Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha

Renesas Technology Corp.

Kabushiki Kaisha Topcon

Renesas Electronics Corporation

Kunihiko Hara

Eiichi Funatsu

Masatoshi Kimura

Yasuyuki Endo

Yoshikazu Nitta

Hiroshi Kubo

Kazuo Kyuma

Takashi Toyoda

Shuichi Tai

Masaya Oita

Jun Ohta

Yasunari Miyake

Takefumi Hayashi

Yasuo Kato

Ken Suzuki

Hiroshi Iijima

Hiroshi Kage

Yutaka Arima

Yasuhisa Ishikura

Keisuke Kojima

Yuichi Koshiba

Saeko Uchida

Takayuki Usui

Eberhard Lange

Syuichi Tai

In a pixel part, in a first active region, a photodiode and a transferring transistor are formed. In a second active region, a resetting transistor is formed. In a pixel part, in a first active region, a photodiode and a transferring transistor are formed. In a second active region, an amplifying transistor is formed. The first and second active regions are respectively the same in shape in image pixel parts. The resetting transistor and the amplifying transistor are shared by the pixel parts.

Image pickup element performing image detection of high resolution and high image quality and image pickup apparatus including the same

There is provided an image processor and a method thereof for high-speed compensation for taken-image blurs produced by camera shakes or the like. In the first instance, a motion-detecting area is selected for each of two images taken by an image sensor. When projective data is calculated by means of computing in a predetermined direction pixels of the motion-detecting areas, the motion vector between the two images can be acquired based on the projective data. The image correlativity between the two images is then calculated in the direction that the motion vector designates; and the amount of pixel displacement between the two images is calculated based on the correlativity values acquired by the calculation. Moreover, the area that has been produced by displacing an image output area in a camera-shake compensation area designated in the second frame, by the pixel-displacement amount calculated by a displacement calculator is cut away from the camera-shake compensation area, and is outputted as an image for the image output area of the second frame.

Image processor

An imaging device reads an output level of a pixel circuit constituting a pixel array by supplying current to the pixel circuit. It reads a signal level and reset level from the pixel circuit by supplying it with the current from a current source circuit, and stores them into a line memory. A pixel level of the pixel circuit is obtained by a differential amplifier that outputs the difference between the signal level and reset level of the same pixel circuit. The gate potential of a current copier transistor that supplies the read current is set at a value that enables the read current to take a constant value from column to column of the pixel array. The image device can suppress variations in the current copier circuit provided for each array column of the pixel circuits, thereby reducing string-like noise in the image picked up.

Imaging device with suppressed inter-column variations

An ophthalmologic apparatus is disclosed, in which even in the case where the range of lateral relative movement of a trestle is limited with respect to a base, the measurement can be continued without enlarging the space occupied by the apparatus body and without imposing an extra burden on the testee. The apparatus comprises a trestle ( ) mounted on a base ( ) and laterally movable relative to the base ( ) and has a limited range, and a measuring head portion ( ) mounted on the trestle ( ) and automatically laterally moved relative to the trestle ( ) with respect to a reference position (H ). In the case where the trestle ( ) moves rightward or leftward and reaches a movement limit position O , O , the reference position (H ) of the measuring head portion ( ) with respect to the trestle ( ) is shifted in the direction in which the trestle ( ) moves.

Ophthalmologic apparatus

An ophthalmological apparatus includes: a main unit section having a movable optical system housing which houses an optical system for shooting or examining an eye to be examined; a manual operation unit manually positioning the main unit section; an alignment chart projection unit projecting onto the eye an chart luminous flux for alignment; a chart detection unit detecting the reflected luminous flux of the chart luminous flux reflected on the eye; an alignment unit moving the optical system housing with respect to the main unit section on the basis of a detection result of the chart detection unit in a case where the main unit section is positioned by the manual operation unit so that the chart detection unit detects the reflected luminous flux; a position information detection unit detecting information about variations in position of the main unit section caused by the manual operation unit during the operation of the chart detection unit; and a correction unit correcting the moving amount of the optical system housing to be moved by the alignment unit on the basis of a detection result of the position information detection unit.

Ophthalmological apparatus

A photodetector device for converting incident light to an electrical signal has two pn junctions or two MOS junctions fabricated in a silicon substrate. Preferably, a control terminal is provided between the two junctions. A photodetection circuit including a photodetector device has a variable sensitivity and can change the polarity of the output of the photodetector device. For example, the photodetection circuits may have a circuit for providing a bias voltage of one of the two polarities to the photodetector device. The photodetection circuit may have a circuit for changing the polarity of the output signal from the photodetector device.

