Gm Global Technolgoy Operations, Inc.

Hrl Laboratories, LLC

Mark William Verbrugge

Xingcheng Xiao

Anil Kumar Sachdev

Brian James Koch

Hamid Ghavami Kia

Xiaosong Huang

Haijing Liu

Mei Cai

Ping Liu

John S Wang

Edward Dean Tate, Jr

Xiaochao Que

Li Yang

Gregory P Meisner

Shuoqin Wang

Meiyuan Wu

Robert S Conell

Wei Ping Li

Gayatri Vyas Dadheech

James Gregory Schroth

Damon R Frisch

Xiaohong Gayden

Yen-Lung Chen

Raghunathan K

Ion C Halalay

Fang Dai

Charles W Wampler, Ii

Qiangfeng Xiao

Bob Ross Powell

Jan F Herbst

Jihui Yang

Jing Gao

Zhe Li

Tao Xie

William R Rodgers

Yong Qing Lu

Zhiqiang Yu

Elena M Sherman

Dewen Kong

James R Salvador

Andrew Clay Bobel

Qili Su

Alok Warey

Sherman H Zeng

Alan L Browne

Timothy J Fuller

Michael P Balogh

Michael D Hanna

Mark T Riefe

Hongliang Wang

Robert D Schmidt

Ingrid A Rousseau

Yang T Cheng

Scott Willis Jorgensen

Lei Wang

Michael Kevin Carpenter

Patricia M Laskowsky

Michael J Lukitsch

Brent D Lowe

Nancy L Johnson

Patrick B Usoro

Nilesh D Mankame

Mahmoud H Abd Elhamid

Paul M Najt

Lyall Kenneth Winger

Gongshin Qi

David Kay Lambert

Mutasim Abdurrahman Salman

Thomas Arthur Perry

Anthony L Smith

John C Ulicny

Richard Murray Kleber

Anthony M Coppola

Dave G Rich

George R Woody

Gregory A Major

Si Ruo Chen

Jason A Graetz

Zhongyi Liu

Leonid Charles Lev

Stephen W Raiser

Yunfeng Lu

Richard Harry Hammar

Russell P Durrett

Jan Henning Aase

John E Carsley

Chaitanya Sankavaram

Patrick Frost

Meinan He

John Robert Bradley

Xidong Tang

Lijun Zou

Guangling Song

Shuru Chen

Karthik Ramanathan

Meng Jiang

Jian Lin

Adam T Timmons

Peter M Parlow

John D Fickes

A system for assessing a characteristic of a reference electrode assembly for an electrochemical cell that cycle lithium ions includes a controller and a test cell assembly. The test cell assembly includes a metal case electrically coupled to the controller and a test cell disposed within the metal case. The test cell includes a lithium metal layer and a separator assembly. The separator assembly includes a separator layer, a current collector layer deposited on the separator layer, and optionally an electroactive layer deposited on the separator layer such that the electroactive layer at least partially overlaps the current collector layer. The current collector layer is in direct physical contact with an electroactive layer and is electrically isolated from the lithium metal layer by the separator layer.

Systems and methods for assessing reference electrode assemblies for electrochemical cells

A system for detecting a lithium dendrite in a battery cell is provided. The system includes the battery cell including an anode and a cathode. The battery cell further includes a conductive prewarning layer disposed between the anode and the cathode and constructed with a porous material. The battery cell further includes a separator layer disposed between the conductive prewarning layer and the cathode, wherein the separator layer is configured for allowing ions to pass through the separator layer. The system further includes a sensor electrically connected to the anode and the conductive prewarning layer and monitoring data related to a voltage potential between the anode and the conductive prewarning layer. The data is useful to identify a decrease in the voltage potential between the anode and the conductive prewarning layer and diagnose existence of the lithium dendrite.

System and method for detecting a lithium dendrite in a battery cell

Presented are electrochemical devices with in-stack reference electrodes, methods for making/using such devices, and battery cells with stacked electrodes segregated by electrode separator assemblies including thermal barriers and built-in reference electrodes. An electrochemical device, such as a lithium-class secondary battery cell, includes an insulated and sealed housing with an ion-conducting electrolyte located inside the housing. A stack of working electrodes is also located inside the device housing, in electrochemical contact with the electrolyte. At least one electrode separator assembly is located inside the device housing, interposed between a neighboring pair of (anode and cathode) working electrodes. The electrode separator assembly includes a separator layer fabricated with an electrically insulating material that is sufficiently porous to transmit therethrough the ions of the electrolyte. An electrically conductive current collector (CC) layer, a thermally insulating thermal barrier (TB) layer, and an active electrode reference electrode (RE) layer are attached to the separator layer.

