3M Innovative Properties Company

Krzysztof A Lewinski

Andrew J L Steinbach

Sean M Luopa

Andrew T Haug

Amy E Hester

Grant M Thoma

Mark Kevitt Debe

Michael C Palazzotto

Stefan H Gryska

Gregory M Haugen

Cedric Bedoya

Steven Joseph Hamrock

Thomas Herdtle

David Adrian Ylitalo

George D Vernstrom

Shane Shanhong Mao

Marina M Kaplun

Jiyoung Park

Tyler S Matthews

Raymond Patrick Johnston

Michael Andrew Yandrasits

David J Rowe

Edward M Fischer

Attila A Molnar

Radoslav Atanasoski

Hamid R Mortazavi

Kim B Saulsbury

John H Thomas, Iii

James A Phipps

Jeffrey P Greeley

Cemal S Duru

Jonah D Erlebacher

Zhenhua Zeng

Attila Molnar

Andrew JL Steinbach

Stefan H Gyrska

Catalyst comprising an Ir layer having an outer layer with a layer comprising Pt directly thereon, wherein the Ir layer has an average thickness in a range from 0.04 to 30 nanometers, wherein the layer comprising Pt has an average thickness in a range from 0.04 to 50 nanometers, and wherein the Pt and Ir are present in an atomic ratio in a range from 0.01:1 to 10:1. Catalysts described herein are useful, for example, in fuel cell membrane electrode assemblies.

Catalyst

Nanoporous oxygen reduction catalyst material comprising at least 90 collectively Pt, Ni, and Ta. The nanoporous oxygen reduction catalyst material is useful, for example, in fuel cell membrane electrode assemblies.

Catalysts comprising a Ta layer having an outer layer with a layer comprising Pt directly thereon, wherein the Ta layer has an average thickness in a range from 0.04 to 30 nanometers, wherein the layer comprising Pt has an average thickness in a range from 0.04 to 50 nanometers, and wherein the Pt and Ta are present in an atomic ratio in a range from 0.01:1 to 10:1. Catalyst described herein are useful, for example, in fuel cell membrane electrode assemblies.

A water electrolyzer comprises a membrane, a cathode and an anode. The membrane comprises a first membrane layer comprising a first ion-conductive polymer, a second membrane layer comprising a second ion-conductive polymer, and a platinized nanostructured layer disposed between the first layer and the second layer. The platinized nanostructured layer comprises close-packed whiskers having at least one of platinum or platinum oxide disposed thereon. The cathode is disposed on the membrane and comprises a first catalyst consisting essentially of both metallic Pt and Pt oxide. The anode is disposed on the opposite surface of the membrane and comprises a second catalyst comprising at least 95 percent by weight of collectively metallic Ir and Ir oxide, calculated as elemental Ir, based on the total weight of the second catalyst, wherein at least one of metallic Ir or Ir oxide is present. Membranes and methods of making them are also disclosed.

Membrane, membrane electrode assembly, and water electrolyzer including the same

Catalyst comprising a first layer having an outer layer with a layer comprising Pt directly thereon, wherein the first layer has an average thickness in a range from 0.04 to 30 nanometers, and wherein the layer. Catalysts described herein are useful, for example, in fuel cell membrane electrode assemblies.

Water electrolyzer comprising a membrane having first and second opposed major surfaces, a thickness extending between the first and second major surfaces, and first, second, and third regions equally spaced across the thickness, wherein the first region is the closest region to the first major surface, wherein the second region is the closest region to the second major surface, wherein the third region is located between the first and second regions, wherein the first and third regions are each essentially free of both metallic Pt and Pt oxide, and wherein the second region comprises at least one of metallic Pt or Pt oxide; a cathode comprising a first catalyst on the first major surface of the membrane; and an anode comprising a second catalyst on the second major surface of the membrane.

Water electrolyzers

Catalysts comprising nanostructured elements comprising microstructured whiskers having an outer surface at least partially covered by a catalyst material comprising at least 90 atomic percent collectively Pt, Ni, and Cr, wherein the Pt is present in a range from 32.4 to 35.8 atomic percent, the Ni is present in a range from 57.7 to 63.7 atomic percent, and the Cr is present in a range from 0.5 to 10.0 atomic percent, and wherein the total atomic percent of Pt, Ni, and Cr equals 100. Catalyst described herein are useful, for example, in fuel cell membrane electrode assemblies.