Photodetector and photodetection circuit

An objective refraction measurement apparatus includes a separate chart having a pair of charts arranged separately, an optical system for projecting the separate chart to an eye to be examined through a focusing lens and a diaphragm having a pair of through holes arranged corresponding to the separate arrangement of the pair of charts, an operating unit for performing focusing operation to the eye, and a control unit for moving the focusing lens on the basis of the focusing operation along the optical axis direction by the operating unit to obtain the projection images of the pair of charts in the separate chart to the eye in an identical condition or a non-identical condition, thereby to perform a subjective measurement of the eye.

Objectives refraction measuring apparatus

An apparatus for sensing and processing images is provided with a photo detector array arranged in a matrix form, a control circuit for feeding a row of the array with voltage for sensitivity control, and a neural network for processing current flowing from a column of the array to the ground in order to obtain an apparatus for sensing and processing images having a simple configuration, a high frame speed, the capability of forming a focus of attention, and high throughput of data and possibility of connecting to the neural network.

Apparatus and method for sensing and processing images

A product-sum calculation apparatus is provided for cumulatively adding up respective products of first input data and second input data. There is further provided a product-sum calculation unit integrated circuit apparatus including the product-sum calculation apparatus, and a cumulative adder. In the product-sum calculation apparatus, a barrel shifter shifts the first input data by a predetermined number of bits based on the second input data, and an adder adds the shifted data outputted from the barrel shifter and inputted through a first input terminal thereof, and data inputted through a second input terminal thereof. A register temporarily stores data outputted from the adder, outputs a stored data to the adder through the second input terminal of the adder, and outputs the stored data through an output terminal. Further, there is provided a multiplexer for selecting either one of third input data inputted through a first input terminal thereof, and data inputted through a second input terminal thereof. Accordingly, the product-sum calculation apparatus calculates a product of the first input data and the second input data, calculates a sum of a calculated product and the third input data, and outputs a calculated sum from the output terminal.

Product-sum calculation apparatus, product-sum calculating unit

In an image sensing apparatus, an array of two-dimensional matrix of photosensitive devices is used to detect an image. Each photosensitive device comprises a photosensor accumulating carriers when exposed to a light, control terminals, and an output terminal. A signal generator supplies a vector or a one-dimensional data to the control terminals in the array to output pixel data of the two-dimensional matrix, and the pixel signal is output through the output terminal. The control terminals of the photosensors arranged along each line are connected commonly, while the output terminals thereof arranged along each column are connected commonly. A controller supplies control signals to the control terminals. Then, pixel signal for columns designated by a control signal are output through an output circuit connected to the control terminals. Then, a partial region in the array including a region exposed by the light is determined according to the pixel signals, and data on the partial region is sent to the controller. Then, the controller supplies control signals in correspondence to the partial region. Then, correlation operation of the control signals with the amount of carriers in the photosensors are carried out while reading the pixel signals, and the pixel signals in the partial region is output.

Image sensing device and image sensing method

A photodetector has a semiconductor substrate which produces light-induced charge upon the absorption of incident light. A first electrode and a second electrode are attached to the surface of the semiconductor substrate so as to form metal-semiconductor junctions. When control voltage V.sub.B, which is variable in a positive range through a negative range, is applied to the first electrode, a photocurrent flows through the second electrode and depletion layers are formed in the surface of the semiconductor substrate. The control voltage V.sub.B applied to the first electrode increases the expanse of one of the depletion layers relative to that of the other to cause the light-induced charge to drift toward one of the depletion layers or the other. Consequently, a positive or negative current is delivered through the second electrode. Thus, the photosensitivity of the photodetector can be controlled by the control voltage V.sub.B.

Photodetector, a photodector array comprising photodetectors, an object

An optical logic element includes an optical bistable npnp element for switching from a high resistance state to a low resistance state in response to electrical bias and incident light energy in which the switching time becomes shorter as the incident light energy becomes larger. The elements emit light in the low resistance on state. The optical logic element is designed for analog threshold processing of light energy. A plurality of optical bistable elements connected in parallel differentially threshold process incident light energy. An opto-electronic conversion apparatus includes linear arrays of light emitting elements, a two-dimensional array of optical memories, i.e., optical bistable elements, and linear light receiving element arrays arranged transverse to the light emitting element arrays, all integrated with each other. Corresponding light emitting elements, optical memories, and light receiving elements permit arbitrary transfers of signals. Periodic refresh light pulses maintain each optical memory in an established state.

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Hyogo, Japan

Kunihiko Hara