Baxter International Inc.

Lee W Henderson

Leo Martis

Ty R Shockley

Masaaki Nakayama

John Moran

Richard I Brown

Robin Gail Pauley

Norma J Ofsthun

Ron Burke

Bernadette Faller

Normal J Ofsthun

A peritoneal dialysis solution that is biochemically balanced to correct metabolic acidosis associated with chronic renal failure in a more physiological manner. The peritoneal dialysis solution has a physiological pH, e.g., pH of 7.0 to 7.4, and contains bicarbonate at a concentration that is found in normal blood. Additionally, the solution contains carbon dioxide at a partial pressure that is similar to partial pressure of carbon dioxide found in normal blood. The peritoneal dialysis solution also contains a weak acid with a pKa of less than 5.0.

Biochemically balanced peritoneal dialysis solutions

A peritoneal dialysis solution comprising as osmotic agents approximately 2.0 to about 6.0% (w/v) maltodextrins and approximately 0.25 to about 2.0% (w/v) amino acids. The peritoneal dialysis solution will also include other components such as sodium, chloride, lactate, bicarbonate, calcium, and magnesium.

Peritoneal dialysis solutions containing maltodextrins and amino acids

An improved peritoneal dialysis solution and methods of administering same to a patient are provided. Pursuant to the present invention, the sodium concentration in the solution is decreased thus causing sodium to be transported from the circulation to the peritoneal cavity. This provides for an improved ultrafiltration profile for the same initial osmolality when compared to standard solutions. Also, the same ultrafiltration profile as standard solutions can be achieved with lower initial osmolalities.

Low sodium peritoneal dialysis solution

An improved peritoneal dialysis solution comprising an osmotic agent having at least one amino acid, and a method of administering same to a patient are provided. Pursuant to the present invention, the sodium concentration in the solution is decreased thus causing sodium to be transported from the circulation to the peritoneal cavity. This provides for an improved ultrafiltration profile that is, more volume over a longer period of time, for the same initial osmolality when compared to standard solutions. Also, the same ultrafiltration profile as standard solutions can be achieved with lower initial osmolalities.

A peritoneal dialysis solution and method of administering same to a patient are provided wherein the sodium concentration in the solution is decreased thus causing sodium to be transported from the circulation to the peritoneal cavity. This provides for an improved ultrafiltration profile (more volume over a longer period of time) for the same initial osmolality when compared to standard solutions. Also, the same ultrafiltration profile as standard solutions can be achieved with lower initial osmolalities. A reduced amount of osmotic agent can be used to achieve equivalent ultrafiltration.

The invention provides dual-skinned membranes useful as one way or rectifying membranes which reduce back filtration of solute molecules in dialysis and which improve nutrient supply and product recovery in membrane bioreactors. The membranes are dual-skinned polymeric materials preferably in the form of hollow fibers. The membranes have skins of polymer on the opposite sides with differing permeability to solutes and sieving coefficient characteristics. The skin on each side have pores that are invisible at 10,000 times magnification, the microporous structure between said skins contains pores capable of retaining solutes in a molecular weight range of about 5000 to 200000 in an increased concentration between the interior and the exterior skins. Improved dialysis devices are formed by using bundles of the hollow fiber membranes as a dialysis means having rectifying properties.

Rectifying dialyzer, bioreactor and membrane

The invention employs dual-skinned membranes useful as one way or rectifying membranes which reduce back filtration of solute molecules in dialysis and which improve nutrient supply and product recovery in membrane bioreactors. The membranes are dual-skinned polymeric materials preferably in the form of hollow fibers. The membranes have sieving coefficient characteristics different for flow of liquids in one direction from that in the opposite direction. Improved dialysis devices are formed by using bundles of the hollow fiber membranes as a dialysis means having rectifying properties. Improved bioreactors are formed by using bundles of hollow fiber as a growth vessel having rectifying properties.

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Lake Forest, IL, United States of America

Lee W Henderson