Ricoh Company, Ltd.

Kohsuke Miyazaki

Koichi Sakata

Masashi Nagayama

Shinya Nakagawa

Saori Yamada

Mariko Takii

Tohru Suganuma

Haruki Murata

Masahiro Seki

Kei Niwayama

Hiroyuki Kishida

Toyoaki Tano

Takafumi Sasaki

Yoshihiro Murasawa

Shinichiroh Satoh

Hiroyuki Miyata

Junjiroh Sogame

Naoki Oya

Takumi Yokoyama

Osamu Mizuta

Provided is a powder material for producing a three-dimensional object including: a base material; a resin; and resin particles, wherein an amount W (mass %) of carbon remaining in the powder material after heating in a vacuum of 10Pa or lower at 450 degrees C. for 2 hours satisfies the following formula: W (mass %)&#x3c;0.9/M, where M represents the specific gravity of the base material.

Powder material for producing three-dimensional object, kit for producing three-dimensional object, and three-dimensional object producing method and apparatus

A carrier is provided including a core particle and a resin layer coating the surface of the core particle. The resin layer includes fine metal particles, and a detected metal element amount A obtained by X-ray photoelectron spectrometry of the surface of the carrier is in a range of 4.0 atomic %&#x2264;A&#x2264;20.0 atomic % and an average major-axis length B of the fine metal particle exposing from the resin layer is in a range of 100 nm&#x2264;B&#x2264;800 nm.

Carrier, developer, supplemental developer, image forming apparatus, image forming method, and process cartridge

A carrier for a developer of an electrostatic latent image, the carrier including: core particles having magnetism; and a coating layer coating a surface of each of the core particles, wherein the coating layer includes two or more kinds of inorganic particles, at least one kind of inorganic particles among the two or more kinds of inorganic particles is inorganic particles A having conductivity and a peak particle diameter of from 300 nm through 1,000 nm, and surface roughness of the carrier calculated by Formula 1 below is from 1.10 m/g through 1.90 m/g,C&#x2212;F&#x2003;&#x2003;Formula 1where C is a BET specific surface area (m/g) of the carrier and F is a BET specific surface area (m/g) of the core particles.

Carrier for developer of electrostatic latent image, developer, and image forming apparatus

Carrier for image forming includes a core material particle including a magnetic material and a coating layer disposed on the surface of the core material particle, the coating layer including a resin, carbon black, an inorganic particulate A, and an inorganic particulate B. The carbon black has a concentration gradient along a thickness direction of the coating layer with a concentration from high to low toward a surface of the coating layer while the inorganic particulate A has a concentration gradient along a thickness direction of the coating layer with a concentration from low to high toward the surface of the coating layer. The volume ratio of the carbon black is 0-30 percent at a depth range of 0.0-0.1 &#x3bc;m from the surface of the coating layer. The inorganic particulate A is electroconductive with a powder specific resistance of 200 &#x3a9;&#xb7;cm or less.

Carrier, developing agent, image forming apparatus, image forming method, replenishment toner, and process cartridge

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Shizuoka, Japan

Kohsuke Miyazaki