University of California

Other

Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC

Lowell L Wood

Muriel Y Ishikawa

James A Viecelli

John H Nuckolls

Phillip F Pagoria

James C Fletcher

Michael Dale Perry

Brent C Stuart

Kenton J Moody

Tzu-Fang Wang

Ronald W Lougheed

E Michael Campbell

Willard F Libby

Carl A Jensen

Hollow RX-08HD cylindrical charges were loaded with boron and PTFE, in the form of low-bulk density powders or powders dispersed in a rigid foam matrix. Each charge was initiated by a Comp B booster at one end, producing a detonation wave propagating down the length of the cylinder, crushing the foam or bulk powder and collapsing the void spaces. The PdV work done in crushing the material heated it to high temperatures, expelling it in a high velocity fluid jet. In the case of boron particles supported in foam, framing camera photos, temperature measurements, and aluminum witness plates suggest that the boron was completely vaporized by the crush wave and that the boron vapor turbulently mixed with and burned in the surrounding air. In the case of PTFE powder, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of residues recovered from fragments of a granite target slab suggest that heating was sufficient to dissociate the PTFE to carbon vapor and molecular fluorine which reacted with the quartz and aluminum silicates in the granite to form aluminum oxide and mineral fluoride compounds.

Explosively driven low-density foams and powders

Disclosed herein are light metal explosives, pyrotechnics and propellants (LME&Ps) comprising a light metal component such as Li, B, Be or their hydrides or intermetallic compounds and alloys containing them and an oxidizer component containing a classic explosive, such as CL-20, or a non-explosive oxidizer, such as lithium perchlorate, or combinations thereof. LME&P formulations may have light metal particles and oxidizer particles ranging in size from 0.01 &#x3bc;m to 1000 &#x3bc;m.

Light metal explosives and propellants

A covert, gamma-ray &ldquo;signature&rdquo; is used as a &ldquo;watermark&rdquo; for property identification. This new watermarking technology is based on a unique steganographic or &ldquo;hidden writing&rdquo; digital signature, implemented in tiny quantities of gamma-ray-emitting radioisotopic material combinations, generally covertly emplaced on or within an object. This digital signature may be readily recovered at distant future times, by placing a sensitive, high energy-resolution gamma-ray detecting instrument reasonably precisely over the location of the watermark, which location may be known only to the object's owner; however, the signature is concealed from all ordinary detection means because its exceedingly low level of activity is obscured by the natural radiation background (including the gamma radiation naturally emanating from the object itself, from cosmic radiation and material surroundings, from human bodies, etc.). The &ldquo;watermark&rdquo; is used in object-tagging for establishing object identity, history or ownership. It thus may serve as an aid to law enforcement officials in identifying stolen property and prosecuting theft thereof. Highly effective, potentially very low cost identification-on demand of items of most all types is thus made possible.

Gamma watermarking

The composition analysis by scanning femtosecond ultraprobing (CASFLU) technology scans a focused train of extremely short-duration, very intense laser pulses across a sample. The partially-ionized plasma ablated by each pulse is spectrometrically analyzed in real time, determining the ablated material's composition. The steering of the scanned beam thus is computer directed to either continue ablative material-removal at the same site or to successively remove nearby material for the same type of composition analysis. This invention has utility in high-speed chemical-elemental, molecular-fragment and isotopic analyses of the microstructure composition of complex objects, e.g., the oxygen isotopic compositions of large populations of single osteons in bone.

Composition analysis by scanning femtosecond laser ultraprobing (CASFLU).

A method and apparatus for producing intense, coherent, monochromatic light from a low temperature plasma are disclosed. The apparatus includes a housing for confining a gas at subatmospheric pressure and including a set of reflectors defining an optical cavity. At least one anode and cathode are positioned within the gas. First control means control the voltage applied to the anode and second control means independently control the temperature of the cathode. The pressure of the gas is controlled by a third control means. An intense monochromatic output is achieved by confining the gas in the housing at a controlled pre-determined reduced pressure, independently controlling the temperature of the electron emitting cathode and applying a predetermined controlled low voltage to the anode. An intermediate mode current is drawn from the cathode and produces in the confined gas, a region having a high density of metastable atomic states leading to a population inversion. A low temperature, high-density plasma is continuously produced in said region leading to laser emission between said reflectors. Intense, coherent monochromatic light is emitted as a result of the recombination of ions and electrons in the plasma.

Continuous plasma laser

Growing community of inventors

Simi Valley, CA, United States of America

Lowell L Wood