Robert Boschgmbh

Lothar Weber

Ulrich Eisele

Helmut Sautter

Karl-Hermann Friese

Thomas Brinz

Rainer Schink

Dorothee Kling

Ernst Linder

Helmut Weyl

Helmut Maurer

Werner Gruenwald

Harald Neumann

Leo Steinke

Gert Lindemann

Rudolf Pollner

Kurt Schmid

Irene Jennrich

Klaus-Michael Mayer

Ralf Haug

Hans-Ulrich Gruber

Hermann Fischer

Andreas Niegel

Rainer Noack

Wolfgang Heinemann

Monika Lorkowski

Gunter Knoll

Jutta Heinz

Jutta Heinz Geb Belgardt

Birgit Pitz

Ruediger Nass

A spark plug having an electrode connected via a terminal stud to an ignition lead and having a resistor arranged between the electrode and the ignition lead, the resistor having increased temperature resistance.

Spark plug having a particular resistor

To provide a substrate enclosed in a uniform nucleation layer, a substrate is nucleated with a noble metal salt where the noble metal salt is chemically bound to the substrate, and a method is described for binding a noble metal salt chemically to a substrate. To provide a metal plated powder, a powder is nucleated with a noble metal salt and the nucleation is coated with a metal layer. A method is also provided for nucleating the powder surface with a noble metal salt in such a manner that it is chemically bound to the substrate and then metal plated by a conventional electroless method.

Substrates seeded with precious metal salts, process for producing the same and their use

Ceramic powder having a surface that has been rendered hydrophobic as

Ceramic layer systems, particularly for gas sensors

Process for the currentless metallization of electrically non-conductive

Spark plug for internal combustion engines

A method of planarizing trench-like structures, particularly on semiconductor substrates, by filling in the trench-like structures. For this purpose, a pre-polymer is selectively filled into the trench-like structures, is hardened and is then expanded.

Method of planarizing trench structures

A pigment is mixed with an epoxy resin or varnish binder in a weight ratio from 5:1 to 6:1 to make a paste, which is then applied as a thin layer by screen printing on top of the counterelectrode layer previously baked onto a metal substrate. In another baking step the new layer for producing a reflective coating is heated to between 120.degree. and 180.degree. C., in which temperature range the binder produces small bubbles before hardening, so that the layer that is produced is permeable to ions when the layer becomes soaked with electrolyte in the assembled electrochromic device. The metal substrate is shaped by drawing to provide the electrolyte cavity after the application of the counterelectrode and the reflecting background layer thereon, since the deformation does not damage either of these layers.

Electrochromic indicator device with reflecting background

A screen-printing paste containing Cu.sub.2 O or NiO and preferably aluminum oxide or, more preferably, an aluminum compound such as aluminum acetylacetonate which forms aluminum oxide under calcination heat, is printed over an entire surface of a substrate consisting of aluminum oxide ceramic, after which it is calcined in air at from 800.degree. to 1350.degree. C. to produce an adhesion-promoting spinel layer. That layer is then metallized by plating in an electroless bath for deposition of copper or nickel, as the case may be, after which the metal layer thus deposited is reinforced galvanically. A positive photoresist layer can be applied to the electroless deposited copper or nickel layer, illuminated through an appropriate mask and developed to expose a desired pattern of the underlying electroless copper layer for galvanic reinforcement, so that after removal of the unexposed portion of the mask the unreinforced electroless layer can be removed by etching without impairment of the reinforced conducting pattern.

Process for producing adherent, electrochemically reinforcible and

The counterelectrode (16) of an electrochromic indicator device is made of a paste of activated carbon and an organic binder baked on a metal plate (15). The shape of the metal plate can be dished after the layer is baked on without damage. Activated carbon in the counterelectrode, operating with the usual electrolyte and a transition metal oxide electrochromic electrode, makes possible a high-charge density from migration of ions with the application of very small voltages. The electrochromic effect can be extinguished simply by a short-circuit, especially if polyvinyl alcohol is provided as a supplementary binder by dipping the baked counterelectrode therein and baking again, and even more so if the activated carbon paste contains finely divided gold from decomposition of a gold compound during baking. The counterelectrode layer can be applied by screen printing.

Counterelectrode for an electrochromic indicating device

To improve operation and output voltage, particularly at 400.degree. C. and less, an oxygen sensor, especially adapted to determine oxygen content of automotive exhaust gases, is constructed by utilizing two electrodes applied on a body of stabilized zirconium dioxide, for example a closed tube, by making an electrode exposed to the exhaust gases in form of a mixture of finely dispersed ceramic material and a platinum-rhodium alloy, the ceramic material being present at about 40% (by volume) and 60% (by volume) platinum-rhodium alloy of 50-94% platinum and 50-6% rhodium (by weight). The second electrode, exposed to a reference gas comprises an alloy of palladium and another noble metal in a ratio of about 19-90% (by weight) Pd and 81-10% (by weight) noble metal. This electrode may also contain up to 40% (by volume) finely dispersed ceramic material. The electrode exposed to the exhaust gases is covered with a porous coating. The electrodes can be applied as aqueous or organic solutions of soluble noble metal compounds or suspensions, colloidal suspensions, with organic solvents, and the like, and subsequent sintering.

Oxygen content exhaust gas sensor, and method of its manufacture

Growing community of inventors

Stuttgart, Germany

Lothar Weber