Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.

Ecarplug Co., Ltd.

Kwangseob Shin

Junghwan Choi

Youngdon Choi

Younghoon Son

Jaewoo Park

Jindo Byun

A multi-level signal receiver includes a data sampler circuit and a reference voltage generator circuit. The data sampler includes (M&#x2212;1) sense amplifiers which compare a multi-level signal having one of M voltage levels different from each other with (M&#x2212;1) reference voltages. The data sampler generates a target data signal including N bits, M is an integer greater than two and N is an integer greater than one. The reference voltage generator generates the (M&#x2212;1) reference voltages, At least two sense amplifiers of the (M&#x2212;1) sense amplifiers have different sensing characteristics.

Multi-level signal receivers and memory systems including the same

A multi-level signal receiver includes a data sampler having (M&#x2212;1) sense amplifiers therein, which are configured to compare a multi-level signal having one of M voltage levels with (M&#x2212;1) reference voltages, to thereby generate (M&#x2212;1) comparison signals. The data sampler is further configured to generate a target data signal including N bits, where M is an integer greater than two and N is an integer greater than one. An equalization controller is provided, which is configured to train the (M&#x2212;1) sense amplifiers by: (i) adjusting at least one of (M&#x2212;1) voltage intervals during a first training mode, and (ii) adjusting levels of the (M&#x2212;1) reference voltages during a second training mode, based on equalized values of the (M&#x2212;1) comparison signals, where each of the (M&#x2212;1) voltage intervals represents a difference between two adjacent voltage levels from among the M voltage levels.

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Anyang-si, South Korea

Kwangseob Shin