Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien

Cognis Deutschland Gmbh & Co. Kg

Kao Corporation

Lothar Friesenhagen

Guenther Demmering

Stephan Heck

Gerrit Pelzer

Norbert Klein

Herbert Lepper

Christian Pelzer

Ansgar Behler

Bernhard Gutsche

Alfred Westfechtel

Thomas Markert

Ingo Wegener

Norbert Huebner

Eberhard Peukert

Michael Koehler

Roland Hourticolon

Horst-Dieter Komp

C William Blewett

Hans-Peter Kubersky

Albrecht Schwerin

Udo Kreutzer

Leonhard Wittich

Juergen Latzel

Hans-Juergen Sladek

Hans Peter Kubersky

Friedrich Hommers

Markus Schneider

Hans-Guenther Richard

Thomas B Downing

Steven A Kennedy

Alkyl-substituted butenols having the formula (I):R&#x2014;CH&#x2014;CH&#x2550;CR&#x2014;CHOH &#x2003;&#x2003;(I)wherein Ris a saturated or olefinically unsaturated alkyl or cycloalkyl group having from 4 to 16 carbon atoms and wherein Ris optionally substituted by an alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or alkaryl having up to 12 carbon atoms; Ris hydrogen or an alkyl group having from 1 to about 6 carbon atoms are produced by a process which comprises: (1) reacting an aldehyde of the formula (II):R&#x2014;CH&#x2014;CHO &#x2003;&#x2003;(II)wherein Rhas the same meaning as in formula (I), with the corresponding lower aldehyde to form an unsaturated aldehyde in an inert organic solvent; (2) continuously contacting an optionally calcined copper/zinc catalyst with the unsaturated aldehyde under isothermal conditions at temperatures of from about 45 to about 60&#xb0; C. and under a hydrogen pressure of from 1 to about 300 bar.

Method for producing alkyl-substituted butenols

A process for making aldehydes involving: (a) providing a fatty alcohol; (b) providing an oxidic copper/zinc catalyst; and (c) continuously dehydrogenating the fatty alcohol, in the presence of the oxidic copper/zinc catalyst, at a temperature of from about 200 to 280&#xb0; C. and a pressure of from about 10 mbar to 1 bar.

Method for producing aldehydes

Oxidic catalysts containing 20 to 25% by weight of aluminum and 40 to 50% by weight of zinc which are suitable for the production of unsaturated fatty alcohols containing 8 to 22 carbon atoms by hydrogenation of unsaturated fatty acids, fatty acid lower alkyl esters or unsaturated fatty acid glycerides are disclosed. A process for the production of the oxidic aluminum/zinc catalysts is also disclosed.

Oxidic aluminum/zinc catalysts and a process of producing unsaturated fatty alcohols

Naturally occurring fats, oils and fatty derivatives are continuously hydrogenated to fatty alcohols in a fixed-bed reactor in the presence of hydrogen in excess and hydrogenation catalysts under static pressures of 50 to 300 bar and at temperatures of 160 to 320&deg; C. The liquid product is cooled and the excess hydrogen is returned to the reactor entrance by a gas circulation pump as a recycle gas after separation of the liquid product. The expense involved in cooling and reheating the recycle gas is eliminated without any reduction in the quality of the fatty alcohol produced providing the recycle gas is returned to the reactor entrance without reheating and the hydrogenation reaction is carried out under static pressures of at least 200 bar.

Process for the production of fatty alcohols

A process for making branched, substantially unsaturated fatty alcohols involving: (a) providing a C fatty acid; (b) dimerizing the C fatty acid to form a monomer fraction containing branched, substantially unsaturated fatty acids; (c) removing the monomer fraction; (d) esterifying the branched, substantially unsaturated fatty acids contained in the monomer fraction into branched, substantially unsaturated fatty acid methyl esters; and (e) hydrogenating the branched, substantially unsaturated fatty acid methyl esters with their double bonds intact, to form the branched, substantially unsaturated fatty alcohols.

Process for making branched, substantially unsaturated fatty alcohols

A process for the production of fatty acid lower alkyl esters comprising the steps of: A) treating at least one fatty acid ester of glycerol with from about 0.3 to about 3% by weight, based on the weight of ester, of an acid at an elevated temperature; B) removing said acid from the treated fatty acid ester; and C) reacting the treated fatty acid ester with at least one lower aliphatic alcohol to transesterify the fatty acid ester.

Process for the production of fatty acid lower alkyl esters

Release agents for hydraulic binders

C.sub.8-22 fatty alcohols are produced by a process which comprises contacting a triglyceride with hydrogen in the presence of a copper-zinc catalyst and in a reaction zone. The hydrogen pressure in the reaction zone is from about 200 to about 280 bar, the temperature of the entrance of the reaction zone is from about 200.degree. C. to about 230.degree. C., and the temperature of the exit of the reaction zone is from about 190.degree. C. to about 220.degree. C. The amount of 1,2-propanediol formed is optimized by the lower temperature of the exit portion of the reaction zone.

Fatty acid alkyl esters are produced by catalytic transesterification of natural fats and oils containing free fatty acids. In a preliminary esterifying step, the free fatty acids present are reacted with a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkanol (e.g., methanol) in the presence of an acidic esterification catalyst, at a temperature of about 50.degree. to 120.degree. C. and at substantially atmospheric pressure. The resulting reaction mixture is allowed to separate into two phases: (1) an alcohol phase containing the acidic esterification catalyst and part of the water of reaction and (2) an oil phase. These phases separately recovered. The oil phase is then extracted with an immiscible extractant, preferably comprising a mixture of glycerol and methanol, to remove residual water of reaction. In the final step the extracted oil phase is transesterified with a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkanol, e.g. methanol, in the presence of an aklali catalyst and at substantially atmospheric pressure.

Process for the production of fatty acid alkyl esters

For the production of fatty acid esters of short-chain, aliphatic alcohols by the catalytic transesterification of natural fats and/or oils containing free fatty acids (oil phase) with the corresponding monoalcohols, the oil phase is subjected to preliminary esterification with the monoalcohols in the presence of acidic esterification catalysts at temperatures no higher than 120.degree. C. and under pressures no higher than 5 bars and in the presence of a liquid entraining agent substantially immiscible with the oil phase, after which the reaction product is separated into an entraining agent phase containing the acidic catalyst and water of reaction and the treated oil phase, the oil phase is then subjected to transesterification while the acidic catalyst-containing entraining agent phase is returned, after at least partial drying, to the preliminary esterification stage. By this process, fats and/or oils with acid numbers of up to 60 can be processed in the preliminary esterification stage to give an oil phase having a low acid number.

Process for the production of fatty acid esters of short-chain aliphatic

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Duesseldorf, Germany

Lothar Friesenhagen