Lucent Technologies Inc.

Advanced Laser & Fusion Technology

Liyan Zhang

Kwang S Kim

Steven K Korotky

James W Sulhoff

Atul Kumar Srivastava

Yan Sun

Emilio Panarella

Virendra S Shah

Neil Allan Jackman

Eric S Tentarelli

Stephen Drew

John M Hitchcock

Jacob Eich

Niraj Agrawal

Albert Philippe

In a telecommunications network, such as an optical mesh network, satisfying a demand from a start node to an end node, the network is automatically provisioned from a service path to a restoration path after a failure occurs in the service path. Each affected node in the network eventually receives an indication of the occurrence of the failure in the service path. If the node is an intermediate node of the service path, then the node transmits a failure message to its next node along the service path. If the node is the end node of the service path, then the node transmits a restore message to its previous node along the restoration path. If the node is an intermediate node of the restoration path, then the node transmits a restore message to its previous node along the restoration path. In addition, the node reconfigures its cross-connect for the transition from the service path to the restoration path.

Network auto-provisioning and distributed restoration

A method of modeling erbium doped fiber (&ldquo;EDF&rdquo;) for use in erbium doped fiber amplifiers (&ldquo;EDFA&rdquo;). The EDF has a length and a fractional population density of erbium ions in an excited state. Since the EDF supports N channels, the power propagation along the EDF is characterized by N&plus;1 differential equations as a function of the direction of propagation, z, of the channels along the length l of the EDF and the time t. By applying an average inversion model to a spatially averaged inversion level of the erbium ions in the fiber, the N&plus;1 partial differential equations are reduced to a single ordinary differential equation. This allows an analytical solution at the boundary and initial conditions of the fiber so that an expression for the power of the signal propagating along the fiber can be obtained. With this expression, the single equation can be solved analytically for the inversion level at any point along the EDF.

Methods of modeling erbium doped fiber amplifiers

A wavelength conversion apparatus and method uses four wave mixing of a first wavelength and a control wavelength in an optical fiber to convert the first wavelength to a desired wavelength. Four wave mixing is produced by operating the optical fiber at a predetermined input power density and by using a fiber length which provides substantial Raman gain. The first wavelength is converted to a higher wavelength by using the higher wavelength four wave mixing signal and converted to a lower wavelength by using the lower wavelength four wave mixing signal.

Optical wavelength conversion using four wave mixing in fiber

A chromatic dispersion measurement technique for optical components using baseband amplitude response of RF modulated optical signals and a dispersion reference in providing a measurement both of the magnitude of the dispersion and whether the dispersion is positive or negative.

Chromatic dispersion measurement for optical components

In an electrode combination for a radiation head for the generation of electromagnetic radiation comprising an anode means having a tip end component and a cathode means, the tip end component comprising a material able to facilitate, in response to a predetermined pulse voltage applied between the anode means and cathode means, the generation of electromagnetic radiation, the improvement wherein the electrode combination comprises a trigger electrode, the tip end component, the cathode means and the trigger electrode being spaced apart from each other by a respective predetermined distance.

Radiation E.G. X-ray pulse generator mechanisms

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Middletown, NJ, United States of America

Liyan Zhang