Raychem Limited

Nexeon Limited

Tyco Electronics Corporation

Klaus J Dahl

Viktors Jansons

John G Lahlouh

Vijay Daga

Patrick J Horner

Heinrich C Gors

Marie Kerlau

Richard Harold Whiteley

Sarah Goertzen

Stephen S Moore

Provided are active materials for electrochemical cells. The active materials include silicon containing structures and treatment layers covering at least some surface of these structures. The treatment layers may include aminosilane, a poly(amine), and a poly(imine). These layers are used to increase adhesion of the structures to polymer binders within active material layers of the electrode. As such, when the silicon containing structures change their size during cycling, the bonds between the binder and the silicon containing structure structures or, more specifically, the bonds between the binder and the treatment layer are retained and cycling characteristics of the electrochemical cells are preserved. Also provided are electrochemical cells fabricated with such active materials and methods of fabricating these active materials and electrochemical cells.

Surface treated silicon containing active materials for electrochemical cells

Pigments and compositions for use in laser marking

Novel aromatic poly(ether ketones) having imide, amide, ester, azo, quinoxaline, benzimidazole, benzoxazole, or benzothiazole groups, comprising, for example, a repeat unit ##STR1## are prepared by Friedel Crafts polymerization.

Aromatic polymers

Novel aromatic polymers

This invention relates to novel copolymers derived from diphenyl ether, terephthalic acid derivative and a third monomer of the formula ##STR1## where n=1 or 2. The copolymers can be prepared by Friedel-Crafts polymerization. Preferred copolymers are derived from diphenyl ether, terephthaloyl chloride, and 1,4-diphenoxybenzene.

Aryl ether ketone copolymers

A polymer of the general formula: R'--M--Ar--B--Ar'--MArBAr'--.sub.k-2 M--Ar--B--Ar'--R wherein M and D, which can be the same or different, are independently ##STR1## wherein each Ar is independently

Aromatic ketone and sulfone polymers and process for the preparation

In a Friedel-Crafts catalyzed polymerization reaction, said reaction being selected from the group consisting of

Process for isolation of solid polymers

The molecular weight of highly aromatic polymers made by the Friedel-Crafts polymerization of EN monomers of the formula Ar--L--Ar.sup.1 --X, wherein X is selected from SO.sub.2 Y or COY, Y being a radical selected from --OH, halogen, or alkyl, wherein Ar and Ar.sup.1 are independently ##STR1## wherein L is --CO--, --SO.sub.2 --, phenyleneoxy, --NHCO--, a covalent bond, --O--, or --CR.sub.2 --, wherein each R is independently hydrogen, an alkyl or fluoroalkyl group, phenyl or a phenyl group substituted by an electron withdrawing group such as halogen, NO.sub.2 or --CN, is controlled by including in the reaction mixture an acylatable aromatic compound whose rate of acylation under Friedel-Crafts conditions is at least about 150 times that of benzene. The molecular weight of other polymers made from EN type monomers by Friedel-Crafts catalysis can also be controlled in this way.

Friedel-Crafts polymerization of monomers in the preparation of

Polymers whose repeating units are of structure ##STR1## are prepared by polymerization of novel biphenylyloxybenzoyl moiety-containing monomers reactive in HF and BF.sub.3 to form carboxonium ion-containing intermediates (e.g., biphenylyloxybenzoyl halide monomer), preferably in the presence of aromatic capping agents sufficient in amount to yield polymer of mean inherent viscosity from about 0.5 to 1.7. Such polymer may be employed, e.g., for insulative coating of conductive articles such as wire and cable.

Polyketones and methods therefor

Described herein are melt-processable, solvent resistant polymers comprised of repeating units of formula ##STR1## having a tensile elongation to break of at least about 50% at room temperature and mean inherent viscosity within the range from about 0.8 to about 1.65. The polymers, which are suitable for high temperature resistant wire insulation, are prepared, e.g., by the hydrogen fluoride-boron trifluoride catalyzed polymerization of a p-phenoxybenzoyl moiety-containing monomer (e.g., p-phenoxybenzoyl halide, p-phenoxybenzoic acid, or C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 alkyl p-phenoxybenzoates) in the presence of a capping agent whose reactivity to acetylation is greater than about 150 relative to benzene reactivity of 1. Wet workup and spray drying techniques are described, the latter preferably including dilution of hydrogen fluoride with liquid SO.sub.2, either before or after polymerization.

Electrical conductor insulated by a polyketones

Polymers whose repeating units are of structure ##SPC1## Are prepared by polymerization of novel biphenylyloxybenzoyl moiety-containing monomers reactive in HF and BF.sub.3 to form carboxonium ion-containing intermediates (e.g., biphenylyloxybenzoyl halide monomers), preferably in the presence of aromaic capping agents sufficient in amount to yield polymer of mean inherent viscosity from about 0.5 to 1.7. Such polymer may be employed, e.g., for insulative coating of conductive articles such as wire and cable.

Biphenylyloxy benzoic acid and esters thereof

Melt-stable aromatic polyketones useful in, eg, electrical insulation and comprised of, eg, the recurring unit ##SPC1## Wherein m, n and x are 0 or 1 (n being 0 when x is 1) are prepared by HF/BF.sub.3 -catalyzed polymerization at 0.degree.C of appropriately chosen nucleophilic and electrophilic coreactants, preferably terephthaloyl chloride and 1,4 -diphenoxybenzene (m=1, x and n=0).

Novel polyketones

Described herein are melt-processable, solvent resistant polymers comprised of repeating units of formula ##SPC1## Having a tensile elongation to break of at least about 50% at room temperature and mean inherent viscosity within the range from about 0.8 to about 1.65. The polymers, which are suitable for high temperature resistant wire insulation, are prepared, e.g., by the hydrogen fluoride-boron trifluoride catalyzed polymerization of a p-phenoxybenzoyl moiety-containing monomer (e.g., p-phenoxybenzoyl halide, p-phenoxybenzoic acid, or C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 alkyl p-phenoxybenzoates) in the presence of a capping agent whose reactivity to acetylation is greater than about 150 relative to benzene reactivity of 1. Wet workup and spray drying techniques are described, the latter preferably including dilution of hydrogen fluoride with liquid SO.sub.2, either before or after polymerization.

Growing community of inventors

Atherton, CA, United States of America

Klaus J Dahl