Uop Lcc

Universal Oil Products Company

Louis Schmerling

Herman S Bloch

Edwin H Homeier

Joseph Levy

Carboxylic acids may be esterified by reaction with esters in the presence of a catalytic amount of a tin halide catalyst, the reaction being effected at temperatures ranging from about 0.degree. to about 150.degree. C.

Transesterification of carboxylic acids

The carbonylation of alcohols in which an alcohol is treated with carbon monoxide may be improved by the use of a heterogeneous catalyst (namely, a chlorohodium phthalocyanine catalyst) promoted by a sulfonic acid or sulfonate group (either attached to the phthalocyanine compound or to an added organic compound) and an alkyl iodide.

Carbonylation of alcohols

Olefins may be esterified by reaction with esters of saturated alcohols containing at least two carbon atoms in the presence of a catalytic amount of a tin halide catalyst, the reaction being effected at temperatures ranging from about 0.degree. to about 150.degree. C.

Transesterification of olefins

Substituent groups which are positioned on the nuclei of aromatic compounds may be removed therefrom by treating the substituted compound with hydrogen at an elevated temperature in the presence of hydrogenation catalysts and particularly transition metal oxides and sulfides.

Removal of hydroxyl-, carboxy-, or amino substituents from aromatic

Alkyl, cycloalkyl or aralkyl halides may be alkylated by treatment with an olefin in the presence of a catalyst comprising a free-radical generating compound such as an organic peroxide and also in the presence of a promoter comprising hydrogen chloride, said alkylation reaction being effected at temperatures at least as high as the decomposition temperature of the free-radical generating compound, to prepare alkylated halide-containing compounds.

Alkylation of alkyl, cycloalkyl and aralkyl halides

The desired yields of carboxylic acids which are obtained by reacting an unsaturated hydrocarbon with water and carbon monoxide in the presence of a catalyst comprising hydrogen fluoride is improved by utilizing the presence of a promoter comprising a cuprous-containing compound in the reaction mixture.

Production of carboxylic acids from unsaturated hydrocarbons in the

A process is disclosed for the production of monochloro- and aryl-substituted saturated compounds which comprises condensing an alkyl aromatic hydrocarbon containing from 1 to 10 carbon atoms in the alkyl substituent with a monochloromonoolefin possessing up to 14 carbon atoms and having the chlorine attached to one of the doubly-bonded carbon atoms in the presence of a free radical-generating catalyst.

Production of monochloro- and aryl substituted saturated compounds

Chloro-substituted saturated compounds are prepared by condensing a saturated hydrocarbon containing at least 3 carbon atoms and a hydrogen atom attached to a secondary or tertiary carbon atom or to a carbon atom which is attached to an aromatic ring with a chloromonoolefin in which the chlorine is attached to a carbon atom other than a doubly-bonded carbon atom in the presence of a free-radical generating catalyst, preferably in the presence of a promoter comprising a hydrogen chloride compound.

Production of chloro-substituted saturated compounds

Monochloro-substituted saturated compounds may be prepared by condensing a saturated compound such as cycloalkyl hydrocarbon with a chloromonoolefin possessing not more than 4 carbon atoms and having the chlorine atom attached to one of the doubly-bonded carbon atoms in the presence of a free radical-generating catalyst and a promoter comprising a hydrogen chloride compound.

Production of monochloro-substituted saturated compounds

Olefins, and particularly olefinic hydrocarbons, may be converted to esters by treating the olefin with a carboxylic acid in the presence of a catalyst comprising the product resulting from the reaction of a tin halide with a carboxylic acid, the conversion taking place at temperatures ranging from ambient to about 150.degree. C.

Conversion of olefins to esters

Cycloalkenic compounds containing a side-chain which possesses a halogenated acetylenic linkage may be prepared by dehydrochlorinating a cycloalkenic compound containing a chloro-substituted unsaturated substituent.

Cycloalkenynes and a method for the preparation thereof

Novel flame retardant compositions of matter are exemplified by compositions of matter comprising a polymer and a poly(polyhalonorbornenylalkyl)benzene. These compositions of matter are exemplified by polyethylene and 1,4-bis(1,3,4,5,6,7,7-heptachloro-5-norbornen-2-ylmethyl)benzene.

Novel flame retardant compositions of matter

Haloalkyl esters are prepared by reacting a saturated cyclic ether with a carboxylic acid or anhydride thereof and a hydrogen halide or hydrohalic acid in the presence of a Friedel-Crafts catalyst.

Preparation of haloalkyl esters

Haloalkyl esters are prepared by converting a saturated cyclic ether to the desired product by reaction of said ether with a carboxylic acid and a hydrogen halide.

Polychloroalkenyl aromatic compounds as exemplified by (1,3-dichloroallyl)benzene are prepared by the condensation of chloroalkyl aromatic compounds such as benzyl chloride with polychloroalkene compounds characterized by the presence of at least one chlorine atom on each of the doubly-bonded carbon atoms in the presence of a free radical-generating compound and a hydrogen chloride compound to produce the desired product.

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Riverside, IL, United States of America

Louis Schmerling