Multifunctional electrode separator assemblies with built-in reference electrodes and thermal enhancements

A monitoring assembly for an electrochemical cell of a secondary lithium battery includes a porous sensory structure and a transducer. The porous sensory structure includes a sensory layer disposed on a major surface of a porous separator and a buffer layer disposed between the sensory layer and a facing surface of a negative electrode layer. The buffer layer electrically isolates the sensory layer from the facing surface of the negative electrode layer. The sensory layer includes an electrically conductive material and is configured to produce a response to an input signal or to a physical stimulus received within the electrochemical cell. The transducer is configured to process the response produced by the sensory layer to generate an output signal indicative of a diagnostic condition within the electrochemical cell.

Electrochemical cell monitoring assembly

A vehicle includes an electric motor and a battery operable to provide electrical power to the electric motor. The battery system includes a first battery pack and a second battery pack. The first battery pack has a relatively high power density, and the second battery pack has a relatively high energy density. An electronic controller determines a remaining driving range of the first battery pack, and a remaining driving range of the second battery pack. The vehicle has a human-machine interface (HMI) operatively connected to the electronic controller and configured to indicate the remaining driving range of the first battery pack and the remaining driving range of the second battery pack. The controller executes a method of monitoring the battery system.

Vehicle with hybrid battery pack and human-machine interface and method of monitoring

The present disclosure relates to a negative electrode material and methods of preparation and use relating thereto. The electrode material comprises a plurality of electroactive material particles, where each electroactive material particle includes an electroactive material core and an electronically conductive coating. The method includes contacting an electroactive material precursor including a plurality of electroactive material particles with a solution so as to form an electronically conductive coating on each of the electroactive material particles. The solution includes a solvent and one or more of copper fluoride (CuF), titanium tetrafluoride (TiFor TiF), iron fluoride (FeF), nickel fluoride (NiF), manganese fluoride (MnF, MnF, or MnF), and vanadium fluoride (VF, VF, VF). The electronically conductive coating includes a plurality of first regions and a plurality of second regions. The plurality of first regions include lithium fluoride. The plurality of second regions include one of copper, titanium, iron, nickel, manganese, and vanadium.

Electroactive particles having electronically conductive coatings

A reference electrode assembly for an electrochemical cell of a secondary lithium ion battery and methods of manufacturing the same. The reference electrode assembly includes a porous membrane having a major surface and a porous reference structure deposited on the major surface of the porous membrane. The porous reference structure includes a porous carbon layer and a porous reference electrode layer that at least partially overlaps the porous carbon layer on the major surface of the porous membrane.

Reference electrode assembly and method of manufacturing the same

A method of manufacturing an electrode for an electrochemical cell includes providing an admixture including an electroactive material, a binder, and a solvent. The method further includes rolling the admixture to form a sheet and forming a multi-layer stack from the sheet. The method further includes forming an electrode film precursor by performing a plurality of sequential rollings, each including rolling the stack through a first gap. The plurality of sequential rollings includes first and second rollings. In the first rolling, the stack is in a first orientation. In the second rolling, the stack is in a second orientation different from the first orientation. The method further includes forming an electrode film by rolling the electrode film precursor through a second gap less than or equal to the first gap. The method further includes drying the electrode film to remove at least a portion of the solvent.

Fabrication process to make electrodes by rolling

A method of making an electrode material for an electrode in an electrochemical cell that cycles lithium ions is provided, where a protective coating is applied to an electrode precursor material. The electrode precursor may be a silicon-containing composition. The protective coating is selected from the group consisting of: an oxide-based coating, a fluoride-based coating, and a nitride-based coating. The method also includes lithiating the electrode precursor material in a continuous process. The continuous process is conducted in a reactor having a first reaction chamber and a second reaction chamber to form a lithiated electrode material comprising the protective coating.

