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Schwem Instruments

Schwem Technology Incorporated

Luis W Alvarez

Arnold J Schwemin

Stephen F Sporer

A vehicle proctor includes a first sheet sized to cover a pair of headlights of the vehicle. A second sheet sized to be within 80% of the same surface area as the first sheet arranged in an opposing relationship. The first sheet and the second sheets are joined around their periphery. The first sheet has a heavier material than the second sheet. A flap is interconnected with the first sheet. The flap fits under the hood of the vehicle. The flap has an interior deformable material and has a thickness greater than the combination of the first and second sheets.

Headlight oxidation protector having two sheets and flap for fitting under hood of vehicle

An inertial pendulum stabilizer is utilized for stabilizing the lens train of an optical instrument to be stabilized, such as a television camera, against accidental angular motion. A substantially spherical optical doublet having a leading negative lens element and a trailing positive element with both lens elements together being afocal is utilized. The leading negative lens element is fixed in front of the lens train of the optical instrument to be stabilized. An inertial pendulum has the positive optical element lens fixed to the front of the pendulum, this positive element being located between the leading negative lens and the lens train of the optical element to be stabilized. The inertial pendulum pivots on two intersecting and mutually perpendicular axes. The inertial pendulum is attached to the lens train to be stabilized so that the two mutually perpendicular and intersecting pivot axes intersect the lens train of the optical element to be stabilized. Consequently, this inertial pendulum defines an interior spatial interval exceeding the dimensions of the lens train of the optical instrument to be stabilized to enable pivot around the lens train with stabilizing excursion of the positive lens element. The inertial pendulum is counter-weighted so that the center of gravity of the pendulum is coincident to the point of intersection of the mutually perpendicular pivot axes of the pendulum. The pendulum is thus neutral to the ambient gravitational field but responsive to forces of its own inertia relative to the camera. The inertial pendulum is biased to a neutral position with respect to the lens train at low frequencies of angular motion and provided with suitable damping to minimize low frequency oscillation of the pendulum with respect to the optical train during panning of the instrument. An optical stabilizer with minimum increase in dimension relative to the optical train of the instrument to be stabilized results.

Inertial pendulum optical stabilizer

A method and apparatus for detecting concentrations of nitrogen between 20% and 30% by weight such as is common in explosives is disclosed. A microtron having an output electron beam at a level below 45 MeV is targeted onto a typically tungsten target to provide gamma radiation levels. Deflection magnets adjacent to the target deflect the electron beam of the microtron to cause it to scan. Articles placed on a container containing suspect nitrogen are systematically scanned and output gamma radiation of 511 keV detected from nitrogen. Nitrogen concentrations and consequently expected concealed explosives are easily mapped in two or three dimensions, quantitatively.

Nitrogen detection

An optically stabilized camera lens system includes an objective lens mounted to the lens case and an optical train defining an optical path between the objective lens and a camera image plane. The optical train includes first a Humphrey prism, second a light reversing, cube corner element, third a zoom lens. Provision is made for replacement of the cube corner with a prism and use of a parity inverting prism such as a Dove or preferably a Pechan to provide an alternate path. Roll stabilization is provided by coupling the Pechan, Dove or equivalent parity reversing prism to a gyroscope so the prism becomes a derotating prism. The derotating prism rotates about the optical path at half the speed the case rotates about the optical axis to produce roll stabilization preferred in camera and video applications. The Humphrey prism is inertially mounted to the case, using a stabilizer to compensate for small accidental tilt and pan motions of the case. The tilt and pan stabilizer includes a Cardan suspension assembly including a first gimbal mounted to the case, a second gimbal pivotally mounted to the first gimbal and a precessor biased rotor mounted to the second gimbal. A third gimbal is pivotally mounted to the second gimbal; the Humphrey prism is pivotally mounted to the third gimbal. The Cardan suspension assembly provides a gyroscopically stabilized mount for the third gimbal.

Optically stabilized camera lens system

A dead reckoning range finding device is disclosed for removably detachable mounting to a cart, such as a golf cart. The golf cart, having more than one wheel, is mechanically monitored as to wheel position of at least two wheels to provide at least two required outputs. The first output is the cart distance traveled; the second output is the radius of curvature of the track of the cart, which gives the change in direction per unit of path length traveled with respect to the bearing of a target, such as a golf hole. As specifically applied to the game of golf, at each tee, initialized parameters of range and direction of hole are input to a dedicated microprocessor. Thereafter, even though travel from the tee to hole occurs along a random path (typically a level as possible route following the random direction to which golf balls can be hit by one or two cart riders) a continuous read-out of range to the hole is provided. This continuous read-out is provided by an essentially continuous integration of the direction of travel, as provided by the radius of curvature of the path as well as the path length. Provision is made for either the manual or memory entry of the initial hole parameters of flag direction and range. Provision is made for displaying length of drive from the tee. Specific embodiments include adaptation of the invention to a self-propelled cart having at least three wheels or to a simplified cart having paired co-axial wheels separated by a fixed distance capable of toting only a golf bag.

