Akzo N.v.

Akzo Nobel N.v.

Akzona Incorporated

Lanxess Deutschland Gmbh

Flexsys B.v.

Ludwig Eisenhuth

Manfred F Bergfeld

Hans G Zengel

Hans-Georg Zengel

Johannes W Schoonhoven

Anders Klingberg

Manfred J Bergfeld

Jacobus J Heinerman

Antonius Johannes Van Hengstum

Axel Carstens

Elisabeth Henriksson

Christian Blaufelder

Jan I De Jong

Reinhard Broucek

Sonja Eijsbouts

The invention pertains to a prepolymer composition comprising a mixture of monomers, oligomers, and polymers obtainable by polymerization of unsaturated monomers consisting of at least one of biscitraconimide, bisitaconimide, and citraconimido-itaconimide, and optionally (co)curable compound selected from bismaleimides, citraconamidomaieimides, and itaconamido maleimides, wherein 5-55 wt. % is monomer, 20-80 wt. % is oligomer having a molecular weight 300 to 3,000, and 10-50 wt. % is polymer having a molecular weight 3,000 to about 80,000, whereas the total content of monomers, oligomers, and polymers in the composition is at least 90 wt. %. The prepolymer can be used for making laminates and prepregs by curing the composition to a polymer.

Compositions comprising biscitraconimide, bisitaconimide, and/or citraconimido-itaconimide

A derivative of aspartic acid is used as a collector for a phosphate containing mineral, such as apatite, in a froth flotation process. According to the invention the collector has a high selectivity for phosphate containing minerals even in the presence of carbonate minerals, such as calcite. The derivative has the formula (I) where Ris a hydrophobic group containing a hydrocarbon group of 6-24 carbon atoms; Ris an alkyl group with 1-7 carbon atoms or a group of the formula (B)H, in which B is an alkyleneoxy group with 2-4 carbon atoms and y is a number from 1 to 10; and M is a group selected from the group consisting of a cation or hydrogen. Methods for producing the derivative are also described. 

Use of a derivative of aspartic acid as a collector in froth flotation processes

The invention relates to a process for preparing betaines of formula (I) wherein R represents a C -C hydrocarbon group, and R and R independently represent a C -C hydrocarbon group, comprising reacting an aqueous solution of an ethoxylated quaternay ammonium compound of formula (II) wherein R , R , and R have the same meaning as described above and X represents a suitable anion, with oxygen or an oxygen-containing gas under alkaline conditions in the presence of a supported and promoted Pt catalyst at a temperature ranging from room temperature to 70&deg; C. Preferably, use is made of a Pt/Bi/C catalyst. The invention process is particularly suitable for converting choline chloride into betaine, which is used as an animal feed

Process for preparing betaines

Catalyst for dehydrogenation of amino alcohols to amino carboxylic acids

A process is provided for preparing polyhydroxycarboxylic acids by the selective oxidation of di-, tri-, oligo- and polysaccharides in an alkaline medium using an oxygenous gas in the presence of palladium on a carrier as catalyst and bismuth as promoter at a palladium concentration in the reaction mixture of at least about 40 mg/l and a molar ratio of bismuth to palladium in the range of from about 1:5 to about 1:40, in which process towards the end of the reaction, as soon as a strong increase is observed in the oxygen concentration in the liquid phase, the oxygen supply is reduced until it is not more than about 20 ppm. In this manner, virtually all of the polysaccharide added beforehand is converted into the desired end product without an unacceptably high concentration of bismuth in the end product.

Process for the oxidation of di-, tri-, oligo- and polysaccharides into

Process for the preparation of benzothiazolyl-2-sulphenamides

Ex situ presulfidation of hydrotreating catalysts comprising impregnating the catalysts with an aqueous solution of an organic sulfur compound, e.g. the diammonium salt of 2,5-dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole and 2,2'-dithiodiethanol, followed by drying of the impregnated material. The dried material is activated by contacting it with hydrogen gas at elevated temperature.

