Element Six Technologies Limited

Element Six Gmbh

Laura Anne Hutton

Timothy Peter Mollart

Geoffrey Alan Scarsbrook

Mark Edward Newton

Julie Victoria Macpherson

Joseph Michael Dodson

Patrick Robert Unwin

Andrew Michael Bennett

Julie Victoria MacPherson

Maxim Bruckshaw Joseph

Roy Edward Patrick Meyler

Zoe Ayers

Eleni Bitziou

Nicola Louise Palmer

An electrochemical sensor comprising: a boron doped diamond electrode formed of boron doped diamond material; an array of non-diamond carbon sites disposed on a sensing surface of the boron doped diamond electrode; electrochemically active surface groups bonded to the non-diamond carbon sites for generating a redox peak associated with a target species which reacts with the electrochemically active surface groups bonded to the non-diamond carbon sites when a solution containing the target species is disposed in contact with the sensing surface in use; an electrical controller configured to scan the boron doped diamond electrode over a potential range to generate said redox peak; and a processor configured to give an electrochemical reading based on one or both of a position and an intensity of said redox peak.

Boron doped diamond based electrochemical sensor heads

A boron doped synthetic diamond material which has the following characteristics: a solvent window meeting one or both of the following criteria as measured by sweeping a potential of the boron doped synthetic diamond material with respect to a saturated calomel reference electrode in a solution containing only deionized water and 0.1M KNOas a supporting electrolyte at pH 6: the solvent window extends over a potential range of at least 4.1 V wherein end points of the potential range for the solvent window are defined when anodic and cathodic current density measured at the boron doped synthetic diamond material reaches 38 mA cm; and the solvent window extends over a potential range of at least 3.3 V wherein end points of the potential range for the solvent window are defined when anodic and cathodic current density measured at the boron doped synthetic diamond material reaches 0.4 mA cm; a peak-to-peak separation &#x394;Ep (for a macroelectrode) or a quartile potential &#x394;E(for a microelectrode) of no more than 70 mV as measured by sweeping a potential of the boron doped synthetic diamond material at a rate of 100 mV swith respect to a saturated calomel reference electrode in a solution containing only deionized water, 0.1M KNO3 supporting electrolyte, and 1 mM of FcTMAor Ru(NH)6at pH 6; and a capacitance of no more than 10 &#x3bc;F cmas measured by sweeping a potential of the boron doped synthetic diamond material with respect to a saturated calomel reference electrode between 70 mV and &#x2212;70 mV in a solution containing only deionized water and 0.1M KNOsupporting electrolyte at pH 6, measuring resultant current, subtracting a current value at 0 V when sweeping towards negative potentials from a current value at 0 V when sweeping towards positive potentials, dividing the subtracted current value by 2, and then dividing the result by an area (cm) of the boron doped synthetic diamond material and by a rate at which the potential is swept (Vs) to give a value for capacitance in F cm.

Synthetic diamond materials for electrochemical sensing applications

A method of fabricating plates of super-hard material and cutting techniques suitable for such a method. A method of fabricating a plate () of super-hard material, the method comprising: &#x2022;providing a substrate () have a lateral dimension of at least 40 mm; &#x2022;growing a layer of super-hard material on the substrate () using a chemical vapor deposition process; and &#x2022;slicing one or more plates () of super-hard material from the substrate using a collimated cutting beam (), the or each plate of super-hard material () having a lateral dimension of at least 40 mm, wherein the collimated cutting beam () is collimated with a half angle divergence of no more than 5 degrees.

Method of fabricating plates of super-hard material using a collimated cutting beam

An electrochemical sensor comprising: a reference electrode () formed of an electrically conductive synthetic doped diamond material and configured to be located in electrical contact with a solution () to be analysed; a sensing electrode () formed of an electrically conductive synthetic doped diamond material and configured to be located in contact with the solution () to be analysed; an electrical controller () configured to conduct stripping voltammetric measurements by applying a voltage to the sensing electrode (), to change the applied voltage relative to the reference electrode (), and to measure an electric current flowing through the sensing electrode () thereby generating voltammetry data; and a calibration system configured to provide an in-situ calibration for providing a reference point in the voltammetric data since the potential of the diamond reference electrode is non fixed and floating. Consequently, assigning of peaks (M, M, M) in the voltammetry data to chemical species (M, M, M) is possible, thereby allowing the type and concentration of chemical species in the solution () to be determined. The in-situ calibration consists of: 1-using a spectrometer for X-rays, Gamma rays or fluorescence measurements integrated in the sensor, 2-using a known redox couple added to the solution that will provide a reference peak in the voltammetric data, or 3-producing in-situ ionic species at the vicinity of the reference electrode.

Electrochemical sensor with diamond electrodes

Growing community of inventors

Oxfordshire, United Kingdom

Laura Anne Hutton