Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center

Cornell University

Other

The United States of America, as Represented by the Secretary, Department of Health and Human Services

Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research

Lorenz Studer

Stuart Chambers

Sonja Kriks

Bastian Zimmer

Asif M Maroof

Jae-Won Shim

Ron McKay

Mark Tomishima

Zehra Dincer

Stefan Irion

Jason Tchieu

Stewart A Anderson

Barbara J Wold

John Comstock Doyle

Marie E Csete

Nadja Zeltner

Daniela Cornacchia

Gustav Cederquist

Faranak Fattahi

Justine D Miller

Yuchen Qi

Stewart Anderson

Yvonne Marissa Mica

Stuart M Chambers

Sturat M Chambers

Provided are cortical interneurons and other neuronal cells and in vitro methods for producing such cortical interneurons and other neuronal cells by the directed differentiation of stem cells and neuronal progenitor cells. The present disclosure relates to novel methods of in vitro differentiation of stem cells and neural progenitor cells to produce several type neuronal cells and their precursor cells, including cortical interneurons, hypothalamic neurons and pre-optic cholinergic neurons. The present disclosure describes the derivation of these cells via inhibiting SMAD and Wnt signaling pathways and activating SHH signaling pathway. The present disclosure relates to the novel discovery that the timing and duration of SHH activation can be harnessed to direct controlled differentiation of neural progenitor cells into either cortical interneurons, hypothalamic neurons or pre-optic cholinergic neurons. The present disclosure also relates to compositions of cortical interneurons, hypothalamic neurons or pre-optic cholinergic neurons, and their precursors, that are highly enriched and can be used in variety of application. These cells can be used therapeutically to treat neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders, and can be used for disease modeling and drug screening.

Cortical interneurons and other neuronal cells produced by the directed differentiation of pluripotent and multipotent cells

The present disclosure relates to methods and compositions for generating topographically organized tissues in vitro, for the resulting cultured tissue and components thereof, and for uses of such cultured tissue and its components in drug discovery, toxicology studies, and therapy.

Establishing topographic organization in three-dimensional tissue culture

The presently disclosed subject matter provides for in vitro methods of inducing differentiation of stem cells into enteric neural crest lineage cells, and enteric neural crest lineage cells by such methods. The presently disclosed subject matter also provides for uses of such enteric neural crest lineage cells for preventing and/or treating enteric nervous system disorders (e.g, Hirschsprung's disease), and for screening compounds suitable for preventing and/or treating enteric nervous system disorders (e.g., Hirschsprung's disease).

Cell-based treatment and drug discovery in Hirschsprung's disease enabled by pluripotent stem cell-derived human enteric neural crest lineages

The presently disclosed subject matter provides for in vitro methods of inducing differentiation of human stem cells into midbrain dopamine neurons, and precursors thereof, and cells generated by such methods. The presently disclosed subject matter also provides for uses of such cells for treating neurodegenerative disorders.

Methods of in vitro differentiation of midbrain dopamine (mDA) neurons

The present invention relates to the field of stem cell biology, in particular the lineage specific differentiation of pluripotent or multipotent stem cells, which can include, but is not limited to, human embryonic stem cells (hESC) in addition to nonembryonic human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC), somatic stem cells, stem cells from patients with a disease, or any other cell capable of lineage specific differentiation. Specifically described are methods to direct the lineage specific differentiation of hESC and/or hiPSC into floor plate midbrain progenitor cells and then further into large populations of midbrain fate FOXA2LMX1ATHdopamine (DA) neurons using novel culture conditions. The midbrain fate FOXA2LMX1ATHdopamine (DA) neurons made using the methods of the present invention are further contemplated for various uses including, but not limited to, use in in vitro drug discovery assays, neurology research, and as a therapeutic to reverse disease of, or damage to, a lack of dopamine neurons in a patient. Further, compositions and methods are provided for differentiating midbrain fate FOXA2LMX1ATHdopamine (DA) neurons from human pluripotent stem cells for use in disease modeling, in particular Parkinson's disease. Additionally, authentic DA neurons are enriched for markers, such as CD142, and A9 type neuronal cells.

