City University of New York

Soterix Medical, Inc.

Marom Bikson

Abhishek Datta

Lucas Cristobal Parra

Preet Minhas

Niranjan Khadka

Varun Bansal

Shiraz Azar Macuff

Christoph Hahn

Dan Steingart

Jinal Patel

Yuzhuo Su

Jacek Dmochowski

Maged Elwassif

Fortunato Battaglia

Justin Keith Rice

Asif Rahman

Xiang Zhou

Jorge Vega

Johnson Ho

Denis Arce

Tamer N Naguib

Gregory Kronberg

Lucas C Parra

Lucas Parra

An apparatus for delivering therapeutic electrostimulation across a tissue surface includes a current source, a low current component adapted to contact the tissue surface, a first electrode assembly electrically connected to the current source and supported by the low current component, a second electrode assembly electrically connected to the current source and supported by the low current component and a conductive fluid supported by the low current component for facilitating a flow of electric current across the tissue surface. At least one of the first and second electrodes assemblies includes at least one of a magnetic electrode, a high current component and a non-current component.

Electrode assemblies for delivering therapeutic electrostimulation

An electrode assembly includes a substantially porous element configured to be coupled to an electrode for delivery of electrical current to a patient in a neurostimulation procedure. The substantially porous material defining a contact surface, of which at least a portion contacts the patient during the neurostimulation procedure. A first insulating member is coupled to the substantially porous element and exposed at the contact surface to prevent a portion of the contact surface from contacting the patient to deliver the electrical current during the neurostimulation procedure.

Electrode assembly

An electrode assembly for neuro-cranial stimulation includes an electrode, a conductive gel, and an adapter including an interior compartment for positioning the electrode relative to the adapter and for receiving and retaining the conductive gel. The conductive gel contacts the electrode along an electrode-gel interface. An orifice at one end of the interior compartment and adjacent to a positioning surface of the adapter for positioning the electrode assembly against a skin surface of a user enables the conductive gel is able to contact the skin surface of the user to define a gel-skin interface, such that a minimum distance between the electrode-gel interface and the gel-skin interface is maintained between 0.25 cm and 1.3 cm. An electrode assembly mounting apparatus is provided for adjustably positioning a plurality of electrode assemblies against target positions on the cranium.

Methods for reducing discomfort during electrostimulation, and compositions and apparatus therefor

In some embodiments of the present disclosure, systems and methods for effecting a physiological effect are provided. In some embodiments, a system is provided which comprises a plurality of current sources, where each current source having a positive output and a negative output and each being configured to provide a first current. The system may also include a plurality of stimulating electrodes electrically connected with the plurality of current sources such that at least a pair of the stimulating electrodes share at least one output of at least one of the plurality of current sources. The stimulating electrodes may be configured to provide electrical energy to tissue of a patient at the first current. The system may further include at least one sentinel electrode, and a first voltage monitor configured to monitor a first voltage across the at least one sentinel electrode and at least one of the plurality of stimulating electrodes.

System and method for conducting multi-electrode electrical stimulation

A method includes coupling electrodes to a patient's head and identifying whether any of the electrodes form a functional set, such that a desired therapeutic effect is achieved when the two or more electrodes deliver a total amount of current to the patient regardless of what portion of the total amount of current each respective electrode carries. One or more constant current sources are provided, each having a supply and return terminal, which supply and return equal amounts of current at any given time. The constant current source(s) are coupled to the electrodes in such a manner that each supply terminal and each return terminal is coupled to no more than the electrodes of a single one of the functional sets, if any, or to a single one of the electrodes not included in one of the functional sets.

Transcranial stimulation

Methods and systems for delivering voltage limited neurostimulation to a patient. In one aspect, a method includes initiating a flow of electrical current through a first electrode and a second electrode coupled to the patient and increasing the flow of electrical current toward a target value by increasing a voltage across the first electrode and second electrode. Prior to reaching the target value of electrical current, the method includes preventing the voltage across the first electrode and second electrode from increasing beyond a first predetermined limit; and subsequently, maintaining the voltage across the first electrode and second electrode at or within a predetermined range that does not exceed the first predetermined limit. The amplitude of the electrical current continues to increase toward the target value during at least part of a time when the voltage across the first electrode and the second electrode is maintained within the predetermined range.

Voltage limited neurostimulation

There is provided method and apparatus for enhancing focality of neurocranial electrostimulation, including: providing a first plurality of electrodes having at least one electrode; providing a second plurality of electrodes having at least two electrodes; locating the first and the second plurality of electrodes on cranium of a subject and supplying electric current of opposite polarities to the first and the second plurality of electrodes. At least one electrode of the first plurality of electrodes is surrounded by at least two electrodes of the second plurality of electrodes. The enhanced focal stimulation may be used to treat ailments or augment cognitive performance. There are also provided methods for treating brain related ailments and performance augmentation.

Apparatus and method for neurocranial electrostimulation

Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on a computer storage medium, for developing transcranial electrical stimulation protocols are disclosed. In one aspect, a method includes forming a first array of electrodes and optimizing a plurality of electrode parameters within the first array of electrodes to achieve a desired physiological response; identifying one or more electrodes within the optimized first array that have relatively low current compared to the remaining electrodes in the first array; removing the identified low current electrodes from the first array to form a second array of electrodes, wherein the number of electrodes in the second array is less than the number of electrodes in the first array and optimizing a plurality of electrode parameters with the second array of electrodes to achieve a desired physiological response.

Neurocranial electrostimulation models, systems, devices, and methods

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Brooklyn, NY, United States of America

Marom Bikson