Alcatel Lucent

Alcatel-lucent USA Inc.

Lucent Technologies Inc.

Kun-Yii Tu

Young-Kai Chen

Mahmoud Rasras

Andreas Leven

Ting-Chen Hu

Douglas Max Gill

Noriaki Kaneda

Sanjay Patel

Ut-Va Koc

Chun Chieh Kung

Sreenath Krishnamurthy

There is provided a method and apparatus for optically filtering a communication signal. More specifically, in one embodiment, there is provided an apparatus comprising an optical filter having first and second input ports and first and second output ports, the optical filter being configured to transmit light in a target frequency range to the first output port in response to receiving light at the first input port and being configured to transmit light in the target frequency range to the second input port in response to receiving light at the second output port, and first and second photodiodes, the first diode being located to be illuminated by light from the first output port and the second photodiode being located to be illuminated by light from the second input port.

Method and apparatus for optically filtering a communication signal

An optical path is configured to propagate an input optical signal. A plurality of electrodes are configured to produce a plurality of discrete phase shifts on the optical signal. An output optical signal is phase-shifted with respect to the input optical signal by a sum of the plurality of discrete phase shifts.

Photonic match filter

In a radio frequency (RF)-photonic arbitrary waveform generator (AWG), an optical carrier signal is phase-modulated using an arbitrary waveform optical phase generator (AWPOG), which may include, e.g., sequential optical phase modulators. The phase-modulated optical signal is combined with a version of the optical carrier signal to yield an optical waveform, whose amplitude varies with a phase shift introduced by the AWPOG to the optical carrier signal. By manipulating electrical inputs to the AWPOG which control the phase shift, the optical waveform can be arbitrary shaped. The optical waveform may then be converted to an electrical waveform having a radio frequency.

Photonic technique for generating arbitrary waveforms

An apparatus and method for reducing electrical signal intermodulation by processing a balanced electrical signal in the optical domain in a manner adapted to reduce noise and second order intermodulation, and converting the processed optical signal back to an electrical domain signal with either a single or balanced (differential) outputs.

Balanced optical signal processor

Programmable wavelength line switches and routers based on a complementary wavelength switch (CWS) building block are described for switching optical signals of different wavelengths between signal lines, with each carrying multiple wavelengths. The CWS building block is based on a complementary bandpass filter structure. The reconfigurable wavelength routers described allow any of a plurality of wavelengths on any line to be switched to any output line by programming the filters accordingly. The various implementations described are useful for wavelength division multiplexing (WDM), dense WDM, and ultra dense WDM optical communications systems, as well as for on-chip interconnects and optical signal processing.

Reconfigurable DWDM wavelength switch based on complementary bandpass filters

According to one embodiment, a microwave photonic band-stop (MPBS) filter uses an electrical input signal to drive an optical Mach-Zehnder modulator. A modulated optical carrier produced by the modulator is applied to an optical filter having at least two tunable spectral attenuation bands that are located substantially symmetrically on either side of the carrier frequency. The resulting filtered optical signal is applied to an optical-to-electrical (O/E) converter to produce an electrical output signal.

CMOS-compatible tunable microwave photonic band-stop filter

A self-calibrating integrated photonic circuit and a method of controlling the same. In one embodiment, the circuit includes: (1) a substrate, (2) a laser located on the substrate and configured to produce source light at an output frequency, (3) a laser alignment sensor located on the substrate and including: (3) a reference optical resonator configured to receive the source light, have a null proximate a predetermined center frequency and provide output light as a function of a relationship between the output frequency and the center frequency and (3) a photodetector configured to provide an electrical signal of a magnitude that is based on the output light and (4) a calibration controller located on the substrate, coupled to the photodetector and configured to adjust the output frequency based on the magnitude.

Self-Calibrating integrated photonic circuit and method of control thereof

An apparatus having a topology that allows building complicated optical programmable arrays useful for manipulating the phase and/or amplitude of an optical signal. Sophisticated filtering and other optical signal processing functionality can be programmed into the array after a chip containing the array has been fabricated. This programming capability is analogous to that of electronic field programmable gate arrays (FPGA's). Apparatus described herein will provide a powerful tool for processing optical signals or very broadband electrical signals.

Programmable optical array

A method and apparatus are provided for performing electronic equalization in optical communication systems. Coefficient values in equalizers, such as feed forward equalizers or decision feedback equalizers, are updated using higher-order algorithms in the Least-Mean-2Nth-Order family. An optical receiver includes a photo-detector for converting a received optical signal to an electrical signal; and an equalizer for removing intersymbol interference from the electrical signal, wherein coefficients of the equalizer are updated based upon a least-mean 2N-order (LMN) algorithm (N is greater than one). Feed forward equalizer and decision feedback equalizer implementations are disclosed. The non-symmetric nature of optical noise is addressed by varying A slicer threshold based on an incoming signal distribution to reduce bit errors.

Method and apparatus for electronic equalization in optical communication systems

An optical digital-to-analog conversion is realized by employing either a continuous wave or pulsed laser optical signal. The laser optical signal is split into a plurality of mutually coherent optical beams, which are phase shift modulated by bits of a digital data sequence to be converted to an analog signal. The phase shift modulated optical beams are recombined to realize the desired digital-to-analog converted optical signal.

Optical digital-to-analog converter

An interference protection system includes a receiving section for receiving an electromagnetic signal, a detector for detecting a jamming signal, and a control system for orienting a changeable null direction of an antenna system to reduce interference in a receiver from the jamming signal.

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Califon, NJ, United States of America

Kun-Yii Tu