Dead reckoning range finding device for cart

A stabilized binocular using a gimbaled and stabilized triple-reflecting compensator (such as that in Humphrey U.S. Pat. No. 3,475,073) having three reflecting surfaces for each binocular path is disclosed. Each of the binocular paths is in convergent light from an objective to and through gimbaled stabilizer assembly to a primary focus that is stabilized with respect to the case. The triple-reflecting surfaces disposed to reflect light in the manner corresponding to a single plane mirror at an effective mirroring plane with a displacement between the incident and reflected light beams. The compensator remains stabilized with respect to inertial space, while the instrument undergoes accidental angular motion. The reflecting property of the compensator brings the image back to the same place on the case despite the accidental angular motion. The displacing function of the compensator enables the image to be displaced to a location where the image does not interfere with the incoming light path. This image is then processed by conventional field optics, including a zoom relay lens. Provision is made to adjustably compensate for displacement and resultant angular velocity, acceleration, and jerk. Resonance is naturally avoided as torquing forces are not applied where inertial centering of the compensator is sufficient.

Stabilized zoom binocular

A viewing system for use with a cathode ray tube display comprising an objective lens which focuses the display image onto a limited light diverging screen having orthogonally arranged lenticular lenses on its opposite planar surfaces and which diverts the projected light to produce an image of maximum brightness in a hypothetical ellipse having a major dimension of six inches and minor dimension of two inches at a viewing distance of sixteen inches.

Television viewer

A stabilized binocular using a gimbaled and stabilized triple-reflecting compensator (such as that in Humphrey U.S. Pat. No. 3,475,073) having three reflecting surfaces for each binocular path is disclosed. Each of the binocular paths is in convergent light from an objective to and through gimbaled stabilizer assembly to a primary focus that is stabilized with respect to the case. The triple-reflecting surfaces disposed to reflect light inthe manner corresponding to a single plane mirror at an effective mirroring plane with a displacement between the incident and reflected light beams. The compensator remains stabilized with respect to inertial space, while the instrument undergoes accidental angular motion. The reflecting property of the compensator brings the image back to the same place on the case despite the accidental angular motion. The displacing function of the compensator enables the image to be displaced to a location where the image does not interfere with the incoming light path. This image is then processed by conventional field optics, including a zoom relay lens. Provision is made to adjustably compensate for displacement and resultant angular velocity, acceleration, and jerk. Resonance is naturally avoided as torquing forces are not applied where inertial centering of the compensator is sufficient.

A stand alone collision avoidance system is disclosed for mounting to a large passenger jet especially to avoid the collision problem common to such large jets colliding with small propeller driven aircraft. A bistatic radar antenna system is disclosed having a frequency in the range of 40 Giga Hertz (hereafter GHz). Paired bistatic antennas are used with each couplet of bistatic transmitting and receiving antennas searching one quadrant of a total forward hemisphere of search in the direction of plane travel. Paired transmitter antennas, one for each quadrant, are typically located above and below the nose located weather radar and are mechanically scanned side to side in the typical 'beaver tail' scan with the beaver tail occupying 100.degree. of elevation and 0.71.degree. of beam width. Paired receiving antennas, again one for each quadrant, are located with one such antenna on the leading edge of the vertical stabilizer or tail and the other antenna on a special mast lowered in a position where landing gear shadow does not obscure forward view. Each receiving antenna is mechanically scanned side to side synchronously with its transmitter antenna and consists of a phased array with a vertical scan generated from about 500 discrete linearly disposed receiving elements for vertical resolution of up to 0.21.degree.. The antenna is responsive only to radar return signals approaching the antenna in a narrow vertical angular range, at some desired, and variable, vertical angle.

Stand alone collision avoidance system

In this hand-held color television viewing device, differently colored, side-by-side rasters are produced on the screen of a cathode ray tube from standard color television signals by the use of three pairs of serial delay lines. One delay line of each pair stores a horizontal scan line of color video information for a single color signal while the other delay line of each pair, each in succession, outputs the previously stored line in one-third of a line scan period to the control element of the cathode ray tube. The three side-by-side rasters are then optically combined into a single, composite colored, greatly enlarged, virtual image of high brightness.

Color television viewer

Deuterium tagging in an amount at least ten (10) times the natural abundance of the deuterium isotope occurrence is disclosed. A composition of matter, including the group consisting of hydrogen containing compounds having at least one atom which is not oxygen and at least about ten (10) times the naturally occurring deuterium is disclosed. Preferred use is set forth in tagging explosives. A method of detecting the tagged article, such as explosives concealed in airline luggage includes subjecting tagged compounds with energy quanta sufficient to carry out the reaction

Growing community of inventors

Berkeley, CA, United States of America

Luis W Alvarez