Process for the preparation of a resulfided catalyst

2-(aminodithio)thiazoles and 2-(aminotrithio)thiazoles are prepared by reacting a mixture of a 2-mercaptothiazole or a dithiazolyl 2,2'-disulphide with a saturated secondary heterocyclic amine and sulphur in a reaction medium containing an inert organic solvent in the presence of an oxidant. The reaction is carried out in the present of ammonia and a catalyst containing copper, a copper compound or a cerium compound, and the oxidant is molecular oxygen or a gas containing oxygen. In particular, 2-(4-morpholinodithio)benzo-thiazole, which is technically interesting as a vulcanization accelerator, can be prepared in high product yield and virtually without by-products using the oxidant which is less expensive and can be handled with greater ease.

Process for the preparation of 2-aminodithiothiazoles and

A process for the production of thiuram polysulfides substituted by aliphatic, araliphatic and/or cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon radicals is disclosed. In this process, correspondingly substituted secondary amines having a pKa value of .gtoreq.8 are reacted with carbon disulfide and sulfur in a solvent at 0.degree. to 150.degree. C. in the presence of a metal-containing catalyst and oxygen or an oxygen-containing gas. By virtue of its high purity, the thiuram polysulfide obtainable in this way may be directly used for its intended purpose, for example as a vulcanization accelerator or sulfur donor. This process is particularly desirable for the substantially quantitative yields and selectivities and also for its high economy arising from the reaction being carried out in a single stage without expensive auxiliaries and from the elimination of an additional purification step.

Thiuram polysulfide production

Disclosed is a process for the ex situ presulfidation of hydrotreating catalysts employing organic sulfur compounds with a boiling point exceeding 100.degree. C. and satisfying the formula

Process for the preparation of a presulfided and sulfided catalyst

A process for the preparation of aromatic N,N'-disubstituted guanidines is described in which the corresponding aromatic N,N'-disubstituted thioureas are reacted with ammonia and oxygen or with an oxygen-containing gas, in the presence of a solvent and elements acting as catalysts having atomic numbers 21 through 30 in the Periodic Table or the lanthanides or the salts, oxides or complexes thereof.

Process for the preparation of N,N'-disubstituted guanidines

The invention relates to a process for synthesizing alkylene bisdithiocarbamates or the ammonia adducts thereof as well as mixtures that can be synthesized thereby. The starting materials are carbon disulfide, ammonia, a diamine and a metal oxide, which may be manganese(II) oxide, or the hydrate or hydroxide thereof. The metal oxide, its hydrate or hydroxide thereof is allowed to react either with a mixture syntheiszed from an alkylenediamine, carbon disulfide and ammonia in water, or with an aqueous solution of the ammonium alkylene bisdithiocarbamate. The concentration of the individual starting materials both relative to each other and to water is of prime importances as to which compounds in particular are ultimately obtained.

Process for synthesizing alkylene bisdithiocarbamates or the ammonia

A process for synthesizing ammonia complexes of zinc bisdithiocarbamates, starting from carbon disulfide, ammonia, an alkylenediamine and zinc oxide, in which an aqueous mixture of alkylenediamine, carbon disulfide and ammonia in the molar ratio of 1:2:&lt;2, i.e., not 1:2:2, as would be necessary for synthesis of the ammonium alkylene bisdithiocarbamate intermediate product, is reacted with zinc oxide.

Process for synthesizing an ammonia complex of zinc bisdithiocarbamate

This invention relates to a process for the production of benzothiazolyl sulphenamides corresponding to the following general formula: ##STR1## in which a corresponding 2-mercaptobenzothiazole or a dibenzothiazolyl-2,2'-disulphide is reacted with a primary or secondary amine at temperatures of from 0 to 100.degree. C. in the presence of ammonia, oxygen, a copper-containing catalyst and a reaction medium containing an excess of the primary or secondary amine or of a mixture of that amine with water and/or a water-miscible organic solvent. Benzothiazolyl sulphenamides are valuable vulcanization accelerators.

Process for the production of thiazolyl-2-sulphenamides

A process for the preparation of dithiazolyl disulfides by the catalytic oxidation of a 2-mercaptothiazole with ammonia and either oxygen or an oxygen-containing gas at a temperature of between 0.degree. and 150.degree. C.

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Obernburg, Germany

Ludwig Eisenhuth