Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Note/worthy Products, Inc.

Mark E Johnson

Robert Samuel Langer

Michael V Pishko

Joseph Kost

Samir Suresh Mitragotri

Daniel Blankschtein

Allan G Sacks

Transdermal transport of molecules during sonophoresis (delivery or extraction) can be further enhanced by providing chemical enhancers which increase the solubility of the compound to be transported and/or lipid bilayer solubility, and/or additional driving forces for transport, such as mechanical or osmotic pressure, magnetic fields, electroporation or iontophoresis. In a preferred embodiment the ultrasound is low frequency ultrasound which induces cavitation of the lipid layers of the stratum corneum (SC). This method provides higher drug transdermal fluxes, allows rapid control of transdermal fluxes, and allows drug delivery or analyte extraction at lower ultrasound intensities and other forces or concentrations than that required if each means of enhancing transport is used individually.

Chemical and physical enhancers and ultrasound for transdermal drug

A time-delayed message indicator system typically displays a printed message pattern on a contrasting viewing surface at a predetermined time after activation. One preferred indicator system employs a migrating message pattern and has a laminar, multilayer construction. The message is printed on a source layer using a migratable ink. An opaque layer overlies the source layer and a release layer protects the migratable message from contact with the opaque layer until the system is activated by removal of the release layer initiating migration of the message ink through the opaque layer. Arrival of the message agent at the viewing surface initiates development of a visible message pattern. To enhance the development process the invention includes a message development trigger, for example, a heating system. The heating system can consist of exothermic chemical reactants that are mixed to react and produce heat, for example by oxidizing iron filings or activated carbon. Other embodiments employ buffered pH indicators and a migrating acid or base.

Accelerated development time-delayed message system

Growing community of inventors

Allston, MA, United States of America

Mark E Johnson