Lucent Technologies Inc.

American Telephone & Telegraph Co., At&t Bell Laboratories

At&t Bell Laboratories

Bell Telephone Laboratories

Agere Systems Inc.

Illinois Superconductor Corporation, Inc.

Malcolm Ellis Lines

Kurt Nassau

David Alan Ackerman

Thomas L Koch

Richart Elliott Slusher

Lynn Frances Schneemeyer

Alastair M Glass

Gadi Lenz

Robert Louis Hartman

Richard Bendicks Bylsma

George E Peterson

Glen Robert Kowach

Harold Yoonsung Hwang

Robert D Lithgow

Kenneth B Lyons

Eva Koh

Anne E Miller

The thermo-optic behavior of an optical path over a range of temperatures &Dgr;T is controlled by determining a figure-of-merit (FOM) for the optical path and including in the path a body of crystalline material that enables the conditions specified by the FOM to be satisfied. The crystalline material is highly transparent at a wavelength &lgr; of radiation propagating in the path, and it has a coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) and a refractive index n such that the CTE and dn/dT are mutually adapted to satisfy the FOM over the range &Dgr;T. In one embodiment, the CTE and dn/dT of an etalon compensate one another so as to perform frequency discrimination that is essentially temperature insensitive over the range &Dgr;T. In a preferred embodiment of the optical etalon the crystalline material comprises LiCaAlF .

Using crystalline materials to control the thermo-optic behavior of an optical path

Waveguides according to this invention have a chalcogenide glass core that comprises Se and one or both of As and Ge, and further comprises one or more dopant elements selected from the elements that cause a change in optical energy gap E,of the glass core. The amount of dopant is selected such that E,is equal to or less than a 2-photon energy 2h&ngr;, where h is Planck's constant and &ngr;&equals;c/&lgr;, where c is the speed of light in vacuum and &lgr; is an operating wavelength. The dopant elements furthermore are selected such that the chalcogenide glass core has a nonlinear refractive index n,greater than 200n,(SiO,), where n,(SiO,) is the nonlinear index of silica at &lgr;. Typically, &lgr; is about 1.55 &mgr;m. Exemplary, the dopant elements are selected from Sb, Bi, Sn, Pb, In, Tl, Cu, Ag and S. Currently preferred dopants are Te, Sb, Tl, Cu and Ag. Waveguides according to the invention are advantageously used in all-optical switches, optical logic elements and other means for optical processing of optical pulses.

Article comprising a planar optical waveguide with optically non-linear core

Electromagnetic resonators according to the invention comprise a first body, exemplarily a split thin ring, that is disposed between two planar field confining plates. The thickness (t) of the first body is less (typically less than 1/2 or 1/10) of the outer radius (R) of the body, and the distance between the first body and the confining plates is less than R. In preferred embodiments the first body comprises superconducting material. Resonators according to the invention can be readily assembled into relatively compact filters that are easily tunable, can have large quality factor, and offer the possibility of single mode operation. Such filters can advantageously be used in, e.g., wireless communications systems.

Electromagnetic resonator comprised of annular resonant bodies disposed

It has been discovered that glass of composition xM.sub.2 O.(1-x)SiO.sub.2 can have lower intrinsic loss than pure SiO.sub.2, for 0&lt;x.ltorsim.0.03 and M=Na, K, and/or Rb. Furthermore, it has been discovered that co-doping with F can increase the range of reduced intrinsic loss to x.about.0.07, for M=K and/or Rb. Disclosed is optical fiber that comprises the novel low intrinsic loss glass,, typically in the core.

SiO.sub.2 -based alkali-doped optical fiber

An optical fiber system which includes a source of electromagnetic radiation, e.g., a laser, in optical communication with a multicomponent halide glass optical fiber is disclosed. This system is distinguished from previous such systems in that, within the context of the inventive system, the multicomponent halide glass fiber exhibits lower intrinsic loss than when used in previous such systems. This is achieved by choosing the source in relation to the composition of the fiber so that the wavelength of at least a portion of the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the source is substantially equal to the minimum intrinsic loss wavelength for the fiber, as determined using a new, more accurate procedure.

Optical fiber systems employing multicomponent halide glass optical

Raman-active optical fiber having very large Raman cross section is disclosed. The fiber comprises glass that has two major components, a glass-forming first component (GeO.sub.2, SiO.sub.2, AsO.sub.1.5, or combinations thereof) and a heavy metal oxide second component (PbO, BiO.sub.1.5, SbO.sub.1.5, TlO.sub.0.5, or combinations thereof), with the first and second major components making up at least 70 mol %, preferably at least 90 mol %, of the glass. The maximum relative Raman cross section .sigma..sub.r of the inventive glass is at least 15, preferably greater than 20, where .sigma..sub.r =.sigma..sub.RA /.theta..sub.SiO.sbsb.2, and where .sigma..sub.RA and .sigma..sub.SiO.sbsb.2 are the maximum 0.degree. K. Raman cross sections of the inventive glass and of pure vitreous SiO.sub.2, respectively. Fiber according to the invention can advantageously be used in apparatus such as optical fiber communications systems, information processing systems that contain an optical fiber memory loop, and optical fiber sensors.

Apparatus comprising Raman-active optical fiber

Amorphous niobates and tantalates of the alkali metals lithium, potassium, and sodium which may be off-stoichiometric with regard to the related octahedrally coordinated crystalline compositions manifest high values of dielectric constant and ionic conductivity. Electrode bearing devices may be utilized, inter alia, as capacitors, electrolytic cells, and bolometers.

Amorphous metal oxide material between electrodes of a cell

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Millington, NJ, United States of America

Malcolm Ellis Lines