University of Massachusetts

Lekha Papammagari

Carl W Lawton

Sanjeev K Manohar

In an aspect, a method of making a composite comprises mixing titanium dioxide in a aqueous solution comprising an acid to form a titanium dioxide mixture; mixing an aniline monomer and an oxidizing agent with the titanium dioxide mixture to form a reaction mixture; and polymerizing the aniline monomer to form the composite comprising polyaniline and the titanium dioxide; wherein the titanium dioxide has an average particle size of 0.5 to 100 nm; and wherein the acid is free of a (Calkyl) benzene sulfonic acid or a derivative thereof. In another aspect, a composite comprises a plurality of titanium dioxide having an average particle size of 0.5 to 100 nm; a polyaniline; at least one of hydrochloric acid or 2-acryamido-2-propanesulfonic acid or a derivative thereof; wherein the composite is free of a (Calkyl) benzene sulfonic acid or a derivative thereof.

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Lowell, MA, United States of America

Lekha Papammagari