Uop Lcc

Ensyn Renewables, Inc.

Lance Awender Baird

Timothy A Brandvold

Paolo Palmas

Alakananda A Bhattacharyya

Stanley Joseph Frey

Sathit Kulprathipanja

Phuong T M Do

Fred G Sollberger

Stephen W Sohn

Michael R Smith

Barry A Freel

R Joe Lawson

Lev Davydov

Leonid B Galperin

Trung S Pham

Francis Stephen Lupton

Mark Van Wees

Ping Sun

Grant H Yokomizo

Robert H Jensen

Doug Clarke

Gregory Joseph Morin

Albert L Lapidus

Oleg L Eliseev

Aduard G Ostapenco

Stefan Müller

Stefan Muller

Processes for partially deoxygenating a biomass-derived pyrolysis oil to produce a fuel for a burner are disclosed. A biomass-derived pyrolysis oil stream is combined with a low recycle stream that is a portion of a deoxygenated effluent to form a heated diluted py-oil feed stream, which is contacted with a first deoxygenating catalyst in the presence of hydrogen at first hydroprocessing conditions effective to form the effluent stream. The effluent may be separated and used to provide a product fuel stream for a burner.

Processes for producing a burner fuel from a biomass feed

A process using a dealkylated aromatic liquid improves a heavy hydrocarbon liquid used for supporting molybdenum carbonized catalyst. Dealkylated aromatic liquid can be derived from heavy hydrocarbon materials that have been subjected to cracking, such as fluid catalytic cracking or slurry hydrocracking. The heavy hydrocarbon liquid can comprise a portion of resid SHC feed and a portion of a gas oil stream from SHC effluent.

Process for making and using metal catalyst for slurry hydrocracking

A process is disclosed for using an iron oxide and alumina catalyst with no more than more than about 55 wt % of the alumina in the diaspore phase or in the alpha phase in SHC. Alpha alumina is less effective catalyst component for slurry hydrocracking in terms of TIOR conversion. Drying procedures should avoid more than about 51 wt % of the alumina change to the alpha phase. The SHC catalyst is for converting heavy hydrocarbon feed into lighter hydrocarbon products.

Process for slurry hydrocracking using catalyst with low diaspore alumina

Processes and apparatuses for co-processing pyrolysis effluent and a hydrocarbon stream in which a char produced by the catalytic cracking of the pyrolysis effluent is recovered and utilized to provide energy, such as heat to the catalytic cracking zone. The char can be burned in various combustion zones associated with the catalytic cracking zone. The char is produced from a renewable resource.

Processes for reducing the energy consumption of a catalytic cracking process

A process and catalyst is disclosed for converting a heavy hydrocarbon feed stream into lighter hydrocarbon products using a two component catalyst. The catalyst comprises iron and molybdenum containing catalyst. Alumina may be a third catalyst component. The molybdenum is present in the heavy hydrocarbon feed stream at about 500 wppm or less and the weight ratio of iron to the molybdenum is less than 5. Much lower concentrations of expensive molybdenum can be used due to the addition of iron in the catalyst.

Process for making and using iron and molybdenum catalyst for slurry hydrocracking

Methods and apparatuses for upgrading a pyrolysis oil stream and a hydrocarbon stream are provided. In an embodiment, a method for upgrading a pyrolysis oil stream and a hydrocarbon stream includes providing the pyrolysis oil stream and providing the hydrocarbon stream separate from the pyrolysis oil stream. The pyrolysis oil stream and the hydrocarbon stream are introduced into a reaction zone. Deposits form adjacent to a pyrolysis oil outlet of the pyrolysis oil stream. The pyrolysis oil stream and the hydrocarbon stream are catalytically cracked in the presence of a particulate cracking catalyst in the reaction zone. During catalytic cracking, the pyrolysis oil deposits adjacent the pyrolysis oil outlet of the pyrolysis oil stream are removed, such as with a cleaning head.

Methods and fuel processing apparatuses for upgrading a pyrolysis oil stream and a hydrocarbon stream

Methods and apparatuses are provided for deoxygenating pyrolysis oil. A method includes contacting a pyrolysis oil with a deoxygenation catalyst in a first reactor at deoxygenation conditions to produce a first reactor effluent. The first reactor effluent has a first oxygen concentration and a first hydrogen concentration, based on hydrocarbons in the first reactor effluent, and the first reactor effluent includes an aromatic compound. The first reactor effluent is contacted with a dehydrogenation catalyst in a second reactor at conditions that deoxygenate the first reactor effluent while preserving the aromatic compound to produce a second reactor effluent. The second reactor effluent has a second oxygen concentration lower than the first oxygen concentration and a second hydrogen concentration that is equal to or lower than the first hydrogen concentration, where the second oxygen concentration and the second hydrogen concentration are based on the hydrocarbons in the second reactor effluent.

Methods and apparatuses for deoxygenating pyrolysis oil

Methods and apparatuses for thermally converting or pyrolyzing biomass are provided. In one embodiment, a method of thermally converting biomass includes introducing the biomass to a reactor feed chamber. The method provides for flowing a low oxygen gas into the reactor feed chamber to purge the reactor feed chamber and biomass of oxygen. The method also includes delivering the purged biomass to a thermal conversion reactor and thermally converting the biomass in the thermal conversion reactor.

