Apple Inc.

KiBeom Kim

Rui Liu

Cheng Kai Chen

Kwang Ohk Cheon

Meng-Huan Ho

Aleksandr N Polyakov

Wendi Chang

Jun Qi

Hung Sheng Lin

Jean-Pierre Simon Guillou

Tyler Robin Kakuda

ByoungSuk Kim

Yi Huang

Yi Qiao

Ying-Chih Wang

David S Hum

Donghee Nam

Yanming Li

Nai-Chih Kao

Chun-Yao Huang

Sunggu Kang

Lei Yuan

Jungmin Lee

Enkhamgalan Dorjgotov

Graham Butler Myhre

Andrew C Lin

James E Pedder

Steven E Molesa

Lun Tsai

Ivan Knez

Giovanni Carbone

Cheuk Chi Lo

Chun-Ming Tang

Michael Slootsky

Jaein Choi

Hitoshi Yamamoto

Gloria Wong

Hairong Tang

Takahide Ishii

Chih-Lei Chen

Yurii Morozov

Chuan-Jung Lin

Chien Lu

Chin Wei Hsu

Hui Lu

Pei-Ling Lin

Shan-Jen Yu

Yusuke Fujino

EnkhAmgalan Dorjgotov

Andrew H Lin

Chen-Yue Li

Cheng Chen

Rni Liu

An organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display may have an array of organic light-emitting diode pixels that each have OLED layers interposed between a cathode and an anode. Voltage may be applied to the anode of each pixel to control the magnitude of emitted light. The conductivity of the OLED layers may allow leakage current to pass between neighboring anodes in the display. To reduce leakage current and the accompanying cross-talk in a display, the pixel definition layer may disrupt continuity of the OLED layers. The pixel definition layer may have a steep sidewall, a sidewall with an undercut, or a sidewall surface with a plurality of curves to disrupt continuity of the OLED layers. A control gate that is coupled to a bias voltage and covered by gate dielectric may be used to form an organic thin-film transistor that shuts the leakage current channel between adjacent anodes on the display.

Organic light-emitting diode display with reduced lateral leakage

A display may have an array of organic light-emitting diode (OLED) pixels that each have OLED layers interposed between a cathode and an anode. Voltage may be applied to the anode of each pixel to control the magnitude of emitted light. The conductivity of the OLED layers may allow leakage current to pass between neighboring anodes in the display. To reduce leakage current and cross-talk, the thickness of at least one of the OLED layers may be reduced. To maintain the optical cavity of the pixels, transparent optical spacer structures may be inserted. Alternatively, the thickness of the anodes can be increased. To accommodate a common prime layer within the OLED layers, the optical spacers or anodes may be separately patterned to have different thicknesses. Grating structures and photonic crystal structures may be embedded as part of the optical spacers to help control emission at selected viewing angles.

Organic light-emitting diode display with structured electrode

Display structures for controlling viewing angle color shift are described. In various embodiments, polarization sensitive diffusers, independent controlled cathode thicknesses, filtermasks, touch detection layers, and color filters are described.

Viewing angle color shift control

An electronic device may have a display such as an organic light-emitting diode display. The display may have an active area formed from an array of pixels with light-emitting diodes. The light-emitting diodes may be formed from an organic layer containing emissive material between an anode layer and a cathode layer. Apertures may be formed in the active area of the display. The apertures may allow light to pass to light-sensitive components under the display. A polarizer may overlap the display and may have a bleached area that forms part of a camera aperture. Light may pass through the camera aperture to a camera under the display. The display may have an array of apertures that allow light to pass to a light-sensitive fingerprint sensor under the display.

Electronic device with display apertures

Display structures for controlling viewing angle color shift are described. In various embodiments, polarization sensitive diffusers, independent controlled cathode thicknesses, filtermasks, and color filters are described.

A display may have an array of pixels formed from organic light-emitting diodes and thin-film transistor circuitry. Each pixel may include organic layers interposed between an anode and a cathode. The organic layers may emit out-coupled light that escapes the display and waveguided light that is waveguided within the organic layers. A reflector may be placed at the edge of the organic layers to reflect the waveguided light out of the display. The reflector may be located within a pixel definition layer and may be formed from metal or may be formed from one or more interfaces between high-refractive-index material and low-refractive-index material. The reflector may be formed from an extended portion of the pixel anode. The reflector may be formed from light-reflecting particles that are suspended in the pixel definition layer.

Organic light-emitting diode displays with reflectors

An organic light-emitting diode may have transparent electrodes. An organic emissive layer may be interposed between the electrodes. The emissive layer may emit light in response to current injected from the electrodes. The organic light-emitting diode electrodes may cover an electrode area. The electrode area may be square or may have other shapes. To enhance brightness uniformity, portions of the electrodes in a peripheral region (H, H) of the electrode area may have higher sheet resistances than a central portion of the electrode area. The electrode area may be square and may have four corners. The higher sheet resistances may be associated with regions of the electrode area adjacent to the corners. Elevated sheet resistances may be produced by forming the electrodes with different thicknesses in different areas or by providing supplemental conductive structures () in selected areas of the electrode area.

Light-emitting device having an electrode with varying sheet resistance

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Cupertino, CA, United States of America

KiBeom Kim