Element Six Technologies Limited

Other

University of Warwick

University of Utah Research Foundation

Element Six Gmbh

Mark Edward Newton

Patrick Robert Unwin

Julie Victoria MacPherson

Geoffrey Alan Scarsbrook

Timothy Peter Mollart

Andrew John Whitehead

Brian William James

Laura Anne Hutton

Julie Victoria Macpherson

William Joseph Yost, Iii

Matthew Lee Markham

Joseph Michael Dodson

Henry S White

Joshua James Tully

Julie Macpherson

Nicola Louise Palmer

Eleni Bitziou

Zoe Joanna Ayres

Samuel James Cobb

A method for forming a diamond product. Diamond material is provided and a damage layer comprising spbonded carbon is formed in the material. The presence of the damage layer defines a first diamond layer above and in contact with the damage layer and a second diamond layer below and in contact with the damage layer. The damage layer is electrochemically etched to separate it from the first layer, wherein the electrochemical etching is performed in a solution containing ions, the solution having an electrical conductivity of at least 500 μS cm, and wherein the ions are capable of forming radicals during electrolysis. The diamond product is also described.

Method for forming diamond product

A fire insulation precursor material formed of cement, in an amount of between 10-30% w/w; and an aluminium or magnesium hydroxide, huntite or hydromagnesite in an amount of between 60-90% w/w/. A fire insulation material is provided including the previously mentioned precursor material. Further described are methods of forming a fire insulation material and applications for such material in sheaths, duct coatings, cable trays and other elongate components.

Fire insulation material

An electrochemical sensor comprising a boron doped diamond electrode formed of boron doped diamond material, an array of non-diamond carbon sites disposed on a sensing surface of the boron doped diamond electrode, electrochemically active non-diamond carbon surface groups bonded to the non-diamond carbon sites for generating a first redox peak at a first potential associated with dissolved oxygen and a second redox peak at a second potential which changes with pH, the first and second redox peaks being separated such that they do not overlap, an electrical controller configured to scan the boron doped diamond electrode over a potential range to generate at least said first redox peak, and a processor configured to give an electrochemical reading based on one or both of a position and an intensity of said first redox peak.

Diamond based electrochemical sensors

A fire insulation precursor material formed of cement, in an amount of between 10-30% w/w; and an aluminium or magnesium hydroxide, huntite or hydromagnesite in an amount of between 60-90% w/w. A fire insulation material is provided including the previously mentioned precursor material. Further described are methods of forming a fire insulation material and applications for such material in sheaths, duct coatings, cable trays and other elongate components.

A boron doped synthetic diamond material which has the following characteristics: a solvent window meeting one or both of the following criteria as measured by sweeping a potential of the boron doped synthetic diamond material with respect to a saturated calomel reference electrode in a solution containing only deionized water and 0.1M KNOas a supporting electrolyte at pH 6: the solvent window extends over a potential range of at least 4.1 V wherein end points of the potential range for the solvent window are defined when anodic and cathodic current density measured at the boron doped synthetic diamond material reaches 38 mA cm; and the solvent window extends over a potential range of at least 3.3 V wherein end points of the potential range for the solvent window are defined when anodic and cathodic current density measured at the boron doped synthetic diamond material reaches 0.4 mA cm; a peak-to-peak separation &#x394;Ep (for a macroelectrode) or a quartile potential &#x394;E(for a microelectrode) of no more than 70 mV as measured by sweeping a potential of the boron doped synthetic diamond material at a rate of 100 mV swith respect to a saturated calomel reference electrode in a solution containing only deionized water, 0.1M KNO3 supporting electrolyte, and 1 mM of FcTMAor Ru(NH)6at pH 6; and a capacitance of no more than 10 &#x3bc;F cmas measured by sweeping a potential of the boron doped synthetic diamond material with respect to a saturated calomel reference electrode between 70 mV and &#x2212;70 mV in a solution containing only deionized water and 0.1M KNOsupporting electrolyte at pH 6, measuring resultant current, subtracting a current value at 0 V when sweeping towards negative potentials from a current value at 0 V when sweeping towards positive potentials, dividing the subtracted current value by 2, and then dividing the result by an area (cm) of the boron doped synthetic diamond material and by a rate at which the potential is swept (Vs) to give a value for capacitance in F cm.

Synthetic diamond materials for electrochemical sensing applications

A method of analyzing chemical species in a solution, the method comprising: providing an electrochemical deposition apparatus comprising a first electrode () formed of an electrically conductive diamond material and a second electrode (); locating the first electrode in contact with a solution () to be analyzed and the second electrode in electrical contact with the solution to be analyzed; applying a potential difference between the first and second electrodes () such that current flows between the first and second electrodes through the solution to be analyzed and chemical species are electro-deposited from the solution onto the first electrode; applying a spectroscopic analysis technique to the electro-deposited chemical species (M1, M2, M3) on the first electrode to generate spectroscopic data about the electro-deposited chemical species on the first electrode; and using the spectroscopic data to determine the type of chemical species electro-deposited on the first electrode. The spectroscopic analysis technique, which can be based on X-rays, fluorescent X-rays or gamma rays, is used in combination with stripping voltammetric measurement performed on the first electrode. The spectroscopic data can also be used in-situ calibration data for calibrating the reference potential used voltammetric measurements.

Electrochemical deposition and spectroscopic analysis methods and apparatus using diamond electrodes

An electrochemical sensor comprising: a reference electrode () formed of an electrically conductive synthetic doped diamond material and configured to be located in electrical contact with a solution () to be analysed; a sensing electrode () formed of an electrically conductive synthetic doped diamond material and configured to be located in contact with the solution () to be analysed; an electrical controller () configured to conduct stripping voltammetric measurements by applying a voltage to the sensing electrode (), to change the applied voltage relative to the reference electrode (), and to measure an electric current flowing through the sensing electrode () thereby generating voltammetry data; and a calibration system configured to provide an in-situ calibration for providing a reference point in the voltammetric data since the potential of the diamond reference electrode is non fixed and floating. Consequently, assigning of peaks (M, M, M) in the voltammetry data to chemical species (M, M, M) is possible, thereby allowing the type and concentration of chemical species in the solution () to be determined. The in-situ calibration consists of: 1-using a spectrometer for X-rays, Gamma rays or fluorescence measurements integrated in the sensor, 2-using a known redox couple added to the solution that will provide a reference peak in the voltammetric data, or 3-producing in-situ ionic species at the vicinity of the reference electrode.

Electrochemical sensor with diamond electrodes

Microelectrode comprising a body formed from electrically non-conducting material and including at least one region of electrically conducting material and at least one passage extending through the body of non-conducting material and the region of conducting material, the electrically conducting region presenting an area of electrically conducting material to a fluid flowing through the passage in use. An electrochemical cell which includes such a microelectrode is also disclosed.

Microelectrode array

Sensor device for ion channel recordings; liquid-liquid measurements and resistive pulse particle counting comprising; at least one sensor element; the element comprising a diamond thin film substrate and a pore which is a nanopore or a micropore included in the substrate. This device may be used in analysis, for instance the device may be used for single molecule detection of an apialyte (e.g. DNA), for the analysis of interactions between a sensor element and an analyte, for the detection of pore forming entities, or for the determination of ion transfer.

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Warwickshire, United Kingdom

Mark Edward Newton