Dow Global Technolgoies LLC

Kirk R Thompson

Aaron W Sanders

Michael E Mills

Todd R Bryden

Xiaohua Wang

Pierre Thomas Varineau

Kara S Weber

Jeffrey L Fenton, Jr

David J Parrillo

Xiao Wang

Gary E Mitchell

Jeff Jianhai Mu

Molly I-Chin Busby

The invention is a method of forming a cadmium sulfide based buffer on a copper chalcogenide based absorber in making a photovoltaic cell. The buffer is sputtered at relatively high pressures. The resulting cell has good efficiency and according to one embodiment is characterized by a narrow interface between the absorber and buffer layers. The buffer is further characterized according to a second embodiment by a relatively high oxygen content.

Method of manufacture of chalcogenide-based photovoltaic cells

Provided is a surfactant composition having wide pH stability. The composition is useful for various applications, including textile processing. The composition comprises: a nonionic surfactant of formula (I): R&#x2014;O&#x2014;[(CHCH(R)&#x2014;O)(CHCHO)]&#x2014;H, wherein R, R, x, y, and z are defined herein, together with an anionic surfactant.

Surfactant compositions with wide pH stability

Surfactant compositions that include one or more nonionic surfactants derived from seed oils and having a mixture of at least 8, 10 and 12 carbon atom linear alkyl moieties find use in a number of end use applications as substitutes for petroleum derived surfactants.

Alkoxylate blend surfactants

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Lake Jackson, TX, United States of America

Kirk R Thompson