USA As Represented by Secretary of the Navy

Leopold J Johnson

Russell E Hammond

Joseph F McCartney

Thomas E Jones

Edward F Rynne, Jr

David L Carson

A voltage controlled variable inductor provides a rapidly variable inducte for high power frequency dependent circuit applications. Continuously variable inductance values having a high Q factor are obtainable with the application of only a minimal amount of control power.

Voltage controlled variable inductor

The present invention provides a transformer which uses bi-directional syronous rectification to transform the voltage of an input signal from one voltage level to another. The invention provides a transformer which requires less core volume, and hence mass, than conventional transformers, and includes a rectifier for transforming a first time varying input signal, such as a sinusoid or saw tooth signal, into a full-wave rectified voltage signal. A synchronous switch control generates first and second control signals in response to sampling the first time varying voltage signal. A floating drive buffer generates third control signals in response to receiving the second control signals. An AC switching stage transforms the full-wave rectified voltage signal into a first and second series of voltage pulses in response to receiving the first control signals. Each of the first and second series of voltage pulses has a pulse period, T, and a pulse width, .omega.. The first and second series of voltage pulses have amplitudes generally corresponding to the amplitude of the first time varying voltage signal. In response to receiving the second control signals, a bi-directional synchronous rectifier transforms the first and second series of voltage pulses into a third series of voltage pulses having time varying amplitudes generally corresponding to the amplitude of the first time varying voltage signal, a pulse period T/2, and a pulse width, .omega.. A low pass smoothing filter transforms the third series of voltage pulses into a second time varying analog voltage signal.

Transformer which uses bi-directional synchronous rectification to

A superconducting transformer comprises a superconducting primary layer arranged to conduct an externally supplied primary electric current around a primary core to establish a magnetic flux through the primary core. The superconducting primary layer is formed on a primary substrate of electrically insulating, non-magnetic material. A superconducting secondary layer is arranged to conduct a secondary electric current around a secondary core. The superconducting secondary layer is formed on a secondary substrate of electrically insulating, non-magnetic material. The primary and secondary cores are made of a non-saturating material. The secondary electric current is generated by stacking the layers to couple the magnetic flux from the primary core to the secondary core. Superconducting vias are formed through the primary, isolation, and secondary layers for making external connections to the transformer. The superconducting transformer may be enclosed within a capacitor shield comprising an insulating layer, an inner superconducting layer, a dielectric layer, and an outer superconducting layer. The inner and outer superconducting layers form a capacitor which may be connected in parallel with the primary layer by the superconducting vias. The capacitor shield isolates external components from the electromagnetic field of the superconducting transformer, and provides a capacitive reactance substantially equal to the inductive reactance of the primary layer for correcting the power factor of the superconducting transformer. Electrical connections are formed through the capacitor shield for making external connections to the superconducting transformer.

High power factor shielded superconducting transformer

A dielectric power transformer comprises a tuning inductor having a nonmatic core connected in parallel with a capacitive voltage divider. The dielectric power transformer transforms the voltage of an alternating current power source connected across the inductor into a voltage across a load connected to the capacitive voltage divider. The dielectric power transformer has a resonant frequency substantially equal to the frequency of the power source.

Dielectric transformer

A current controlled variable inductor comprises a magnetically saturable E' core having outer limbs each joined to a center limb by connecting limbs. A staggered series of flux bridges and air gaps are formed into alternating sides of the outer limbs. A bias winding on the center limb magnetically couples a direct current into the core to vary the inductance of a signal winding on the outer limbs. A secondary winding magnetically couples an output voltage from the core for application of the inductor as a tunable transformer.

Current controlled variable inductor

The invention provides a high power, low distortion, high efficiency ampler design incorporating a high efficiency switching amplifier used in conjunction with a linear difference amplifier. The high efficiency switching amplifier, typically of full or half bridge design, is designed to generate a high efficiency, arbitrarily formed, wave portion such as a square wave. The high efficiency waveform is scaled down and is compared to a desired reference, such as a sinusoid. The output of the comparison is the analog difference (mathematical subtraction) between the reference waveform and the scaled-down switch amplifier output wave. This 'difference' signal is then used to drive the linear difference amplifier which simply scales the signal linearly. The two power signals, one from the switching amplifier and the other from the linear difference amplifier, are then summed magnetically. To permit a low harmonic output, the input signals to the switching amplifier and the reference are locked together in frequency.

