Los Alamos National Security, LLC

Decision Sciences International Corporation

Raytheon Company

U.S. Department of Energy

Larry Joe Schultz

Michael James Sossong

Christopher L Morris

Konstantin N Borozdin

Alexei V Klimenko

Michelle A Espy

Petr Lvovich Volegov

Andrei Nikolaevich Matlashov

Gary Blanpied

J Andrew Green

Nicolas Hengartner

Andrew Mcleod Fraser

Alexander Saunders

David A Palmer

Richard C Lanza

Harry Ing

Hugh Robert Andrews

Liqian Li

Michael V Hynes

Mark F Makela

Bernard Harris

Jacob Luther Yoder

Edward T H Clifford

Richard A Smith

Kolo Wamba

David C Vineyard

Algis Urbaitis

Stephen Surko

William Priedhorsky

Daniel T Wakeford

Shawn Robert Tornga

Gary E Scoggins

Jesse Andrew Green

James M Colthart

David C Klugh

Eugene E Lednum

Mark S Wallace

Andrew Hoover

Richard M Kippen

Henrik Sandin

Gary E Hogan

John Christopher Orum

Vladimir Tumakov

Nicolas W Hengartner

Methods for determining the identity of a substance are provided. A classification parameter set is defined to allow identification of substances that previously could not be identified or to allow identification of substances with a higher degree of confidence. The classification parameter set may include at least one of relative nuclear susceptibility (RNS) or an x-ray linear attenuation coefficient (LAC). RNS represents the density of hydrogen nuclei present in a substance relative to the density of hydrogen nuclei present in water. The extended classification parameter set may include T, T, and/or Tas well as at least one additional classification parameter comprising one of RNS or LAC. Values obtained for additional classification parameters as well as values obtained for T, T, and Tcan be compared to known classification parameter values to determine whether a particular substance is a known material.

Classification of materials using nuclear magnetic resonance dispersion and/or x-ray absorption

Technologies related to identification of a substance in an optimized manner are provided. A reference group of known materials is identified. Each known material has known values for several classification parameters. The classification parameters comprise at least one of T, T, T, a relative nuclear susceptibility (RNS) of the substance, and an x-ray linear attenuation coefficient (LAC) of the substance. A measurement sequence is optimized based on at least one of a measurement cost of each of the classification parameters and an initial probability of each of the known materials in the reference group.

Hypothesis-driven classification of materials using nuclear magnetic resonance relaxometry

Systems and methods for charged particle detection including statistical reconstruction of object volume scattering density profiles from charged particle tomographic data to determine the probability distribution of charged particle scattering using a statistical multiple scattering model and determine a substantially maximum likelihood estimate of object volume scattering density using expectation maximization (ML/EM) algorithm to reconstruct the object volume scattering density. The presence of and/or type of object occupying the volume of interest can be identified from the reconstructed volume scattering density profile. The charged particle tomographic data can be cosmic ray muon tomographic data from a muon tracker for scanning packages, containers, vehicles or cargo. The method can be implemented using a computer program which is executable on a computer.

Robust statistical reconstruction for charged particle tomography

Techniques, apparatus and systems for obtaining tomographic images of a volume of interest by using charged particle tomography detection systems.

Imaging based on cosmic-ray produced charged particles

Techniques, apparatus and systems for detecting particles such as muons for imaging applications. Subtraction techniques are described to enhance the processing of the muon tomography data.

Imaging and sensing based on muon tomography

According to one embodiment, generating image data includes receiving coded aperture imaging sensor data collected according to coded aperture imaging and receiving Compton imaging sensor data collected according to Compton imaging. The coded aperture imaging sensor data and the Compton imaging sensor data are generated by a sensor system sensing radiation from a radiation source. A coded aperture imaging pixel value and a Compton imaging pixel value are determined for each pixel of an image. A combining function comprising addition is applied to the coded aperture imaging pixel value and the Compton imaging pixel value to yield a combined pixel value for each pixel. Combined image data is generated from the combined pixel values. The combined image data is configured to yield a combined image of the radiation source.

Multimodal radiation imager

Methods, apparatus and systems for detecting charged particles and obtaining tomography of a volume by measuring charged particles including measuring the momentum of a charged particle passing through a charged particle detector. Sets of position sensitive detectors measure scattering of the charged particle. The position sensitive detectors having sufficient mass to cause the charged particle passing through the position sensitive detectors to scatter in the position sensitive detectors. A controller can be adapted and arranged to receive scattering measurements of the charged particle from the charged particle detector, determine at least one trajectory of the charged particle from the measured scattering; and determine at least one momentum measurement of the charged particle from the at least one trajectory. The charged particle can be a cosmic ray-produced charged particle, such as a cosmic ray-produced muon. The position sensitive detectors can be drift cells, such as gas-filled drift tubes.

Measuring momentum for charged particle tomography

A portal monitoring system has a cosmic ray charged particle tracker with a plurality of drift cells. The drift cells, which can be for example aluminum drift tubes, can be arranged at least above and below a volume to be scanned to thereby track incoming and outgoing charged particles, such as cosmic ray muons, whilst also detecting gamma rays. The system can selectively detect devices or materials, such as iron, lead, gold and/or tungsten, occupying the volume from multiple scattering of the charged particles passing through the volume and can also detect any radioactive sources occupying the volume from gamma rays emitted therefrom. If necessary, the drift tubes can be sealed to eliminate the need for a gas handling system. The system can be employed to inspect occupied vehicles at border crossings for nuclear threat objects.

Radiation portal monitor system and method

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Los Alamos, NM, United States of America

Larry Joe Schultz