain cobalt, nickel, ruthenium and/or noble metals at from 40.degree. to 200.degree. C. under from 10 to 200 bar.

1,1'-bis(3-aminopropyl)-2,2'-diimidazole

4-Acetoxystyrene of the formula I ##STR1## is prepared by a process in which a 1-(4-acetoxyphenyl)ethyl carboxylate of the formula II ##STR2## where R is C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 -alkyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 -cycloalkyl, aryl or C.sub.7 -C.sub.10 -aralkyl, is converted in the presence of an acidic catalyst and of a polymerization inhibitor in an inert heat transfer medium at from 160.degree. to 250.degree. C. and from 0.1 to 300 mbar.

Preparation of 4-acetoxystyrene

3-Aminopropionitriles of the general formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1,R.sup.2,R.sup.3,R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 independently of one another are each hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -aminoalkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -cyanoalkyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.20 -cycloalkyl, C.sub.7 -C.sub.20 -aralkyl or aryl, are prepared by a process in which an amine of the general formula II ##STR2## is reacted with an acrylonitrile of the general formula III ##STR3## where the substituents have the abovementioned meanings, in a molar ratio of from 0.9:1 to 100:1 over a heterogeneous catalyst at from 40.degree. to 200.degree. C. and from 1 to 350 bar.

Preparation of 3-aminopropionitriles

A process for the preparation of a .omega.-(O-substituted urethano)alkylcarboxylate, wherein a lactam having from 4 to 9 ring members, which can have alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, or aralkyl groups containing up to 12 carbon atoms as substituents, is reacted with a carbonic diester of an alkanol, alkenol, cycloalkanol, or aralkanol containing up to 16 carbon atoms, at a temperature of from 25.degree. to 300.degree. C. in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of a base.

Preparation of (107 -substituted urethano alkylcarboxylates)

A process for preparing mixtures of 3-aminopropionitrile of the formula I

Preparation of mixtures of 3-aminopropionitrile and ethylene cyanohydrin

The invention provides a process for the preparation of a 4-halobenzyl alcohol of the formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 - to C.sub.20 -alkyl, C.sub.2 - to C.sub.20 -alkoxyalkyl, C.sub.3 - to C.sub.20 -cycloalkyl, or C.sub.4 - to C.sub.30 -cycloalkylalkyl,

Preparation of 4-halobenzyl alcohols

Abstract of the Disclosure: Aminopropionitriles of the general formula I ##STR1## where R is hydrogen or methyl, wherein ammonia is reacted with an acrylonitrile of the general formula II ##STR2## where the substituents have the abovementioned meanings, in a molar ratio of from 1:1 to 500:1 over a heterogeneous catalyst at from 40.degree. to 180.degree. C. and from 10 to 350 bar.

2-Methylenepropane-1,3-diol dicarboxylates are prepared by reacting pentaerythritol tetracarboxylates on solid catalysts at elevated temperatures.

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Mannheim, Germany

Martin Brudermueller