Manufacturing process of making negative electrodes for batteries

Methods of making negative electrode materials for an electrochemical cell that cycles lithium ions are provided. A surface of the electrode material formed of silicon, silicon-containing alloys, tin-containing alloys, or combinations thereof is treated with an oxidant at a first temperature of greater than or equal to about 100&#xb0; C. to form a continuous intermediate layer comprising oxides. The method also includes pyrolyzing a carbon-containing precursor over the continuous intermediate layer at a second temperature of greater than or equal to about 600&#xb0; C. to form a continuous carbon coating thereon. The intermediate layer oxides may be transformed to carbides. The continuous carbon coating comprises both graphitic carbon and amorphous carbon and may be a multilayered coating, where the inner layer predominantly includes amorphous carbon and the outer layer predominantly includes graphitic carbon.

Methods for controlling formation of multilayer carbon coatings on silicon-containing electroactive materials for lithium-ion batteries

An electrochemical device according to various aspects of the present disclosure includes an electrochemical cell and an inductor coil. The electrochemical cell includes a current collector. The current collector includes an electrically-conductive material. The inductor coil is configured to generate a magnetic field. The magnetic field is configured to induce an eddy current in the current collector to generate heat in the current collector. In various aspects, the present disclosure also provides a method of internally heating an electrochemical cell. In various aspects, the present disclosure also provides a method of controlling heating of an electrochemical cell.

Electrochemical devices including internal eddy current heating

An anode-free solid-state battery includes a cathode layer having transient anode elements and a bare current collector devoid of non-transitory anode material and configured to accept thereon the transient anode elements. The battery also includes a solid-state electrolyte layer defining voids and arranged between the current collector and the cathode layer. The battery additionally includes a gel situated within the solid-state electrolyte and cathode layers, to permeate the electrolyte voids and form a gelled solid-state electrolyte layer, coat the cathode layer, and facilitate ionic conduction of the anode elements between the cathode layer, the solid-state electrolyte layer, and the current collector. Charging the battery diffuses the anode elements from the cathode layer, via the gelled solid-state electrolyte layer, onto the current collector. Discharging the battery returns the anode elements, via the gelled solid-state electrolyte layer, to the cathode layer. A particular method is used to fabricate the anode-free solid-state battery.

Anode-free solid-state battery and method of battery fabrication

A capacitor-assisted electrode for an electrochemical cell that cycles lithium ions is provided. The capacitor-assisted electrode may include at least two electroactive materials disposed on one or more surfaces of a current collector. A first electroactive material of the at least two electroactive materials may have a first reversible specific capacity and forms a first electroactive material having a first press density. A second electroactive material of the at least two electroactive materials has a second reversible specific capacity and forms a second electroactive material having a second press density. The second reversible specific capacity may be different from the first reversible specific capacity. The second press density may be different from the first press density. One or more capacitor materials may be disposed on or intermingled with one or more of the at least two electroactive materials.

Electrode including capacitor material disposed on or intermingled with electroactive material and electrochemical cell including the same

Lithiated electrodes, electrochemical cells including lithiated electrodes, and methods of making the same are provided. The method includes lithiating at least one electrode in an electrochemical cell by applying current across a first current collector of the at least one electrode to a second current collector of an auxiliary electrode. The electrochemical cell may be disposed within a battery packaging and the auxiliary electrode may be disposed within the battery packaging adjacent to an edge of the electrochemical cell. The at least one electrode may include a first electroactive layer disposed on or near one or more surfaces of the first current collector, and the auxiliary electrode may include a second electroactive layer disposed at or near one or more surfaces of the second current collector. The method may further include extracting the auxiliary electrode from the battery packaging and sealing the battery packaging, which includes the pre-lithiated electrochemical cell.

Methods for pre-lithiating lithium ion batteries

The present disclosure provides an electrolyte system for an electrochemical cell that cycles lithium ions. The electrolyte system may include an aliphatic fluorinated disulfonimide lithium salt in a mixture of organic solvents. The mixture of organic solvents may include a first solvent and a second solvent. The first solvent may include an ether solvent, a carbonate solvent, or a mixture of ether and carbonate solvents. The second solvent may include a fluorinated ether. A molar ratio of the aliphatic fluorinated disulfonimide lithium salt to the first solvent may be greater than or equal to about 1:1.2 to less than or equal to about 1:2. A molar ratio of the first solvent to the second solvent may be greater than or equal to about 1:1 to less than or equal to about 1:4.

Electrolytes for electrochemical cells

Growing community of inventors

Troy, MI, United States of America

Mark William Verbrugge