Nanogen, Inc.

Nanogen/becton Dickinson Partnership

Lorelei P Westin

Carl Frederick Edman

Michael I Nerenberg

Eugene Tu

Michael James Heller

John J Carrino

Christian Gurtner

Geoffrey C Landis

Paul David Swanson

Ronald George Sosnowski

Daniel D Smolko

Ed Sheldon

Prashant P Mehta

Lana L Feng

Kenneth A Bloch

Manuel Jimenez

This invention pertains to the design, fabrication, and uses of an electronic system which can actively carry out and control multi-step and multiplex reactions in macroscopic or microscopic formats. In particular, these reactions include molecular biological reactions, such as nucleic acid hybridizations, nucleic acid amplification, sample preparation, antibody/antigen reactions, clinical diagnostics, combinatorial chemistry and selection, drug screening, oligonucleotide and nucleic acid synthesis, peptide synthesis, biopolymer synthesis, and catalytic reactions. A key feature of the present invention is the ability to control the localized concentration of two or more reaction-dependant molecules and their reaction environment in order to greatly enhance the rate and specificity of the molecular biological reaction.

Electronic systems and component devices for macroscopic and microscopic molecular biological reaction, analyses, and diagnostics

This invention pertains to the design, fabrication, and uses of an electronic system which can actively carry out and control multi-step and multiplex reactions in macroscopic or microscopic formats. In particular, these reactions include molecular biological reactions, such as nucleic acid hybridizations, nucleic acid amplification, sample preparation, antibody/antigen reactions, clinical diagnostics, combinatorial chemistry and selection, drug screening, oligonucleotide and nucleic acid synthesis, peptide synthesis, biopolymer synthesis and catalytic reactions. A key feature of the present invention is the ability to control the localized concentration of two or more reaction-dependant molecules and their reaction environment in order to greatly enhance the rate and specificity of the molecular biological reaction.

Electronic systems and component devices for macroscopic and microscopic molecular biological reactions, analyses and diagnostics

A method for amplifying nucleic acids is provided wherein detection of amplified species is enhanced by the use of asymmetric amplification. Such amplification is made asymmetric by using divergent ratios of amplification primers or by using non-extending and/or non-cleavable amplification primers. Detection of the amplicons is improved because maintenance of single stranded species of amplicons during amplification facilitates their direct capture by immobilized probes without having to include denaturing steps.

Multiplex amplification and separation of nucleic acid sequences on a bioelectronic microchip using asymmetric structures

Methods and compositions of matter are provided for the strand displacement amplification of target nucleic acids of interest using primer pair sets that are anchored to electronically addressable capture sites on a microarray. The primer pair sets may be individually bound to the capture sites or may comprise a unique branched primer pair moiety. The anchored primers allow for the simultaneous multiplex capture, amplification and detection of a target nucleic acid derived from any sample source.

Anchored strand displacement amplification on an electronically addressable microchip

This invention provides an apparatus and method for desalting a low volume solution for use in connection with an electronically addressable microarray. The apparatus comprises a tubular molecular weight cut-off membrane embedded within a ion exchange resin filled chamber. The apparatus provides a very high surface to volume ratio of membrane pore surface to exchange resin capacity for absorbing charged molecules. The design facilitates the speedy removal of charged molecules from test solutions with the resultant desalted solution having a very low ionic strength suitable for use in the electronic transport of nucleic acids, proteins, and cells.

Apparatus and method for removing small molecules and ions from low volume biological samples

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La Mesa, CA, United States of America

Lorelei P Westin