The Singer Company

Gec-marconi Electronic Systems Corp.

Gec-marconi Hazeltine Corporation

Leonard Schwartz

Emile J Deveau

James B Mead

Edward G Chin

Lawrence S Gans

Robert Bevan

Myron Rosenthal

An interleaved planar array antenna system providing angularly adjustable linearly polarized beams comprises an array of parallel rows of transmit dipole element pairs and an array of parallel rows of receive dipole element pairs, the two arrays being interleaved. Each of the dipole element pairs includes a first dipole element and a second dipole element adjacent and orthogonal to the first dipole element. All of the first dipole elements are parallel to each other and all of the second dipole elements are parallel to each other. All of the dipole elements are on the same surface and on another surface parallel to and spaced from the first surface there is an array of transmit feed line pairs and an array of receive feed line pairs, with the arrays being interleaved with each other. The transmit feed line pairs are proximity coupled to the transmit dipole element pairs and the receive feed line pairs are proximity coupled to the receive dipole element pairs. By controlling the relative amplitudes and phases of signals applied to the two feed lines within each feed line pair, the resultant angle of linear polarization of a composite signal from the respective dipole element pairs is adjustable.

Interleaved planar array antenna system providing angularly adjustable

An interleaved planar array antenna system providing opposite circular polarizations comprises an array of parallel rows of parallel spaced transmit dipole radiating elements and an array of parallel rows of parallel spaced receive dipole radiating elements. Both sets of dipole elements are on the same surface, with the receive dipole elements being oriented orthogonal to the transmit dipole elements and the rows of transmit and receive elements being interleaved. On another surface parallel to and spaced from the first surface, there is at least one transmit feed line which is proximity coupled to the transmit dipole elements and at least one receive feed line which is proximity coupled to the receive dipole elements. Polarizing means are spaced from and overly the transmit and receive dipole elements for transforming orthogonally oriented linearly polarized transmit and receive beams into oppositely circularly polarized transmit and receive beams.

Interleaved planar array antenna system providing opposite circular

A full aperture interleaved space duplexed beamshaped microstrip antenna system wherein the separate transmit and receive microstrip antennas each has respective arrays of radiating patch elements. Each of the antennas is fed from a single end thereof so that each antenna creates four beams. Beam pitch angles are introduced into each antenna so as to reduce the coupling between adjacent lines to allow the gap within each connected line pair to be reduced. This gap reduction provides room for the antennas to be interleaved within a common rectangular aperture so that the separate feeds are at opposite ends of the aperture. Each antenna then utilizes the entire aperture. Isolation elements are provided between the lines of the transmit and receive antennas so as to reduce the mutual coupling therebetween and maintain the minimum required sixty dB isolation.

Full aperture interleaved space duplexed beamshaped microstrip antenna

A space duplexed beamshaped microstrip antenna system including transmit and receive antennas, each of which has two groups of interleaved arrays. The array groups are slanted in opposite directions and each is fed from opposite corners of the antenna so that each group utilizes its entire assigned reduced width aperture to create the required beam contours for two beams. To achieve frequency and temperature compensation, one of the antennas is made up of forward firing arrays and the other of the antennas is made up of backward firing arrays.

Space duplexed beamshaped microstrip antenna system

A gamma feed microstrip antenna for a Doppler navigation system includes a forward firing feed parallel spaced to a backward firing feed. A plurality of parallel spaced radiating arrays are transversely connected between the feeds. Each array includes radiating elements of preselected sizes having radiating coefficients and coupling coefficients to the feeds whereby an amplitude function of the antenna along the axis of travel is a truncation of a long slanted array amplitude function. Sequential excitation of four input ports at the ends of the feeds causes sequential generation of four beams. Return signals to the antenna, at the four input ports, may be sampled and held for averaging. This antenna structure is adapted for use to as to provide frequency, temperature and over-water corrections.

Gamma feed microstrip antenna

A continuous strip of bulk absorbing material is bonded to the looped ends of the arrays of a microstrip antenna for reducing the power that normally would have been reflected back across the arrays.

