Ovonic Battery Company, Inc.

Basf Corporation

Fdk Corporation

Ovonic Hydrogen Systems LLC

Energy Conversion Devices, Inc.

Texaco Ovonic Battery Systems, LLC

Texaco Ovonic Battery Company, Inc.

Young, Kwo

Kwo Young

Michael A Fetcenko

Stanford R Ovshinsky

Benjamin Reichman

William C Mays

Diana F Wong

Jean Nei

Beth Sommers

Taihei Ouchi

Cristian Fierro

Benjamin S Chao

John M Koch

Christian Fierro

Lixin Wang

Jun Su Im

Tiejun Meng

Craig Harrison

Shigekazu Yasuoka

James L Strebe

Hu Chao-Ian

Melanie Reinhout

Baoquan Huang

Feng Li

Avram Zallen

Shuli Yan

Wentao Li

Ben Chao

Simon K Y Ng

Michaela Fetcenko

Provided are uniquely structured electrochemically active particles characterized by a first electrochemically active material and a second electrochemically active material disposed about the first material whereby at least the second material includes a modifier present as a continuous transition concentration gradient from the first material into the second material whereby the concentration is lower in the first material than the second material. Also provided are processes of producing the particle and electrochemical cells incorporating the particles as a positive electrode material in a cathode.

Nickel hydroxide composite material for alkaline rechargeable battery

Electrolyte compositions comprising a) an ionic liquid and b) a protic acid and/or an organic solvent are suitable for use in electrochemical cells, e.g. metal hydride batteries. The electrolyte compositions may replace the currently employed 30% by weight aqueous KOH. Suitable protic acids include carboxylic acids, mineral acids, sulfonic acids and the like. Suitable organic solvents include organic carbonates, ethers, glymes, ortho esters, polyalkylene glycols, esters, lactones, glycols, formates, sulfones, sulfoxides, amides, alcohols, ketones, nitro solvents, nitrile solvents and combinations thereof. Present batteries may achieve a nominal open-circuit voltage of &#x3e;1.2 V (volts) and up to about 6 V. The electrolyte compositions allow enlargement of the electrochemical window, thus allowing the use of further cathode active materials. Further cathode active materials include transition metals and their oxides, hydroxides and fluorides; for example, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Tc, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Cd, Lu, Hf, Ta, W, Re, Os, Ir, Pt and Au and their oxides, hydroxides, oxide/hydroxides and fluorides.

Electrolyte compositions comprising ionic liquids and metal hydride batteries comprising same

Hydrogen storage negative electrodes based on group IV elements, for example hydrogen storage negative electrodes based on silicon and/or carbon, are highly effective towards reversibly charging/discharging hydrogen in an hydride electrochemical cell.

Electrochemical hydrogen storage electrodes and cells

A multi-phase hydrogen storage alloy comprising a hexagonal CeNiphase and a hexagonal PrCophase, where the CeNiphase abundance is &#x2265;30 wt % and the PrCophase abundance is &#x2265;8 wt % and where the alloy comprises a mischmetal where Nd in the mischmetal is &#x3c;50 at % or a multi-phase hydrogen storage alloy comprising one or more rare earth elements, a hexagonal CeNiphase and a hexagonal PrCophase, where the CeNiphase abundance is from about 30 to about 72 wt % and the PrCophase abundance is &#x2265;8 wt % have improved electrochemical performance. The alloys are useful in an electrode in a metal hydride battery, a fuel cell or a metal hydride air battery.

Hydrogen storage multi-phase alloys

Metal hydride batteries comprising an electrolyte composition which comprises an aqueous solution comprising potassium hydroxide (KOH) and one or more halide and/or oxyacid salts exhibit reduced degradation of the anode material during operation. The salts are for instance alkali metal salts. Anode materials exhibit for instance &#x3c;100 % of the degradation of the same anode material in the same battery when replacing the electrolyte composition with 30 weight percent (wt %) aqueous KOH and the conductivity of the electrolyte composition is for instance &#x2265;85 % of 30 wt % aqueous KOH. Anode materials are for example ABx high capacity hydrogen storage alloys comprising Mg where x is from about 0.5 to about 5 and which has a discharge capacity of &#x2265;400 mAh/g.

Electrolytes and metal hydride batteries

The present application discloses s an electrochemical cell (battery) comprising a hydrogen storage negative electrode (anode), a positive electrode (cathode) and a solid proton-conducting electrolyte in contact with the electrodes. The solid proton-conducting electrolyte comprises a silicon material which comprises at least 35 at % silicon.

