Flsmidth A/s

Lars Skaarup Jensen

Kent Thomsen

Jens Peter Hansen

Jens Munk Hansen

Morten Boberg Larsen

Alexander Helm

Iver Blankenberg Schmidt

Niels Ole Cedergaard

Stylianos Pachitsas

Niels Agerlund Christensen

Ib Ohlsen

Erik Jepsen

Ejvind Rödtnes Jörgensen

Ebbe Skyum Jöns

Morten Hvidbjerg Drivsholm

Karl Strömberg

A cement manufacturing plant can include at least one emission abatement mechanism. In some embodiments, the emission abatement mechanism can utilize a plurality of pulsed gases passed through a reactor to treat a solid particulate material passed through the reactor. The pulsed reactant gas can be pulsed through the reactor so that the pulsed gas passes from a middle portion of the reactor to a first end of the reactor at which the solid particulates can be fed into the reactor. In some embodiments, the reactant gas can be output from the first end to a down corner or other reactant gas conduit for transport to a treatment device.

Emission abatement apparatus for processing of particulates and method of using same

The invention relates to a method for reduction of HCl emission from a cement plant based on a treatment of a preheater () and/or bypass gas stream, characterized in that a cement raw meal, as a HCl absorber, is dispersed in the gas stream(s) from which HCl is to be removed; the cement raw meal is introduced from a raw mill () and/or a silo () into a pipe with a up going gas flow; the pipe being arranged in fluid communication at a point after a gas conditioning tower () and/or before a particle filter unit () and/or in a by-pass line before particle filter ().

Method and apparatus for reduction of HCI emission from cement plants using cement raw meal as absorber

A method for burning raw materials by which method the raw material and a secondary fuel are separately introduced to one and the same rotary kiln in which the raw material as well as the secondary fuel are heated by gases formed by burning of a primary fuel in the rotary kiln so that the secondary fuel is converted to gases and solid matter in the form of combustion residues such as ashes and coke. The secondary fuel during the process of conversion to gases and solid matter is kept separate from the introduced raw material, which may ensure that the secondary fuel and hence the locally reducing zones and major areas with reducing conditions are brought into minimum contact with the raw material.

Rotary kilns for alternative fuels

Described is a method as well as an apparatus for incineration of combustible waste during the manufacture of cement clinker by which method the waste is introduced via a waste inlet () and supported on a supporting surface () incorporated in a separate compartment (), where the waste being actively transported, while simultaneously subjected to incineration, through the compartment to its outlet (), where the hot exhaust gases produced in connection with the incineration of the waste being vented to the preheater system for heating the cement raw meal, and where the slag generated during the waste incineration process being extracted from the compartment (). The method and the apparatus are peculiar in that exhaust gases containing NOx are introduced to the compartment ().

Method and apparatus for incineration of combustible waste

A description is given of a burner for introducing solid, liquid or gaseous fuel into the burning zone of a kiln, such as rotary kiln for manufacturing cement clinker or 'similar materials, said burner comprising a burner pipe () which encircles a number of ducts for conveying fuel and combustion air through the burner. The burner is characterized in that the burner pipe () is made up of modules () which are fixed to another by fixing means () which will allow non-destructive assembly and disassembly of the modules. Hereby is obtained a burner in which it will be possible in a simple and non-destructive manner to disassembly the burner pipe () in modules () in direction from the free end of the burner () or the burner tip. As a result, the outermost module of the burner pipe () which constitutes the burner tip can easily be disassembled for repair or replacement and/or for repair or replacement of components incorporated in the burner tip so that maintenance and upgrading of the burner to the latest technology can be carried out in the simple and non-destructive manner.

Demountable burner

Described is a method as well as an apparatus for hydration of a particulate or pulverulent material containing CaO. The method is peculiar in that water is added in a quantity which will ensure that the partial pressure Pof the added water as a function of the temperature (&#xb0; C.) is maintained within the interval defined by the formula (I), where Pis the partial pressure of water vapour in atm. and T is the temperature in &#xb0; C. Hereby is obtained that the material particles do not lump into agglomerates, and that the particles are hydrated evenly from the outside and inwards so that it is the active surface of the material particles which undergoes hydration in connection with partial hydration. This is due to the fact that the liquid water will not get into contact with the material particles since the water will appear in vapour form within the specified interval.

Method and apparatus for hydration of a particulate or pulverulent material containing CaO, hydrated product, and use of hydrated product

Described is a method for manufacturing cement clinker by which method cement raw meal is preheated and burned in a plant comprising a cyclone preheater () and a kiln (). The method is peculiar in that that at least a portion of the raw meal is extracted from the cyclone preheater (), that this raw meal is introduced into a separate unit () in which it is given a retention time under oxidating conditions provided by means of a gas stream for forming SO2 and for expelling organic carbon, that the formed SO2 and the expelled organic carbon are subsequently discharged from the separate unit () entrained in the gas stream for further treatment in a subsequent process stage, and that the raw meal is reintroduced into the cyclone preheater (). Hereby is obtained an effective reduction of the VOC, CO as well as the SO2 emission without necessitating utilization of additional energy for heating. By giving the extracted and partially preheated raw meal a retention time under oxidating conditions separate from the cyclone preheater it is obtained that sulphide will oxidate into SO2 and that organic carbon is expelled from the raw meal, so that the thus formed SO2 and the thus expelled organic carbon can be entrained in a separate, relatively small gas stream and subjected to subsequent treatment in the optimum manner.

