Seagate Technology Incorporated

Amazon Technologies, Inc.

Lsi Corporation

Avago Technologies General IP (singapore) Pte. Ltd.

Nortek Security & Control LLC

Numera, Inc.

Leonid Baryudin

Alex G Tang

Earl T Cohen

Timothy Lawrence Canepa

Phillip Peterson

Erich Franz Haratsch

Daniel Sladic

Jeremy Isaac Nathaniel Werner

Ram David Adva Fish

Henry Messenger

Soroush Salehian Dardashti

Evgenia Goldshtein

Wenzhou Chen

Mark Ish

Abdelhakim Alhussien

Sundararajan Sankaranarayanan

Jackson L Ellis

Stephen D Hanna

Christopher Nathan Watson

Dmitry Obukhov

Jeremy Werner

Hongmei Xie

Truong Nguyen

Tyler Huston Doornenbal

Sujan Biswas

Christopher J Douglass

Timothy Joseph Markey

Abdel Hakim Alhussien

Erez Izenberg

Gordon James Coleman

Erez Sabbag

Avigdor Segal

Carl E Forhan

Michael Scott Hicken

Kent Wayne Wendorf

Yun Tan

Zhiqing Zhang

Noga Smith

Lin Feng Chen

Se Wang Oh

Xin Song

The integrity of transmitted data can be protected by causing that data to be transmitted twice, and calculating protection information (PI) for the data from each transmission. The PI can include information such as a checksum or signature that should have the same value if the data from each transmission is the same. If the PI values are not the same, an error handling procedure can be activated, such as may retry the transmission. For write operations, the data can be transmitted twice from a source to a storage destination, while for read operations, the data can be transmitted to a recipient then sent back from the recipient to the storage device, with PI calculated for each transmission. A component such as a storage processor can perform at least this comparison step. Such approaches can also be used for network transmission or high performance computing.

Data integrity protection

An indirection mapping data structure can maintain a mapping between logical block addresses used by a host computer and physical data storage locations on a solid state drive. Changes to the indirection mapping data structure can be stored in journals. When a journal is full, the journal can be stored to a predetermined location on the cluster block determined based on the number of entries stored by the journal, leading to a number of journals scattered throughout the cluster block at predetermined locations. Each physical chunk of media, whether written with data or marked as defective is journaled. Such a journaling scheme, where the journal locations are predetermined and each physical chunk of media is journaled is referred to as physical media-aware spatially coupled journaling. During replay the spatially coupled journals can be retrieved from the predefined locations within cluster blocks and used to rebuild the indirection mapping data structure.

Physical media aware spacially coupled journaling and replay

An opportunistic storage service, or system, identifies currently unused storage capacity on a plurality of physical storage components of computing devices dispersed throughout a provider network. In some embodiments, the currently unused storage capacity is provisioned as primary storage, but is not currently being used to store primary storage data. The opportunistic storage service advertises at least a portion of the currently unused storage capacity as opportunistic storage capacity and provisions the opportunistic storage capacity subject to revocation if additional storage capacity of the physical storage components is needed to store primary storage data to fulfill a primary storage commitment.

Opportunistic storage service

A device may include a SSD having multiple storage units and a deduplication control circuit configured to determine whether selected data content to be stored is a duplicate of previous data content already in a first buffer of data buffered to be stored in a set of storage units. The deduplication circuit may be further configured to, based on a determination that the selected data content is a duplicate of first previous data content already buffered in the first buffer, instead of buffering another copy of the selected data content, buffer a first header including a first pointer that associates the first header with the first previous data content already buffered in the first buffer. The deduplication circuit may also be configured to reorder the first buffer such that individual data contents in the first buffer are grouped near headers associated with the individual data contents.

Reordered data deduplication in storage devices

The implementations described herein provide a hybrid drive with a storage capacity including solid-state drive (NAND) technology and hard disc drive (HDD) technology. A translation layer is stored in the solid-state drive and includes plurality of entries. Each entry of the plurality of entries corresponds to at least one logical data unit and includes a cache state indicating where the data corresponding to the logical data unit is located and whether the data is valid. The translation layer may be a multi-layer map that includes a sparse mapping scheme. In a sparse multi-layer map, entries are leaf entries or non-leaf entries. Leaf entries include a cache state for the corresponding logical data unit(s). Non-leaf entries may include a pointer to a lower level mapping for a plurality of logical data units.