Microstrip antenna bulk load

An apparatus and a method for achieving simultaneous circular polarization of a four-beam doppler antenna wherein four different grid layers are positioned into a radome. The first grid layer, besides radiating a linear polarized beam, is used to partially reduce contaminants of the linearly polarized beam by means of cross-hatch strips. The second grid layer is used to further purify the linear polarized beam such that an essentially purified linear polarized beam is obtained. The third grid layer, designed according to certain equations, is used to convert the purified linearly polarized beam into a partially circularly polarized beam. And the fourth grid layer is used to make sure that the circularly polarized beam is perfectly matched.

Circularly polarized leaky waveguide doppler antenna

In order to achieve temperature compensation in a microstrip linear array, the array is periodically loaded by means of a plurality of open circuited stubs coupled to the main transmission line through tightly controlled gap dimensions to provide increasing shunt susceptance which compensates for the decease in shunt susceptance of the line as temperature increases.

Microstrip circuit temperature compensation with stub means

Separate receive and transmit interleaved arrays are distributed throughout a defined area. Each array is interconnected, at opposite ends thereof, to a feed line so that the receive and transmit antennas are each associated with four beams. Feed through connections are employed between receive feed lines and the receive arrays of the antenna thereby permitting the utilization of a microstrip structure.

Microstrip space duplexed antenna

A feed system for a microstrip or stripline antenna includes a serpentine traveling feed located in the plane of interleaved arrays along which a first signal propagates. A chain of crossover structures serves as a second traveling feed, extends in coplanar parallel spaced relation to the first feed, and carries a second propagated signal therealong. First and second ports of each structure connect the serpentine feed to a first group of arrays for coupling the first signal therebetween while third and fourth ports of each structure couple the second signal to a second set of arrays without significant interaction therebetween.

Crossover traveling wave feed for microstrip antenna array

Two separate microstrip antennas are interleaved in the same plane thereby occupying substantially the same area as a single antenna. Each antenna aperture produces two beams and the configuration for each antenna includes a single feed on each planar array which results in lowered overwater bias error. Each planar array antenna can have radiating arrays of different radiator spacing. Using forward firing arrays for one antenna and backward firing arrays for the other antenna, a radiated spacing is chosen for each interleaved antenna which results in temperature compensation in the along track direction.

Interleaved microstrip planar array

In order to provide improved performance in a printed antenna, particularly for use in a Doppler navigation system, two pairs of linear arrays slanted at 45.degree. are utilized to obtain a beam shape which exhibits a degree of independence from over-water shift with the two sets of arrays constructed respectively as forward and backward firing arrays in order to compensate for frequency changes.

Doppler navigation microstrip slanted antenna

A synthesis technique for constructing curved wave guide arrays in spherical sections to provide a pencil or squinted beam in a desired direction in which a plurality of slotted wave guides are bent to a radius of curvature corresponding to circles cut through a sphere and interconnected to a cap conforming thereto with each of the wave guide radiating arrays constructed as anti-phase slotted arrays with variable slot spacings, the location of the slots being dependent upon the phase correction required to generate a pencil beam.

Synthesis technique for constructing cylindrical and spherical shaped

A novel approach for generating four symmetrically located beams from a printed antenna using a corporate feed system is described. One approach used to generate four low side lobe beams utilizes a planar aperture. The second approach generates four low side lobe beams from a cylindrically shaped aperture. The generation is accomplished without the use of active phase shifting devices. The output phase function of the feed can be reversed which causes the beam to be pointed equally in the opposite direction. The radiating elements are designed to be symmetrical about the center of the aperture in a direction orthogonal to the radiating elements. By placing identical feeds at both ends, four beams can be obtained, each pointed in a direction symmetrically located about the normal to the antenna. Such an approach is applicable to both planar arrays and cylindrically shaped arrays.

Four beam printed antenna for Doopler application

A cylindrically shaped leaky wave antenna utilizing a cylindrically shaped printed grid antenna fed by a curved wave guide feed array utilizing anti-phase edge cut slots cut in accordance with a phase synthesis technique to provide a desired squinted beam resulting in a low cost conformal antenna without the use of active phase elements.

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Montville, NJ, United States of America

Leonard Schwartz