Eastman-kodak Company

Louis J Gerenser

Jeremy M Grace

Janglin Chen

David A Glocker

Kurt DeLance Sieber

Dennis R Freeman

Richard Allen Castle

Edgar E Riecke

Michael J Heinsler

Christine Joanne Landry-Coltrain

Wayne A Bowman

David M Teegarden

Elizabeth G Burns

Robert G Spahn

Mark M Romach

Hengzhong K Zhuang

An apparatus for treating paper web materials with a plasma, said apparatus comprising a dark space generated by a treatment electrode in a treatment zone. There is a counter electrode having a surface area in said treatment zone which is not greater than a surface area of said counter electrode. A power supply is included for driving either said treatment electrode or said counter electrode with an oscillating high voltage at a frequency less than about 2 MHz and greater than 1/t where t is the charging time of a web surface exposed to a rms ion current in the plasma.

High-efficiency plasma treatment of paper

A method and apparatus are taught for treating paper webs for obtaining the proper surface characteristics to promote adhesion of nonphotosensitive coating materials and/or layers typically coated thereon. The web is passed through a high-voltage sheath region or dark space of the plasma generated by a powered electrode residing in a discharge zone. The frequency of the driving voltage must be above a lower bound dictated by the properties of the paper support and the plasma, and it must be below an upper bound beyond which the sheath voltages drop significantly and it is observed that the benefits of this approach diminish. The dark space is generated by a treatment electrode in a treatment zone. There is a counter electrode having a surface area in said treatment zone which is at least as great as the surface area of the treatment electrode. A power supply is included for driving the treatment electrode with an oscillating high voltage at a frequency less than about 2 MHz and greater than 1/t where t is the charging time of a web surface exposed to a rms ion current in the plasma.

A method and apparatus are taught for treating polyolefin containing or polyolefin-coated webs or laminates for obtaining the proper surface characteristics to promote adhesion of photosensitive coating materials and/or layers typically coated thereon. The web is passed through a high-voltage sheath region or dark space of the plasma generated by a powered electrode residing in a discharge zone. The frequency of the driving voltage must be above a lower bound dictated by the properties of the paper support and the plasma, and it must be below an upper bound beyond which the sheath voltages drop significantly and it is observed that the benefits of this approach diminish. The dark space is generated by a treatment electrode in a treatment zone. There is a counter electrode having a surface area in said treatment zone which is at least as great as the surface area of the treatment electrode. A power supply is included for driving the treatment electrode with an oscillating high voltage at a frequency less than about 2 MHz and greater than 1/t where t is the charging time of a web surface exposed to a rms ion current in the plasma.

High-efficiency plasma treatment of polyolefins

An imaging support element comprising a polymeric film support and a thermally stable single subbing layer is made by forming a coating over the polymeric film support, the coating having a surface including amine reactive groups in a density of at least 10,per cm,and then heat treating the polymeric film support with the coating thereon at a temperature in the range of from about 50&deg; C. below the glass transition temperature (T,) of the polymeric support up to the glass transition temperature (T,) of the polymeric support. The polymeric film support is nitrogen plasma treated. The layer is preferably formed by coating a monomer solution on the nitrogen plasma treated polymer support wherein the coated monomer has at least two vinyl sulfone groups which provide the amine reactive groups. Alternatively, the layer may be formed by applying to the polymeric support web a coating including at least one non-amine reactive comonomer and at least one comonomer having amine reactive side groups.

Method for forming an improved imaging support element and element formed therewith

An imaging support element comprising a polymeric film support and a thermally stable single subbing layer is made by forming a coating over the polymeric film support, the coating having a surface including amine reactive groups in a density of at least 10,per cm,and then heat treating the polymeric film support with the coating thereon at a temperature in the range of from about 50&deg; C. below the glass transition temperature (T,) of the polymeric support up to the glass transition temperature (T,) of the polymeric support. The polymeric film support is nitrogen plasma treated. The layer is formed by applying to the polymeric support web a coating including at least one non-amine reactive comonomer and at least one comonomer having amine reactive side groups.

Method for forming an improved imaging support element including amine reactive side groups and element formed therewith

A method and apparatus are taught for treating polymer webs for obtaining the proper surface characteristics to promote adhesion of photosensitive coating materials and/or layers typically coated thereon. The web is passed through a high-voltage sheath region or dark space of the plasma generated by a powered electrode residing in a discharge zone. The frequency of the driving voltage must be above a lower bound dictated by the properties of the polymer support and the plasma, and it must be below an upper bound beyond which the sheath voltages drop significantly and it is observed that the benefits of this approach diminish. The dark space is generated by a treatment electrode in a treatment zone. There is a counter electrode having a surface area in said treatment zone which is at least as great as the surface area of the treatment electrode. A power supply is included for driving the treatment electrode with an oscillating high voltage at a frequency less than about 2 MHz and greater than 1/t.sub.c where t.sub.c is the charging time of a web surface exposed to a rms ion current in the plasma.

High-efficiency plasma treatment of imaging supports

The present invention comprises a polyester film support in which the surface has been subjected to an energetic treatment with nitrogen plasma to produce amine groups on the polyester surface. The treated surface is then coated with a dilute solution of amine reactive hardener and gelatin. After drying the hardener/gelatin coated support a photographic emulsion is coated on the surface. The resulting film element has excellent adhesion of the photographic emulsion after photoprocessing, and it is safer to coat and handle than previously known methods involving grafting of hardener directly to the support.

Molecular grafting of hardener/gelatin blends to energetically treated

The present invention is a biaxially oriented polyester film support in which the surface has been subjected to an energetic treatment to produce amine groups on the polyester surface. The treated surface is then coated with a dilute amine reactive hardener solution. After drying the hardener solution a photographic emulsion is coated to the surface. The resulting film element has better adhesion of the photographic emulsion after photoprocessing than previous known methods.

Molecular grafting to energetically treated polyesters to promote

The present invention is a polyester film base which has a surface approximately 5 nm thick. The surface of the film base has been altered to include about 6 to 15 atomic percent nitrogen in the form of imines, secondary amines and primary amines in the ratio of about 1:1:2. The invention also includes a film base whose surface includes oxygen in the form of hydroxyl, ether, epoxy, carbonyl or carboxyl groups wherein the oxygen is about 4 to 10 atomic percent above the original surface content of the base. The polyester film base can be either polyethylene terephthalate or polyethylene naphthalate.

Photographic element containing a nitrogen glow-discharge treated

Use of glow discharge treatment to promote adhesion of aqueous coatings

Photographic element having a polyester substrate with an oxygen

Use of glow discharge treatment to promote adhesion of aqueous coats to

A method is disclosed for producing Ag/Ni composite ion selective electrode on polymer substrates. By utilizing a nitrogen glow discharge pretreatment of the polymer substrate, silver may be deposited directly thereon. Further, because of the glow discharge pretreatment, aging of the silver layer prior to nickel deposition and bleaching operation is not necessary.

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Webster, NY, United States of America

Louis J Gerenser