Hybrid drive translation layer

A garbage collection method comprises selecting one or blocks in a SSD of a hybrid drive for garbage collection; determining a state of data of the one or more selected blocks, wherein the state suggests a location and temperature of data; and executing a garbage collection efficiency and caching efficiency action on the data of the one or more selected blocks based on the determined state. The garbage collection process may utilize the state information provided by the cache layer of the hybrid drive to make decisions regarding data in the one or more selected blocks.

Hybrid drive garbage collection

In a solid state drive, a journal may be associated with a cluster block, such that the journal stores updates to an indirection mapping data structure for that cluster block. The journals may be stored on the cluster block. During garbage collection these spatially coupled journals can be retrieved and used to determine the data written to each media location within the cluster block. Logical and physical address information can be determined from the journal content, and used to compare against the current mapping in the indirection mapping data structure, to determine the validity of each media location. Since the journals are physical media aware, this comparison can occur without the consultation of a bad block tracking structure. When a physical media address is deemed to hold valid data it will be relocated as part of garbage collection processing.

Garbage collection in solid state drives

An indirection mapping data structure can maintain a mapping between logical block addresses used by a host computer and physical data storage locations on an SSD. The indirection mapping data structure can include a existence map as well as a user data map. Trim data may be received from a host computer or other entity and may be used to mark particular logical addresses that are not in use as trimmed. To ensure trim data persists even if the indirection mapping data structure is lost, the existence map may be regularly stored to disk. The existence map can be journaled in the same way as user data stored to disk. When the indirection mapping data structure is rebuilt, the spatially coupled journals can be retrieved from the predefined scattered locations and used to identify the stored trim data which can be used to rebuild the existence map.

Physical media aware spacially coupled journaling and trim

Reordered local data deduplication in storage devices

Apparatus and method for managing data in a hybrid data storage device. The device has a first non-volatile memory (NVM) of solid state memory cells arranged into a first set of garbage collection units (GCUs), and a second NVM as a rotatable data recording medium arranged into a second set of GCUs each comprising a plurality of shingled magnetic recording tracks. A control circuit combines a first group of logical block units (LBUs) stored in the first set of GCUs with a second group of LBUs stored in the second set of GCUs to form a combined group of LBUs arranged in sequential order by logical address. The control circuit streams the combined group of LBUs to a zone of shingled magnetic recording tracks in a selected one of the second set of GCUs. A combined media translation map identifies physical addresses in both the first and second NVMs.

Managing shingled magnetic recording (SMR) zones in a hybrid storage device

The following description is directed to managing a nonvolatile medium. The nonvolatile medium can be organized as a plurality of storage units. In one example, a method can include measuring read latencies for the individual storage units of the nonvolatile medium. A probability distribution of future read latencies for the nonvolatile medium can be estimated based on the measured read latencies for the individual storage units of the nonvolatile medium. Information can be moved from a particular storage unit of the nonvolatile medium to a different storage unit of the nonvolatile medium based on the estimated probability distribution of future read latencies for the nonvolatile medium.

Managing a nonvolatile medium based on read latencies

A wearable device for detecting a user state is disclosed. The wearable device includes an accelerometer for measuring an acceleration of a user, a magnetometer for measuring magnetic field associated with the user's change of orientation, a microphone for receiving audio, a memory for storing the audio, and at least one processor communicatively connected to the accelerometer, the magnetometer, the microphone, and the memory. The processor is identified to declare a measured acceleration as a suspected user state, and to categorize the suspected user state based on the stored audio as one of an activity of daily life (ADL), a confirmed user state, or an inconclusive event.

Fall detection system using a combination of accelerometer, audio input and magnetometer

An apparatus includes a memory and a controller. The memory may be configured to store data. The controller may be configured to process a plurality of input/output requests to read/write to/from the memory. The controller generally includes a processor, a cache and a hardware assist circuit. The processor may be configured to initiate a recycle operation by generation of a start index. The cache may be configured to buffer a first level of a map and less than all of a second level of the map. The hardware assist circuit may be configured to search through the first level or any portions of the second level of the map in the cache in response to the start index, and notify the processor in response to the search detecting one or more blocks in the memory that contain valid data to be recycled.

Map recycling acceleration

Growing community of inventors

San Jose, CA, United States of America

Leonid Baryudin