Catalyst comprising Pt, Ni, and Cr

Described herein is a process for the reduction of carbon dioxide comprising:

Ionic polymer membrane for a carbon dioxide electrolyzer

Electrode membrane assembly having an oxygen evolution reaction electrodes, the electrode membrane assembly comprising nanostructured whiskers with at least one of metallic Ir or Ir oxide thereon. These oxygen evolution reaction electrodes when paired with suitable hydrogen evolution electrodes are useful, for example, in generating Hand Ofrom water.

Electrode membrane assembly having an oxygen evolution catalyst electrodes, and methods of making and using the same

Described herein is a process for the reduction of carbon dioxide comprising: providing an electrochemical device comprising an anode, a cathode, and a polymeric anion exchange membrane therebetween, wherein the polymeric anion exchange membrane comprises an anion exchange polymer, wherein the anion exchange polymer comprises at least one positively charged group selected from a guanidinium, a guanidinium derivative, an N-alkyl conjugated heterocyclic cation, or combinations thereof; introducing a composition comprising carbon dioxide to the cathode; and applying electrical energy to the electrochemical device to effect electrochemical reduction of the carbon dioxide.

A sensor element includes first and second conductive electrodes that include interconnected carbon fibers. At least one or the first or second conductive electrodes is porous. The electrodes are separated by a porous dielectric detection layer including a sorbent material. Methods of making a sensor element and analyzing an analyte vapor are also disclosed.

Sensor element, method of making, and method of using the same

A humidity sensor element includes a dielectric substrate, a nonporous conductive electrode disposed on the dielectric substrate, a permeable conductive electrode having a thickness in a range of from 4 to 10 nanometers and permeable by water vapor, and a detection layer sandwiched between the nonporous conductive electrode and the permeable conductive electrode. The permeable conductive electrode is parallel to the nonporous electrode. Both conductive electrodes have respective conductive leads attached thereto. The detection layer includes a copolymer having monomeric units comprising wherein M represents H, or an alkali metal. A humidity sensor including the humidity sensor element is also disclosed. 

Humidity sensor and sensor element therefor

A humidity sensor element includes a dielectric substrate, a nonporous conductive electrode disposed on the dielectric substrate, a permeable conductive electrode having a thickness in a range of from 4 to 10 nanometers and permeable by water vapor, and a detection layer disposed between the nonporous conductive electrode and the permeable conductive electrode. Both conductive electrodes have respective conductive leads attached thereto. The detection layer includes a sulfonated copolymer including monomeric units comprising (I) and (II), Wherein x and y are independently integers in the range of from 2 to 6, and wherein each M independently represents H or an alkali metal. A humidity sensor including the humidity sensor element is also disclosed. 

Humidity sensor and sensor element

A fuel cell assembly includes first and second compression members. Two or more membrane electrode assembly (MEA) stacks are disposed between the compression members, each MEA stack having a positive and negative end. A first current collector is electrically coupled to a positive end of a first stack of the MEA stacks. A second current collector is electrically coupled to a negative end of a second stack of the MEA stacks. A current shunt is disposed between the compression members and electrically couples the MEA stacks.

Compact fuel cell stack with current shunt

A fuel cell cathode catalyst is provided which comprises nanostructured elements comprising microstructured support whiskers bearing nanoscopic catalyst particles. The nanoscopic catalyst particles are made by the alternating application of first and second layers, the first layer comprising platinum and the second layer being an alloy or intimate mixture of iron and a second metal selected from the group consisting of Group VIb metals, Group VIIb metals and Group VIIIb metals other than platinum and iron, where the atomic ratio of iron to the second metal in the second layer is between 0 and 10, where the planar equivalent thickness ratio of the first layer to the second layer is between 0.3 and 5, and wherein the average bilayer planar equivalent thickness of the first and second layers is less than 100 &#x212b;.

Growing community of inventors

Mahtomedi, MN, United States of America

Krzysztof A Lewinski