Method and plant for manufacturing cement clinker

Described is a method as well as a plant for preheating particulate or pulverulent material such as cement raw meal or similar material in a cyclone preheater (), comprising at least two cyclone stages, each comprising a riser duct () and a cyclone (). The method is peculiar in that a portion of the material which is fed to at least one cyclone stage is introduced to the first part of the riser duct, viewed in the direction of travel of the exhaust gases, and is heated from a temperature of maximum 450&#xb0; C. to a temperature of at least 550&#xb0; C., and in that the remaining material which is fed to the same cyclone stage is introduced into the last part of the said riser duct. As a result, there will be a reduction in the amount of SOwhich is discharged from the cement plant preheater as emission, without a simultaneous increase in energy consumption.

Method and plant for preheating particulate or pulverulent material

A method and plant for manufacturing cement clinker are disclosed, in which cement raw meal is calcined in a calciner. The calciner comprises an upper zone and a lower zone, where fuel, combustion gas and raw meal are introduced into the upper zone of the calciner and directed downward through the calciner. The combustion gas and raw meal are introduced tangentially into the calciner and subject to rotation follow a spiral-shaped flow path, and, under the action of gravity, the raw meal is primarily directed down along the wall of the calciner. The rotation of the combustion gas in at least the lower zone of the calciner is subjected to braking and approximately simultaneously or subsequently at least some of the combustion gas and at least some of the raw meal in the lower zone of the calciner is directed in the direction towards the center-line of the calciner.

Provided is a method and plant for reducing SOemissions in which a catalyst for catalyzing the formation of cement clinker is extracted from kiln exhaust gas and recycled.

Method for reducing the SO2 emission from a plant for manufacturing cement clinker and such plant

Described is a plant for manufacturing cement clinker comprising a preheater () which comprises at least one last cyclone () and at least one next-to-last cyclone () which is connected in series via a gas duct () to and fed with a gas from the last cyclone (), a calciner () which comprises at least one inlet opening () for introducing preheated raw meal from the last cyclone (), and which is connected to a subsequent separating cyclone (), a gas duct () which connects the separating cyclone () to the last cyclone (), and which comprises at least one inlet opening () for introducing preheated raw meal from the next-to-last cyclone (). The plant is peculiar in that the inlet opening () for introducing preheated raw meal from the next-to-last cyclone () into the gas duct () which connects the separating cyclone () to the last cyclone () in a vertical plane is located under at least one inlet opening () for introducing preheated raw meal from the last cyclone () into the calciner. Hence, without affecting the installation height of the preheater, it will be possible to locate the last cyclone () of the preheater () at an arbitrary height relative to the calciner (), and preheated raw meal from the last cyclone () can therefore be introduced at any point into the calciner () without any use of lifting equipment.

Plant for manufacturing cement clinker

A description is given of a method as well as a plant for manufacturing cement clinker by which method cement raw meal is preheated in a preheater ( ), calcined in a calciner ( ) comprising an upper end ( ) and a lower end ( ), burned into clinker in a kiln ( ) and cooled in a subsequent clinker cooler ( ). The invention is peculiar in that exhaust gases from the kiln ( ) are introduced into the upper end ( ) of the calciner, in that fuel is likewise introduced into the upper end ( ) of the calciner, in that the exhaust gas/fuel suspension is directed down through the calciner ( ), in that preheated air from the clinker cooler ( ) and preheated raw meal from the preheater ( ) in combination or separately are fed into the calciner ( ) at a location under the zone where exhaust gases from the kiln and fuel are introduced, in that the preheated air is directed down through the calciner ( ), being gradually mixed with the exhaust gas/fuel suspension, in that the raw meal under the action of gravity is directed down through the calciner ( ) along its wall, being suspended in the exhaust gases at the lower end ( ) of the calciner, and in that the exhaust gas/raw meal suspension is extracted from the lower end ( ) of the calciner and conveyed to a separating means ( ) for separating the raw meal which is subsequently directed to the kiln ( ). Hereby is obtained a significant reduction of the NOx which is led to the calciner together with the kiln exhaust gases, a high degree of fuel burn out even when using fuels with a low content of volatile constituents, and a low degree of conversion into NOx of the nitrogen which is led to the calciner together with the fuel.

Growing community of inventors

Vallensbaek, Denmark

Lars Skaarup Jensen