Uop Lcc

Lynn H Rice

Ralph D Gillespie

Michelle J Cohn

Robert J Schmidt

David James Shecterle

Gregory F Maher

Douglas A Nafis

William D Schlueter

Santi Kulprathipanja

Stephen W Sohn

Laurence O Stine

Robert S Haizmann

Richard Russell Rosin

Dennis E O'Brien

Dale James Shields

Srikantiah Raghuram

Brian H Johnson

Margaret A Stine

James G Hagen

Nelson A Cusher

Mark S Turowicz

Donald H Bell

Dale J Shields

Embodiments of methods and apparatuses for isomerization of paraffins are provided. In one example, a method comprises the steps of separating an isomerization effluent into a product stream that comprises branched paraffins and a stabilizer vapor stream that comprises HCl, H, and C-hydrocarbons. C-hydrocarbons are removed from the stabilizer overhead vapor stream to form a HCl and H-rich stream. An isomerization catalyst is activated using at least a portion of the HCl and H-rich stream to form a chloride-promoted isomerization catalyst. A paraffin feed stream is contacted with the chloride-promoted isomerization catalyst in the presence of hydrogen for isomerization of the paraffins.

Methods and apparatuses for isomerization of paraffins

A simulated moving bed adsorptive separation process for preparing the separate feed streams charged to naphtha reforming unit and a steam cracking unit has been developed. The feed stream to the overall unit is passed into the adsorptive separation unit. The desorbent in the adsorptive separation is C12 hydrocarbons. The simulated moving bed adsorptive separation separates the components of the feed stream into a normal paraffin stream, which is charged to the steam cracking process, and non-normal hydrocarbons which are passed into a reforming zone. The desorbent is readily separated from the normal paraffin stream and from the non-normal paraffin stream and the simulated moving bed adsorption zone is operated at an A/Fn ratio of from about 0.90 to about 0.92.

Ethylene production by steam cracking of normal paraffins

In an isomerization process where the isomerization effluent () is fractionated in a deisohexanizer () to provide an overhead () containing dimethylbutanes and a higher boiling fraction () containing normal hexane, the higher boiling is contacted with a selectively permeable membrane () to provide a retentate containing methylcyclopentane (). If desired, the normal hexane-containing permeate can be recycled for isomerization. The preferred membranes are sieving membranes having a CPermeate Flow Index of at least 0.01 and a CPermeate Flow Ratio of at least 1.25:1.

Processes for the isomerization of paraffins of 5 and 6 carbon atoms with methylcyclopentane recovery

A reforming and isomerization process has been developed. A reforming feedstream is charged to a reforming zone containing a reforming catalyst and operating at reforming conditions to generate a reforming zone effluent. Hydrogen and an isomerization feedstream is charged into an isomerization zone to contact an isomerization catalyst at isomerization conditions to increase the branching of the hydrocarbons. The isomerization catalyst is a solid acid catalyst comprising a support comprising a sulfated oxide or hydroxide of at least an element of Group IVB, a first component being at least one lanthanide series element, mixtures thereof, or yttrium, and a second component being a platinum group metal or mixtures thereof. The reforming zone effluent and the isomerization zone effluent are each separated to form a light ends stream and a product stream. The light ends streams are combined for processing in a net gas re-contacting zone.

Combination reforming and isomerization process

A high-flux membrane, especially a sieving membrane, is used to separate a naphtha feedstock into a retentate fraction having a reduced concentration of normal paraffins for an enhanced reforming feed and a permeate fraction having an increased concentration of normal paraffins for an enhanced cracking feed.

Integrated refinery with enhanced olefin and reformate production

Membrane separation processes and systems are disclosed that pass a portion of the feed () to the permeate side of the membrane () to reduce membrane surface area and thus provide economically attractive processes and systems for treating large volume refinery and chemical process streams.

Membrane separation processes and systems for enhanced permeant recovery

In an isomerization process where the isomerization effluent () is fractionated in a deisohexanizer () to provide a lower boiling fraction () containing dimethylbutanes, a higher boiling fraction containing methylpentanes and a bottoms stream () containing normal hexane and heavies, the bottoms stream is contacted with a selective permeation membrane () to provide a normal hexane-containing permeate () suitable for recycle to the isomerization. The energy consumption of the deisohexanizer () can be reduced without adversely affecting the octane rating of the overhead ().