Silicon-based solid electrolyte for rechargeable battery

A metal hydride battery comprising at least one negative electrode, at least one positive electrode, a casing having said electrodes positioned therein and an electrolyte composition, where the electrolyte composition comprises an ionic compound selected from the group consisting of protic acids, protic ammonium compounds, protic oxonium compounds, aprotic ammonium compounds, aprotic oxonium compounds, aprotic phosphonium compounds and alkali or alkali earth metal salts; or where the electrolyte composition comprises an ionic compound selected from the group consisting of alkali or alkali earth metal hydroxides and alkali or alkali earth metal alkoxides and an organic solvent; or where the electrolyte composition comprises an alkali metal hydroxide, water and one or more further components selected from the group consisting of organic solvents, further ionic compounds and additives; or where the electrolyte composition comprises an ionic compound selected from the group consisting of carboxylate compounds and carboxylic acids. Ionic compounds include ionic liquids and salts. Metal hydride batteries comprising certain electrolyte compositions have a nominal open-circuit voltage of from about 1.5 V to about 5.0 V.

Disclosed is an anode for a lithium battery comprising a body of carbon, such as graphitic carbon, having a layer of a Group IV element or Group IV element-containing substance disposed upon its electrolyte contacting surface. Further disclosed is an anode comprising a body of carbon having an SEI layer formed thereupon by interaction of a layer of Group IV element or Group IV element-containing substance with an electrolyte material during the initial charging of the battery.

Stabilized anode for lithium battery and method for its manufacture

Hydrogen storage alloys comprising a metal oxide containing &#x2265;60 at % oxygen; and/or comprising a metal region adjacent to a boundary region, which boundary region comprises at least one channel; and/or comprising a metal region adjacent to a boundary region, where the boundary region has a length and an average width, where the average width is from about 12 nm to about 1100 nm; and/or comprising a metal oxide zone comprising a metal oxide, which oxide zone is aligned with at least one channel; and/or comprising a Ni/Cr metal oxide have improved electrochemical properties, for instance improved low temperature electrochemical performance.

Hydrogen storage alloys

Heterogeneous metal hydride (MH) compositions comprising a main region comprising a first metal hydride and a secondary region comprising one or more additional components selected from the group consisting of second metal hydrides, metals, metal alloys and further metal compounds are suitable as anode materials for lithium ion cells. The first metal hydride is for example MgH. Methods for preparing the composition include coating, mechanical grinding, sintering, heat treatment and quenching techniques.

Metal hydride compositions and lithium ion batteries

Certain nickel hydroxide active cathode materials for use in alkaline rechargeable batteries are capable of transferring &#x3e;1.3 electrons per Ni atom under reversible electrochemical conditions. The specific capacity of the nickel hydroxide active materials is for example &#x2265;325 mAh/g. The cathode active materials exhibit an additional discharge plateau near 0.8 V vs. a metal hydride (MH) anode. Ni in an oxidation state of less than 2, such as Ni, is able to participate in electrochemical reactions when using the present cathode active materials. It is possible that up to 2.3 electrons, up to 2.5 electrons or more may be transferred per Ni atom under electrochemical conditions.

Nickel hydroxide positive electrode for alkaline rechargeable battery

Certain nickel hydroxide active cathode materials for use in alkaline rechargeable batteries are capable of transferring &#x3e;1.3 electrons per Ni atom under reversible electrochemical conditions. The specific capacity of the nickel hydroxide active materials is for example &#x2267;325 mAh/g. The cathode active materials exhibit an additional discharge plateau near 0.8 V vs. a metal hydride (MH) anode. Ni in an oxidation state of less than 2, such as Ni, is able to participate in electrochemical reactions when using the present cathode active materials. It is possible that up to 2.3 electrons, up to 2.5 electrons or more may be transferred per Ni atom under electrochemical conditions.

Hydrogen storage alloys comprising a) at least one main phase, b) a storage secondary phase and c) a catalytic secondary phase, where the weight ratio of the catalytic secondary phase abundance to the storage secondary phase abundance is &#x2267;3; or comprising a) at least one main phase, b) from 0 to about 13.3 wt % of a storage secondary phase and c) a catalytic secondary phase, where the alloy comprises from 0.05 at % to 0.98 at % of one or more rare earth elements; or comprising a) at least one main phase, b) from 0 to about 13.3 wt % of a storage secondary phase and c) a catalytic secondary phase, where the alloy comprises for example i) one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Ti, Zr, Nb and Hf and ii) one or more elements selected from the group consisting of V, Cr, Mn, Ni, Sn, Al, Co, Cu, Mo, W, Fe, Si, Sn and rare earth elements, where the atomic ratio of ii) to i) is from about 1.80 to about 1.98, exhibit improved electrochemical properties, for instance improved low temperature electrochemical performance.

Growing community of inventors

Troy, MI, United States of America

Kwo Young