Midbrain dopamine (DA) neurons for engraftment

The presently disclosed subject matter provides for in vitro methods of inducing differentiation of human stem cells into neural crest, cranial placode or non-neuro ectoderm precursors, and cells generated by such methods. The presently disclosed subject matter also provides for uses of such cells for treating neurodegenerative and pituitary disorders.

Methods of differentiating stem cell-derived ectodermal lineage precursors

Disclosed herein are methods and compositions for identifying transcriptional and epigenetic age-related markers. Disclosed herein are also methods and compositions for reprogramming cell age by modulating transcriptional and epigenetic age-related markers identified herein. The identified transcriptional and epigenetic age-related markers can also be used for measuring cellular age in a cell or tissue.

Reprogramming cell aging

Provided are cortical interneurons and other neuronal cells and in vitro methods for producing such cortical interneurons and other neuronal cells by the directed differentiation of stem cells and neuronal progenitor cells. The present disclosure relates to novel methods of in vitro differentiation of stem cells and neural progenitor cells to produce several type neuronal cells and their precursor cells, including cortical interneurons, hypothalamic neurons and pre-optic cholinergic neurons. The present disclose describes the derivation of these cells via inhibiting SMAD and Wnt signaling pathways and activating SHH signaling pathway. The present disclosure relates to the novel discovery that the timing and duration of SHH activation can be harnessed to direct controlled differentiation of neural progenitor cells into either cortical interneurons, hypothalamic neurons or pre-optic cholinergic neurons. The present disclosure also relates to compositions of cortical interneurons, hypothalamic neurons or pre-optic cholinergic neurons, and their precursors, that are highly enriched and can be used in variety of application. These cells can be used therapeutically to treat neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders, and can be used for disease modeling and drug screening.

Cranial placodes are embryonic structures essential for sensory and endocrine organ development. The efficient derivation of cranial placodes from human pluripotent stem cells is disclosed where the timed removal of the BMP inhibitor Noggin, a component of the dual-SMAD inhibition strategy of neural induction, triggers placode induction at the expense of CNS fates. Further fate specification at the pre-placode stage enables the selective generation of placode-derived trigeminal ganglia capable of in vivo engraftment, mature lens fibers and anterior pituitary hormone-producing cells that upon transplantation produce hormones including, but not limited to, human growth hormone and adrenocortiocotropic hormone in vivo. Alternatively, anterior pituitary hormone-producing cells are generated in cell culture systems in vitro.

Specification of functional cranial placode derivatives from human pluripotent stem cells

The present invention relates generally to the field of cell biology of stem cells, more specifically the directed differentiation of pluripotent or multipotent stem cells, including human embryonic stem cells (hESC), somatic stem cells, and induced human pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC) using novel culture conditions. Specifically, methods are provided for obtaining neural tissue, floor plate cells, and placode including induction of neural plate development in hESCs for obtaining midbrain dopamine (DA) neurons, motor neurons, and sensory neurons. Further, neural plate tissue obtained using methods of the present inventions are contemplated for use in co-cultures with other tissues as inducers for shifting differentiation pathways, i.e. patterning.

Methods for neural conversion of human embryonic stem cells

The presently disclosed subject matter provides for in vitro methods of inducing differentiation of stem cells (e.g., human stem cells) into proprioceptors, proprioceptors generated by such methods, and compositions comprising such proprioceptors. The presently disclosed subject matter also provides for uses of such proprioceptors for preventing and/or treating disorders of proprioceptor neurons and/or neurodegenerative disorders (e.g., Friedreich's Ataxia).

Methods of differentiating stem cell-derived proprioceptors

Methods of in vitro differentiation of midbrain dopamine (MPA) neurons

The present invention relates generally to the field of cell biology of stem cells, more specifically the directed differentiation of pluripotent or multipotent stem cells, including human embryonic stem cells (hESC), somatic stem cells, and induced human pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC) using novel culture conditions. Specifically, methods are provided for obtaining neural tissue, floor plate cells, and placode including induction of neural plate development in hESCs for obtaining midbrain dopamine (DA) neurons, motorneurons, and sensory neurons. Further, neural plate tissue obtained using methods of the present inventions are contemplated for use in co-cultures with other tissues as inducers for shifting differentiation pathways, i.e. patterning.

Growing community of inventors

New York, NY, United States of America

Lorenz Studer