Methods and apparatuses for thermally converting biomass

Methods and apparatuses for upgrading a pyrolysis oil stream and a hydrocarbon stream are provided herein. In an embodiment, a method for upgrading a pyrolysis oil stream and a hydrocarbon stream includes separately introducing the pyrolysis oil stream and the hydrocarbon stream into a reaction zone to form a mixture of the pyrolysis oil stream and the hydrocarbon stream in the reaction zone. The mixture of the pyrolysis oil stream and the hydrocarbon stream is catalytically cracked in the presence of a particulate cracking catalyst in the reaction zone. The pyrolysis oil stream is maintained at a temperature of less than or equal to about 100&#xb0; C. substantially up to introduction into the reaction zone.

Methods and apparatuses are provided for cracking a hydrocarbon. The method includes contacting a first hydrocarbon stream with a first cracking catalyst at a first cracking temperature in a first riser to produce a first riser effluent and a first spent catalyst. A second hydrocarbon stream is contacted with a second cracking catalyst at a second cracking temperature in a second riser to produce a second riser effluent and a second spent catalyst, where the second cracking temperature is less than the first cracking temperature. The first riser effluent and the second riser effluent are combined to produce a mixed riser effluent, and the mixed riser effluent is fractionated in a fractionation zone to produce a light cycle oil. The first spent catalyst and the second spent catalyst are combined in a reactor to produce a mixed spent catalyst.

Apparatuses and methods for cracking hydrocarbons

Methods and apparatus to improve hot gas filtration to reduce the liquid fuel loss caused by prolonged residence time at high temperatures are described. The improvement can be obtained by reducing the residence time at elevated temperature by reducing the temperature of the pyrolysis vapor, by reducing the volume of the pyrolysis vapor at the elevated temperature, by increasing the volumetric flow rate at constant volume of the pyrolysis vapor, or by doing a combination of these.

Method and apparatus for producing pyrolysis oil having improved stability

Methods and fuel processing apparatuses for upgrading a pyrolysis oil stream and a hydrocarbon stream are provided herein. In an embodiment, a method for upgrading a pyrolysis oil stream and a hydrocarbon stream includes providing a pyrolysis oil stream and providing a hydrocarbon stream separate from the pyrolysis oil stream. The pyrolysis oil stream and the hydrocarbon stream are mixed in a mixing zone and in the absence of a particulate cracking catalyst. The pyrolysis oil stream and the hydrocarbon stream are introduced in a substantially common direction into the mixing zone to form a mixture of the pyrolysis oil stream and the hydrocarbon stream. The mixture of the pyrolysis oil stream and the hydrocarbon stream are catalytically cracked in the presence of the particulate cracking catalyst.

Processes and apparatuses for washing a spent ion exchange bed and for treating biomass-derived pyrolysis oil are provided herein. An exemplary process for washing a spent ion exchange bed employed in purification of biomass-derived pyrolysis oil includes the step of providing a ion-depleted pyrolysis oil stream having an original oxygen content. The ion-depleted pyrolysis oil stream is partially hydrotreated to reduce the oxygen content thereof, thereby producing a partially hydrotreated pyrolysis oil stream having a residual oxygen content that is less than the original oxygen content. At least a portion of the partially hydrotreated pyrolysis oil stream is passed through the spent ion exchange bed. Water is passed through the spent ion exchange bed after passing at least the portion of the partially hydrotreated pyrolysis oil stream therethrough.

Processes for washing a spent ion exchange bed and for treating biomass-derived pyrolysis oil, and apparatuses for treating biomass-derived pyrolysis oil

Embodiments of methods and apparatuses for deoxygenating a biomass-derived pyrolysis oil are provided. In one example, a method comprises the steps of separating a low-oxygen biomass-derived pyrolysis oil effluent into a low-oxygen-pyoil organic phase stream and an aqueous phase stream. Phenolic compounds are removed from the aqueous phase stream to form a phenolic-rich diluent recycle stream. A biomass-derived pyrolysis oil stream is diluted and heated with the phenolic-rich diluent recycle stream to form a heated diluted pyoil feed stream. The heated diluted pyoil feed stream is contacted with a deoxygenating catalyst in the presence of hydrogen to deoxygenate the heated diluted pyoil feed stream.

Methods and apparatuses for deoxygenating biomass-derived pyrolysis oil

Methods for deoxygenating a biomass-derived pyrolysis oil are provided. A method for deoxygenating a biomass-derived pyrolysis oil comprising the steps of combining a biomass-derived pyrolysis oil stream with a heated low-oxygen-pyoil diluent recycle stream to form a heated diluted pyoil feed stream is provided. The heated diluted pyoil feed stream has a feed temperature of about 150&#xb0; C. or greater. The heated diluted pyoil feed stream is contacted with a first deoxygenating catalyst in the presence of hydrogen at first hydroprocessing conditions effective to form a low-oxygen biomass-derived pyrolysis oil effluent.

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Prospect Heights, IL, United States of America

Lance Awender Baird