Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha

Kingo Horii

Toyokazu Baika

Toshio Tanahashi

Katsuhiko Hirose

Hiroshi Noguchi

Norihiko Nakamura

Toshio Ito

Yasushi Sato

Michiaki Ujihashi

Yoshiaki Shibata

Hidemi Oonaka

Toshio Itoh

Michiaki Uzihashi

Takatoshi Masui

Hideo Nagaosa

Hidemi Onaka

Tomojiro Akiyama

In a two stroke fuel injection type internal combustion engine provided with intake and exhaust valves, a basic amount of fuel to be injected is calculated in accordance with an engine load and engine speed. Values of a factor corresponding to a ratio of air captured by an engine cylinder for combustion to the total amount of air introduced into the engine are stored in a memory in accordance with combinations of an engine load and engine speed. A value of a captured air factor corresponding to a detected combination of an engine load and speed is calculated by a map interpolation. The basic amount is corrected by the captured air factor so that a desired air-fuel ratio is obtained. The captured air factor may be further corrected in accordance with a secondary engine condition, other than an engine load and speed, such as a cooling water temperature, intake air temperature, atmospheric air temperature, atmospheric air pressure, exhaust gas temperature, or intake pressure.

Fuel injection system for an internal combustion engine

A two-cycle internal combustion engine having three, or a multiple of three, cylinders comprises a cylinder head having an intake port and exhaust port opened to a combustion chamber, to which fresh air compressed by a supercharger is introduced via an intake valve. The intake and exhaust valves are operated in response to a crank angle. A one-way valve is provided in the intake port so as to prevent air or gas from flowing back toward the supercharger. The exhaust valve is opened earlier than the intake valve when the speed of the downward movement of the piston is relatively high, so that a part of exhaust gas in the exhaust port flows back to the combustion chamber in the condition. In a heavy load condtion, cross scavenging and air charging effects due to exhaust pulsation can be achieved.

Two-cycle internal combustion engine

A two-cycle internal combustion engine comprises a cylinder head having an intake port and exhaust port opened to a combustion chamber, to which compressed fresh air is introduced via an intake valve. An inclined concavity is formed on a top face of a piston. An exhaust valve is opened earlier than the intake valve when the speed of the downward movement of the piston is relatively high, so that a part of exhaust gas in the exhaust port flows back to the combustion chamber in that condition. An exhaust gas swirl rotating around a cylinder axis is formed when the exhaust gas flows back and the fresh air is slowly introduced onto the exhaust gas swirl in that condition. The inclined concavity serves to smoothly guide the exhaust swirl.

A two-cycle internal combustion engine comprises a cylinder head having two intake ports and an exhaust port opened to a combustion chamber, to which compresses fresh air is introduced via two intake valves. The intake and exhaust valves are operated in response to a crank angle. During an idling or light load running condition, an air control valve closes the second intake port. The exhaust valve is opened earlier than the second intake valve, and the first intake valve is opened later than the second intake valve, while the speed of the downward movement of the piston is relatively high. An exhaust gas swirl rotating around a cylinder axis is formed when the exhaust gas flows back into the condition chamber and the fresh air is slowly introduced via the first intake valve onto the exhaust gas swirl in the idling or light load condition. A large amount of fuel is rapidly introduced into the combustion chamber via the second intake valve in a heavy load condition.

A two-cycle internal combustion engine comprises a cylinder head having an intake port and two exhaust ports opened to a combustion chamber, to which compressed fresh air is introduced via an intake valve. The intake valve and two exhaust valves are operated in response to a crank angle. One of the exhaust valves is opened earlier than the other exhaust valve and the intake valve when the speed of the downward movement of the piston is relatively high, such that a part of exhaust gas in the one exhaust port flows back to the combustion chamber in that condition. An exhaust gas swirl rotating around a cylinder axis is formed when the exhaust gas flows back and the fresh air is slowly introduced onto the exhaust gas swirl in that condition.

A two-cycle internal combustion engine comprises a cylinder head having an intake port and exhaust port opened to a combustion chamber, to which compressed fresh air is introduced via an intake valve. The intake and exhaust valves are operated in response to a crank angle. A pulsation pressure of exhaust gas in the exhaust port is substantially restrained during an idling or light load running condition. The exhaust valve is opened earlier than the intake valve when the speed of the downward movement of the piston is relatively high, such that a part of exhaust gas in the exhaust port flows back to the combustion chamber in that condition. An exhaust gas swirl rotating around a cylinder axis is formed when the exhaust gas flows back and the fresh air is slowly introduced onto the exhaust gas swirl in that condition.

A control device for controlling the operation of a mechanically driven supercharger in an internal combustion engine. The device comprises a first sensor means for detecting the temperature of the engine, a second sensor means for detecting racing of the engine, and a control means for causing an electromagnetic clutch arranged between the crankshaft and the supercharger to be disengaged when the temperature is below a predetermined value and the engine is racing.

Control device for controlling the operation of a supercharger in an

A by-pass control system for an internal combustion engine provided with a mechanical supercharger arranged in an intake pipe of the engine. The supercharger is connected to a crankshaft by means of a clutch operated in accordance with the engine load as well as the engine speed. A by-pass is arranged so as to by-pass the supercharger, on which by-pass a by-pass control valve is arranged. The by-pass control valve is operated in accordance with the engine speed, so that it is opened during an engine low load and high speed condition. The supercharger is located downstream of the throttle valve, while the by-pass is, on its downstream end, connected to the intake pipe downstream of the throttle valve and upstream of the supercharger.

Internal combustion engine with by-pass control system for supercharger

A bypass control system for an internal combustion engine provided with a mechanical supercharger arranged in an intake pipe of the engine. The supercharger is connected to a crankshaft by means of a clutch operated in accordance with the engine load as well as the engine speed. A by-pass is arranged so as to by-pass the supercharger, on which by-pass a by-pass control valve is arranged. The by-pass control valve is operated in accordance with the engine speed, so that it is closed during an engine high load and high speed condition. The by-pass valve is further operated in response to the condition of the clutch so that the by-pass is closed when the clutch is under the disengaged state.

A by-pass control system for an internal combustion engine provided with a mechanical supercharger arranged in an intake pipe of the engine. The supercharger is connected to a crankshaft by means of a clutch operated in accordance with the engine load as well as the engine speed. A system is provided for maintaining the clutch disengaged irrespective of the engine load and engine speed when the engine is cranking. The load applied to a starter is decreased during the cranking operating due to the positive disconnection of the supercharger from the crankshaft, so that the engine can be easily started.

Internal combustion engine provided with mechanical supercharger

In an internal combustion engine mounted on a four wheel drive (4WD) vehicle, the fuel cut-off engine speed (N.sub.c) and the fuel cut-off recovery engine speed (N.sub.R) are calculated in accordance with the coolant temperature of the engine. When the vehicle is in a 4WD mode, predetermined minimum values are set in the calculated fuel cut-off engine speed and the calculated fuel cut-off engine speed. When the throttle valve is completely closed and it is determined that the current engine speed is higher than the calculated fuel cut-off engine speed (N.sub.c) or the calculated fuel cut-off recovery engine speed (N.sub.R), which is selected in accordance with whether or not the fuel cut-off operation was being carried out, the fuel cut-off operation is carried out.

Growing community of inventors

Susono, Japan

Kingo Horii