Processes for the isomerization of feedstocks comprising paraffins of 5 to 7 carbon atoms

Isomerization of a feedstream comprising Cto Chydrocarbons involving charging hydrogen and the feedstream into an isomerization zone to contact an isomerization catalyst at isomerization conditions and increase the branching of the feedstream hydrocarbons to produce an isomerization effluent stream has been discovered. Without passing through a stabilizer, the isomerization effluent is passed through a product separator and a flash drum and then to an adsorptive separation zone to generate a raffinate stream enriched in branched alkanes, an extract stream enriched in normal alkanes, and at least one light ends stream. Within the adsorptive separation zone, the raffinate and the extract streams are each passed through a fractionator remove light ends and desorbent. The desorbent is recycled to the adsorptive separation zone. The remainder of the extract stream is recycled to the isomerization zone and the remainder of the raffinate stream is collected.

Isomerization process with adsorptive separation

Pentanes are separated from a naphtha boiling range feedstock to provide a gasoline stock having a high RON and low RVP. The isopentane is isomerized to make normal pentane and normal pentane is withdrawn as a feed, preferably for a steam cracker.

Processes for making higher octane motor fuels having a low reid vapor pressure from naphtha boiling range feedstocks

An integrated isomerization-alkylation process is disclosed that uses a common distillation zone. The process can comprise halogen removal. The process is suitable for the production of motor fuels from isoparaffins and olefins using solid alkylation and isomerization catalysts.

Integrated alkylation-isomerization process

A process for the isomerization of a feedstream comprising C&#x2013;Chydrocarbons where the process involves charging hydrogen and a feedstream comprising at least normal C&#x2013;Chydrocarbons into an isomerization zone and contacting said hydrogen and feedstream with an isomerization catalyst at isomerization conditions to increase the branching of the feedstream hydrocarbons and produce an isomerization effluent stream comprising at least normal pentane, normal hexane, methylbutane, dimethylbutane, and methylpentane has been discovered. Without passing through a stabilizer, the isomerization effluent stream is passed to a deisohexanizer zone to generate at least a stream enriched in methylbutane and dimethylbutanes. The stream enriched in methylbutane and dimethylbutanes is passed to an isomerate striper column to remove butane and lighter hydrocarbons and gasses. The remainder containing the methylbutane and dimethylbutanes is collected for use in, for example, gasoline blending.

Isomerization process

A process for the isomerization of a feedstream comprising C&#x2013;Chydrocarbons where the process involves charging hydrogen and a feedstream comprising at least normal C&#x2013;Chydrocarbons into an isomerization zone and contacting said hydrogen and feedstream with an isomerization catalyst at isomerization conditions to increase the branching of the feedstream hydrocarbons and produce an isomerization effluent stream comprising at least normal pentane, normal hexane, methylbutane, dimethylbutane, and methylpentane has been discovered. The catalyst used is a solid acid catalyst comprising a support comprising a sulfated oxide or hydroxide of at least an element of Group IVB (IUPAC 4) of the Periodic Table, a first component selected from the group consisting of at least one lanthanide-series element, mixtures thereof, and yttrium, and a second component selected from the group of platinum-group metals and mixtures thereof.

Isomerization process using novel catalyst

A reforming and isomerization process has been developed. A reforming feedstream is charged to a reforming zone containing a reforming catalyst and operating at reforming conditions to generate a reforming zone effluent. Hydrogen and an isomerization feedstream is charged into an isomerization zone to contact an isomerization catalyst at isomerization conditions to increase the branching of the hydrocarbons. The isomerization catalyst is a solid acid catalyst comprising a support comprising a sulfated oxide or hydroxide of at least an element of Group IVB, a first component being at least one lanthanide series element, mixtures thereof, or yttrium, and a second component being a platinum group metal or mixtures thereof. The reforming zone effluent is combined with the isomerization zone effluent to form a combined effluent stream and separated into a product stream enriched in Cand heavier hydrocarbons and an overhead stream enriched in Cand lighter boiling compounds.

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Arlington Heights, IL, United States of America

Lynn H Rice