Nec Corporation

Nkk Corporation

Makoto Miyazawa

Takao Ikariya

Masanori Itagaki

Masatsugu Mizuguchi

Sachiko Yamamoto

Tohru Tsujide

Tetsuo Hachiya

Hiroshi Ishioka

Tomomichi Nakamura

Mikoto Iemoto

A semiconductor integrated circuit device communicates with an external device through signal terminals, and is powered through power terminals; protective circuits are respectively connected to the signal terminals for discharging static electric charge through a shared conductive line to the power terminal connected to a ground line, and a potential level of the semiconductor substrate is propagated through the shared conductive line to a detecting circuit for reversely biasing the semiconductor substrate at intervals; and an interrupting circuit discriminates isolating state of the power terminal from the ground line so as to cut off a current path between the shared conductive line and the detecting circuit.

Semiconductor integrated circuit device having substrate potential

A method for manufacturing a purified aromatic urethane. Aromatic urethanes are synthesized from a N,N'-disubstituted urea and an organic hydroxyl compound in a reaction medium. The organic hydroxyl compound and the primary aromatic amine side product which are present in the reaction mixture is distilled off and removed from the reaction mixture leaving a distillation bottom. The N,N'-disubstituted urea is separated and removed from the distillation bottom by solvent extraction of the aromatic urethane, and the aromatic urethane in the extract phase obtained in said solvent extraction is separated and purified.

Method of manufacturing aromatic urethanes

A method of manufacturing aromatic urethanes utilizes a urea production process wherein a primary aromatic amine, an aromatic nitro-compound and carbon monoxide are made to react together in the presence of a catalyst and solvents, to produce N,N'-disubstituted urea, the solvlent used in the urea production process consisting at least partly of an amide or oxygen-containing sulfur compound, and having the functions of stabilizing the catalyst and preventing it from separating out in a solution, and of increasing the activity of the catalyst, the quantity of the solvent being sufficient to permit it to fulfill these functions effectively. The method additionally includes an aromatic urethane production process wherein the N,N'-disubstituted urea produced is made to react with an organic compound containing hydroxyl groups, to produce a primary aromatic amine and aromatic urethane, the primary aromatic amine being separated to obtain the aromatic urethane.

An MOSIC is provided with an input and/or output protective circuit which includes a first semiconductor region formed in a semiconductor substrate with a PN junction and electrically coupled between an input or output terminal and a transistor to be protected and a second semiconductor region formed so as to surround the first region. The PN junction formed between the second region and the substrate is reverse-biased, whereby the second region absorbs carriers which are undesirably injected from the first region into the substrate in an electrical operation of the IC.

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Tokyo, Japan

Makoto Miyazawa