Gnothis Holding Ag

Other

Evotec Technologies Gmbh

Gnothis Ab

Edman, Lars

Lars Edman

Rudolf Rigler

Margo Tiiman

Daniel Rönnlund

The invention relates to a process for analysing single molecules, in particular for sequencing of single nucleic acid molecules.

Single molecule analysis with high accuracy

An apparatus for characterizing luminescent entities by excitation comprising: &#x2022; a substrate () being in contact with a solution comprising luminescent entities; &#x2022; a source of electromagnetic radiation () providing at least a primary beam of radiation (); an objective (); a first optical element () capable of transforming the intensity profile of the primary beam () into an arbitrary secondary intensity profile (distribution) (); a second optical element () capable of separating (discriminating) radiation by wavelength; and a detector (), where the arbitrary secondary intensity profile has at least an off-center circular continuous intensity distribution () focused on the back focal plane () of the objective forming a collimated beam () capable of creating an evanescent field on the side of the substrate where the solution comprising luminescent entities are located, where the evanescent field excites the luminescent entities thereby creating emission radiation separated by the second optical element () and captioned by the detector (). The invention also relates to an apparatus comprising two optical elements providing a final third intensity profile (distribution) which is the convolution of two mathematical transformations corresponding to each of optical element one and four, respectively.

Apparatus for characterizing luminescent entities

The invention relates to radio communication in a mobile station operating on cellular frequency bands, and/or on a frequency band separated from cellular frequency bands, for transmitting and receiving calls outside a cellular network through direct communication between cellular mobile stations. It also relates to a method in a cellular telephony system comprising at least two mobile stations communicating.

Direct cellular communication

In a method for the fluorescence spectroscopic, in particular fluorescence correlation spectroscopic study of a measurement sample, the latter is introduced into a sample holding chamber () formed hollowed in a sample support (). Electrically charged analytes contained in the measurement sample are then concentrated in a measurement volume () lying inside the sample volume, whereupon the measurement volume () is studied. According to the invention, the boundary walls () of the sample holding chamber () are brought essentially surface-wide to an electrostatic potential having the same sign as the charge of the analytes in order to concentrate the analytes in the measurement volume (). An electrical molecule trap formed in this way can be produced very straightforwardly and is suitable in particular for screening studies of measurement samples, a large multiplicity of which are arranged close together in indentations () of the sample support ().

Method for examining a test sample by means of fluorescence spectroscopy, especially fluorescence correlatin spectroscopy, and device for carrying out said method

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Stockholm, Sweden

Lars Edman