Hybrid high power amplifier

An integrated circuit transformer (58) which is constructed in a laminar hion is disclosed. The present invention includes a bottom plate (10) with cores (14) protruding from its upper surface (13) and a top plate (16) with several feed through holes (18). Both plates (10, 16) are made from high permeability magnetic material. Interposed between the top and bottom plates (10, 16) are at least one primary (19) and at least one secondary (40). The primary (19) has feed through holes (22), vertically aligned with the feed through holes (18) in the top (16), holes (20) to allow the cores (14) to protrude through, and tabs (26, 28) for connecting to the input circuit. The primary (19) is made of a laminate clad with an electrical conductor. The circuit which conducts the current around the cores is fabricated by etching special patterns of insulative gaps (24) into the electrical conductor. The secondary (40) has holes (42) to allow the cores (14) to protrude through. It also is made of a laminate clad with an electrical conductor. And again, the circuit which conducts the current around the cores is fabricated by etching a special pattern of insulative gaps (44) into the electrical conductor. The output circuit is connected to the secondary at three connection points (48, 50, 52). These points are accessible through the feed through holes (18, 22) and access holes (49, 51). The primary (19) and secondary (40) may be fabricated as a sub-assembly by multiple layer printed circuit techniques. More than one primary (19) and secondary (40) may be utilized in the integrated transformer (58). The transformer may be embodied as either a current, a voltage or a power transformer.

Integrated circuit transformer

A polyphase transformer design is presented in which transformer output pors are accurately constructed in both voltage magnitude and relative phase angle. The design incorporates both main and auxiliary transformers that are used in unison to produce the accurately constructed phasors. The main transformer permits rough phasor adjustment to be made with the auxiliary transform permitting phasor fine tuning. Such a design is particularly suitable in transformer approaches that require output phases that are of a number not evenly divisible by three.

Main and auxiliary transformer rectifier system for minimizing line

A magnetic amplifier switch is connected to a transmitter and antenna of a LF transmitting system. The transmitter is operable to produce a signal which is modulated to first and second frequencies, for example 'mark' and 'space' frequencies, at different times. The magnetic switch is connected with inductors which are also connected with the transmitter and antenna. Opening and closing of the magnetic amplifier switch changes the inductance of the antenna such that the antenna is automatically tuned to resonance at the one or the other of the modulated frequencies being transmitted at a given time.

Magnetic amplifier switch for automatic tuning of VLF transmitting

A lithium battery is provided with an energy monitor that continuously inates the energy remaining in the battery. An electrolytic coulometer is connected in series with the battery and has a cantilevered cathode which increases its mass in proportion to the total amount of current that flows from the battery. Since the mass of the cathode and hence its resonant frequency changes in proportion to the total current, a mechanical transducer in contact with the electrolytic coulometer causes the cantilevered cathode to resonate at different frequencies which is monitored to provide a continuous reading of remaining battery energy.

Lithium battery energy monitor

A sonar compensation transformer is added to a sonar transceiver circuit to btain calibrated optimum performance from a sonar transducer using ceramic rings by slightly modifying the voltage of the transducer while at the same time allowing the transmit circuit to operate without appreciable change. The sonar compensation transformer is an improvement upon a conventional sonar transceiver circuit containing a transformer winding connected in series with a diode switch with the outer bounding connections of the transformer winding and the diode switch connected to the transducer element while the connection to the sonar transceiver is from a connection tapped into the winding of the sonar transformer and the connection from the outer bound of the diode switch. The sonar compensation transformer is connected in with a primary winding placed in parallel with the diode switch. The secondary winding is connected in the lead from the outside connection to the diode switch to the sonar transceiver, and is positioned to inductively interact with the primary winding placed in parallel across the diode switch. Proper design and adjustment of the secondary winding of the sonar compensation transformer provides the capability to slightly modify the voltage of any input acoustical signal to the sonar transducer to balance it in relation to other voltages received through similar circuits for other sonar transducer elements.

Sonar compensation transformer

A battery cell and battery are disclosed in which a cathode layer and an de layer are separated by a nonconducting ion permeable membrane and are sandwiched between a pair of conducting polymer layers. The conducting polymer layers and the ion permeable membrane from two distinct compartments in which the cathode and anode of the cell, respectively are positioned. A liquid electrolyte is sealed in each compartment. The ion permeable membrane allows passage through it of selected ions.

Polymer packaged cell in a sack

A method of manufacturing three dimensional integrated circuits from compatible co-fireable materials by extruding batched co-fireable materials to form blocks of specified cross-sections, selecting and stacking cross-section of various widths from different blocks in a specified manner to form the desired circuit and placing the stack in a furnace having a predetermined temperature time profile to properly sinter each of the materials.

Method of manufacturing three dimensional integrated circuits

An electronic power supply using pulse width modulated (PWM) voltage reguion provides a regulated output for a wide range of input voltages. Thus, the invention apparatus is very versatile and many different types of equipment may be interchangeably used with it. The apparatus employs a control switch to change the level of voltage regulation and the turns ratio of the primary winding of the power supply output transformer, thereby obtaining increased tolerance to input voltage change.

Growing community of inventors

Valley Center, CA, United States of America

Leopold J Johnson