Siemens Aktiengesellschaft

Tzn Forschungs- Und Entwicklungszentrum Unterluss Gmbh

Tzn Forschungz- Und Entwicklungszentrum Unterluss Gmbh

Klemens Schmitt

Gerd Herziger

Horst Seunik

Helmut Schuelke

Walter Schaube

Rolf Wester

Method for determining the condition of a roadway surface

A system for determining the average water film thickness on surfaces, and in particular roadways, with the reflection of microwaves on the surface of the film of water being measured. To be able to easily measure water film thicknesses of several millimeters without contact and with great accuracy, the system includes at least two partial systems which each comprise a signal source and a receiver. The individual partial systems operate at different frequencies which are selected such that the maximum accuracy measuring regions associated with the respective frequencies are contiguous and cover the predetermined water film thickness range to be determined. The partial systems are connected with a sampling and control device which activates at least that partial system which exhibits maximum measuring accuracy for the respective water film thickness being measured and utilizes only the output signal from the receiver of that partial system for the measurement.

Apparatus for determining the average water film thickness of road

A gas laser which has transverse high frequency exitation and which is improved in efficiency and in power density by the use of a coupling structure which assures a roughly positional independent electrical field strength for each neutral particle density in the full discharge space and this is accomplished with capacitance electrodes (2) between which the discharge space of a laser are arranged in a cavity resonator and wherein the mutual spacings between the capacitive electrodes (2) are positionally dependent and are selected such that they assure that an electrical field strength proportional to the neutral particle density occurs.

Gas laser with different positional dependent mutual spacings between

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Rothenbach, Germany

Klemens Schmitt