Akzo Nobel N.v.

Nouryon Chemicals International B.v.

Advanced Photonics Technologies Ag

Permascand Ab

Eka Chemicals Ab

Lars-Erik Bergman

Bernd Busse

Erik Zimmerman

Takayuki Shimamune

Anders Ullman

Magnus Rosvall

Sven-Erik Bohlin

Tomas Widenfalk

John Gustavsson

Pekka Heiskanen

Ezio Amerio

Susanne Holmin

An electrode () is disclosed. The electrode () comprises an electrode substrate (). A layer of TiO() with a total thickness in the range of between 40-200 &#x3bc;m is present on at least one surface of the electrode substrate () and a porosity of layer of TiO() is below 15%. An electro-catalytic layer () comprising oxides of ruthenium and cerium according comprising at least 50 molar % ruthenium oxides is present on layer of TiO() and wherein x is in the range 1-2 for the layer of TiO. A process for the manufacture of the electrode () is disclosed as are uses thereof.

Electrode

The present invention relates to a method for activation of a cathode comprising at least a cathode substrate wherein the cathode is cleaned by means of an acid, the cleaned cathode is coated with at least one electrocatalytic coating solution, drying the coated cathode until it is at least substantially dry, and thereafter contacting the cathode with a solvent redissolving precipitated electrocatalytic salts or acids formed on the cathode, originating from the electrocatalytic solution, to form dissolved electrocatalytic metal ions on the cathode surface, so that said electrocatalytic metal ions can precipitate as metals on the cathode. The invention also comprises a cathode obtainable by the method and the use of an activated cathode in an electrolytic cell for producing chlorine and alkali hydroxide.

Activation of a cathode

Electrode treatment

The invention relates to a gas diffusion electrode ( ) comprising a hydrophobic gas diffusion layer ( ), a reaction layer ( ), and a hydrophilic layer ( ) arranged in the mentioned order wherein the reaction layer ( ) is arranged to a barrier layer ( ), which barrier layer ( ), on its opposite side, is arranged to the hydrophilic layer ( ). The invention also relates to a method for manufacturing such a gas diffusion electrode ( ), and to an electrolytic cell, and use thereof.

Electrode used for one pole in underwater transmission of high-voltage direct current, an insulated cable being used for the other pole, such electrodes being adapted to be stationary on the bottom of the sea to serve as the anode and the cathode, respectively, while the sea-water constitutes the electric conductor therebetween. What characterises the invention is that the electrode comprises at least one layer (1) of a flexible, electrically conductive material which preferably is resistant to chlorine-alkali, said layer (1) being enclosed between protective structures (2,3) of a flexible, mechanically resistant material which preferably is resistant to chlorine-alkali, at least one protective structure (2) having openings (4) which are positioned across the surface thereof and through which the sea-water comes into contact with the layer (1).

Growing community of inventors

Ljungaverk, Sweden

Lars-Erik Bergman