Bayer Aktiengesellschaft

Manfred Dahm

Gert Jabs

Ulrich Nehen

Norbert Weimann

Walter Schafer

Gunther Baatz

Hanns P Muller

Christian Wegner

Hildegard Schnoring

Kuno Wagner

Dietmar Schapel

Alberto C Gonzalez-Dorner

Manfred Dietrich

Hans-Walter Illger

Peter R Muller

Bernd Koglin

Artur Haus

James M Barnes

Albert Awater

Erwin Windemuth

Kurt Findeisen

Wolfgang Behrenz

Manfred Jautelat

Heinrich Alberts

Wulf Von Bonin

Manfred Bock

Ulrich Von Gizycki

Rudiger Schubart

Bruno Bomer

Ernst Roos

Manfred Hajek

Lothar Preis

Harold Heller

Gottfried Pampus

Kurt Riecke

Georg Wawra

Claus Hentschel

Klaus Rath

Kurt Triebeneck

Foamed microbeads with a shell and an encased core are characterized in that the shell is a reaction product of an NCO-containing carbodiimide and a polyamine, and the core is at least partly filled with a polymeric carbodiimide or its reaction product with a polyamine, and in that the foamed microbeads are self-supporting and can be laden with hydrophilic and if appropriate hydrophobic liquids.

Foamed microbeads and a process for their preparation

A continuous process for the production of microcapsules having polymeric walls and a solid or liquid core which comprises mixing a polyisocyanate with the material to be encapsulated, reacting the resulting mixture, a polyamine, and an aqueous phase containing a dispersion aid, the reaction being initiated in a high-turbulence mixing zone to form an emulsion, and subsequently transferring the reaction product to a multiple-stage cascade of vessels, the temperature being increased from stage to stage and being kept constant during each stage.

Process for the continuous production of microcapsules

Process for the production of microcapsule dispersions according to the polyaddition process, wherein an inert organic liquid is continuously mixed under strong turbulence with a polyisocyanate, insoluble therein, this mixture is emulsified in an aqueous phase as dispersed phase and the emulsion formed is continuously reacted with a polyamine.

Continuous production of microcapsule dispersions

Microcapsules having a hydrophobic core material and capsule walls formed by the reaction of water-insoluble polyamines with water-soluble bisulphite adducts of polyisocyanates, a process for the production thereof which is characterized in that a mixture of a hydrophobic core material and water-insoluble polyamines is emulsified in water or in an aqueous protective colloid solution to the required particle size, water-soluble bisulphite adducts of polyisocyanates in the form of powders or aqueous solutions are added and the mixture is left to react to completion at temperatures of from 1.degree. to 140.degree. C., and applications thereof.

Microcapsules having walls of polyaddition products of water-insoluble

Production of microcapsules having walls of polyaddition products of

A process for spray drying aqueous suspensions of microcapsules having walls of polyurea which have been formed in known manner from polyisocyanate and polyamine by interface polyaddition, in which from 1 to 10 parts by weight, based on the microcapsules, of a water-soluble silicate and/or a water-soluble alkaline earth metal salt or hydroxide are added to the aqueous reaction mixture of polyisocyanate and polyamine.

Spray drying of microcapsule dispersions

A process for the production of aqueous suspensions containing from 35 to 60% by weight of microcapsules by interfacial polyaddition from polyisocyanates and H-active compounds, wherein

Concentrated microcapsule suspensions for reaction copying papers

A process for encapsulating products in a polymer by interfacial polymerization, in which a stabilized dispersion of droplets of a first liquid which is to be encapsulated or a stabilized dispersion of solid particles which are to be encapsulated is formed in a continuous phase of a second liquid, and wherein one of the two capsule wall-forming reaction components is present in free form while the other of the two capsule wall-forming reaction components is present in reversibly blocked form, both reaction components are present in the first or second liquid without reacting with one another and the reaction component which is present in reversibly blocked form is deblocked by means of water present in the second or first liquid and then reacts with the reaction component present in free form to form a polymeric capsule wall, the droplets of the first liquid or the solid particles being encapsulated in small capsules consisting of polymeric material.

Process for the production of microcapsules

A process for the production of microcapsules by interfacial polyreaction, which comprises mixing a first reactant with an emulsion of a solution of a material to be encapsulated and a second reactant whereby the first and second reactants react to form a capsule containing the said material and wherein the second reactant dissolved in the disperse phase is a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound corresponding to one of the formulae I, II or III ##STR1## wherein at least two of the radicals A, B, D and E are halogen atoms, ammonium, hydrazinium, sulfonium, optionally substituted alkyl sulfonyl, aryl sulfonyl, aralkyl sulfonium, azido, aryloxy, thiocyano arylthio and sulfonic acid residues which are reactive under the conditions of the capsule-forming reaction and the remaining radicals A, B, D, E are hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, phenoxy, alkylamino or phenylamino radicals which are not reactive under the conditions of the capsule-forming reaction.

The invention relates to a pressure-sensitive, carbonless copying system and to a process for the production of pressure-sensitive, carbonless copying system wherein a non-aqueous, substantially solvent free printing ink containing micro-capsules which contain dye-precursors, is applied by wet and dry offset and book printing techniques to all or part of at least one surface of a paper substrate; and to printing inks comprising

Copying systems, a process for their production, and suitable printing

A fertilizer for the long term and uniform supply of plants with nutrient ions comprising a covalently crosslinked hydrogel in which are embedded ion exchangers which are laden with plant nutrients; furthermore a process for the long term and uniform supply of plants with nutrient ions wherein a covalently crosslinked hydrogel in which are embedded ion exchangers which are laden with plant nutrients is applied to the plants or their environment.

Fertilizers

Microcapsules having a defined release temperature and being formed of gelatin or a mixture of gelatin with gum arabic, carboxymethylcellulose and/or anionic polymers, the gelatin having been hardened with a natural and/or synthetic tanning agent and with a carbonyl compound, and the process for making said microcapsules.

Microcapsules with a defined opening temperature, a process for their

Process for the production of microcapsules, characterized in that a reaction product of a diol or polyol which has a molecular weight of 400 to 10,000 with phosgene or a di- or polyisocyanate which contains at least two chloroformic acid ester or isocyanate groups per molecule is mixed with the substance with is required to be enveloped (core material) and this mixture, an at least bifunctional chain lengthening agent for the reaction product and an aqueous phase are introduced into a zone of high turbulence where the reaction product and chain lengthening agent react to form a high molecular weight polymer which encloses the substance which is to be enveloped to form microcapsules which are then separated.

Aminoplast foams of hardened reaction products of aldehydes and at least bifunctional modified .alpha.,.omega.-ureas which contain at least one ether, thioether, acetal, ester, ester amide and/or carbonate group and have a molecular weight of from 200 to 10,000.

Aminoplast foams

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Leverkusen, Germany

Manfred Dahm