Veba Oel Entwicklungs-gesellschaft Mbh

Veba Oel Technologie Gmbh

Intevep, S.a.

Veba Oel Entwicklungs-gesellschaft

Ludwig Merz

Klaus Niemann

Klaus Kretschmar

Ulrich Graeser

Franzo Marruffo

Jose Guitian

Julio Krasuk

Eckard Wolowski

Hans-Peter Wenning

Heinz Frohnert

Alfons Jankowski

Werner Dohler

Klaus Fuhrmann

Hans-Friedrich Tamm

Norbert Wilczok

Klaus Kurzeja

Bernd Uckermann

A catalyst for the hydrogenation of a hydrocarbon material which is a member selected from the group consisting of red mud, iron oxides, iron ores, hard coals, lignites impregnated with heavy metal salts, carbon black, soots from gasifiers, and cokes produced by the hydrogenation of virgin residues, the catalyst being comprised of at least two separate particle size fractions such that the combined fractions have a particle size distribution between 0.1 and 2,000 microns with 10-40 wt. % of the particles having a particle size greater than 100 microns, and the mixture of fractions not being represented by a straight line when the accumulative weight of the particles vs. particle size which is plotted on log (minus log) vs. log graph paper has a correlation coefficient R.sup.2 less than 0.96 as determined from the equation: ##EQU1## wherein n is the number of experimental points, y is ln [-ln (n/1000)] and x is ln (dp), wherein dp is the particle size (.mu.m) of the particles.

Catalyst for the hydrogenation of hydrocarbon material

Process for the hydrogenative conversion of heavy oils and residual oils, used oils and waste oils, mixed with sewage sludge in a typical liquid phase hydrogenator with gases containing hydrogen, with the addition of a finely ground substance that preferably has a large internal surface area, as additive. The additive is added in two different particle size ranges so that a portion of the additive is present as a fine particle size fraction iwth a particle size of 90 .mu.m or less and another portion as a coarse particle size fraction with a particle size of 100 .mu.m to 2000 .mu.m, preferably 100 to 1000 .mu.m with the procedure being carried out with a weight ratio of raw oils to sewage sludge used of 10:1 to 1:1.5. Conversion of vacuum residue of a Venezuelan heavy oil with the addition of 2 wt. % of lignite coke as additive and with the admixture of 10 wt. % industrial or municipal sewage sludge in a liquid phase hydrogenator to obtain useful liquid products in particular, and extensive conversion of the organic fractions of the sewage sludge.

Process for the hydrogenative conversion of heavy oils and residual

Liquid phase hydrogenation of the liquid products of the low temperature carbonization of waste yields products which are free of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and chlorinated hydrocarbons. The hydrogenation may be catalyzed by the low temperature coke produced in the low temperature carbonization.

Process for treating wastes and the like by low temperature

A process for the hydrogenation of coal which entails slurrying pulverized coal with oil, hydrogenating the mixture at an elevated temperature and pressure and separating the liquid and solid reaction products from the gaseous reaction products, wherein the slurry oil contains non-process derived hydrocarbon mixtures having a boiling range above about 200.degree. C., in the amount of about 30-100% by weight with the remainder of the slurry oil being process derived oils having a boiling range above about 200.degree. C.

Process for the hydrogenation of coal

A process for the hydrogenative conversion of mixtures of oil and organic waste products, comprising the steps of:

Process for the hydrogenative conversion of heavy oils and residual oils

A process for the hydrogenation of heavy oils, residual oils, waste oils, used oils, shell oils, and tar sand oils by hydrogenating a slurry of the oil at a partial hydrogen pressure of 50-300 bar, a temperature of 250.degree.-500.degree. C., a space velocity of 0.1-5 T/m.sup.3 h, and a gas/liquid ratio of 100-10000 Nm.sup.3/ T, wherein the additive comprises two different grain size portions, a fine grain portion having a grain size of 90 microns or less and a coarse grain portion having a grain size of 100-1000 microns.

Process for the hydrogenation of heavy and residual oils

A process for the production of reformer feed and heating or diesel oil from coal which comprises introducing a pulverized coal-oil slurry together with a hydrogenation gas into a liquid-phase hydrogenation stage; remoping solids-containing residue from the discharge from the liquid phase hydrogenation stage, cooling the resulting residue-free volatile coal-oil fraction from the discharge and, if necessary, removing a slurry oil fraction therefrom before feeding the volatile coal-oil fraction to a gas-phase hydrogenation stage; introducing fresh hydrogen which is substantially free of contaminants into the gas-phase hydrogenation stage together with the volatile coal-oil fraction, the fresh hydrogen introduced into the gas-phase hydrogenation stage constituting the entire amount of hydrogen required for the process; and utilizing the waste-gas from the gas-phase hydrogenation as the hydrogenation gas for the liquid-phase hydrogenation. By contrast with conventional processes, which during gas-phase hydrogenation requires operating partial pressures of 300 bars, the process of this invention makes possible the lowering of the operating pressures required during gas-phase hydrogenation to approx. 50-200 bars and also enables significantly reduced consumption of hydrogen.

Process for the production of reformer feed and heating oil or diesel

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Recklinghausen, Germany

Ludwig Merz