Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.

Hanmi Pharm. Co., Ltd.

Ki-eun Kim

Soo-suk Lee

Sung-ouk Jung

Soo-hyung Choi

Jung-Im Han

Joon-shik Park

Dong-Suk Shin

Kak Namkoong

Chang-eun Yoo

Gwan-Sun Lee

Jun-Hong Min

Pan-Kwi Park

Hyun-Kwan Yu

Kyung-hee Park

Ji-young Oh

Yeon-Su Lee

Kyusang Lee

Kwang-ho Cheong

Jae-Heup Kim

Young-rok Kim

Ki-woong Han

Jung-joo Hwang

Hoe-Chul Lee

Kum-Sin Jung

Cheol-Kyeung Kim

Han-Kyeng Kim

Maeng-Sup Kim

Young-Jin Ham

Hee-Seock Kim

Kwang-Ok Lee

A method of manufacturing a semiconductor device includes providing a substrate having a gate structure, a source region, and a drain region formed thereon, and the gate structure includes a gate insulating layer and a gate electrode. The method also includes forming a first stress layer on the substrate, removing the first stress layer, and forming a second stress layer on the substrate.

Method of manufacturing semiconductor device

Provided are a method and apparatus for analyzing genotype data plotted in a two-dimensional space. The method includes: connecting points representing the genotype data to a predetermined point to form straight lines and obtaining angles between adjacent straight lines; extracting the two largest angles from the obtained angles; and analyzing the plotted genotype data using three groups of the genotype data separated by the two extracted largest angles. According to the present invention, when the experimental results of classifying genotype are to be analyzed, the two largest angles from the angles obtained by connecting straight lines between points representing each of the genotype data and a predetermined point plotted in a two-dimensional space are detected, and three data regions separated by the detected two largest angles are used to analyze the genotype data. Thus, a large amount of the experimental data for classifying the genotype can be analyzed rapidly and conveniently.

Method and apparatus for analyzing genotype data

A method of positively detecting toxic materials within a sample, the method including contacting sub-mitochondrial particles having competent mitochondrial enzymes formed from inner membranes of mitochondria, an electron donor which transmits electrons to an electron transfer system of the sub-mitochondrial particles and the sample, and forming reaction resultants, adjusting a pH of a pH indicator which change color according to a change in pH, adding the pH indicators to each reaction resultant and identifying color changes of the pH indicator. Also provided is a kit for positively detecting toxic materials within a sample.

Kit for positively detecting toxic material

Disclosed herein is a method of positively detecting toxic materials within a sample, the method including contacting sub-mitochondrial particles with an electron donor. The electron donor is reacted with an electron transfer system of the sub-mitochondrial particles to produce a reactant. A pH indicator has its pH adjusted to be in a range of 9 to 11. The pH indicator is added to each reactant. Color changes in the pH indicator permit the detection of toxins present in the sample.

Method for positively detecting toxic material

Provided are a method and apparatus for determining specificity of a candidate probe.

Method and apparatus for determining specificity of a candidate probe

An apparatus introducing a fluid using a centrifugal force includes an introduction member including a chip receiver and a fluid introduction reservoir, the chip receiver receiving a first part of a microfluidic chip, the first part including an inlet, the fluid introduction reservoir storing a fluid to be introduced to the microfluidic chip, the fluid introduction reservoir having an exit formed to correspond to the inlet of the microfluidic chip received in the chip receiver, and a support member supporting a second part of the microfluidic chip, wherein the microfluidic chip is disposed between the introduction member and the support member, the apparatus is rotatable in a state where the introduction member is closer to a center of rotation than the microfluidic chip, and the fluid is introducible from the fluid introduction reservoir through the inlet into the microfluidic chip due to a centrifugal force generated by rotation.

Apparatus for introducing fluid into microfluidic chip by using centrifugal force, a system including the apparatus, and a method of using the apparatus

Pure -1,2,3,9-tetrahydro-9-methyl-3-&lsqb;(2-methyl-1H-imidazol-1-yl)methyl&rsqb;-4H-carbazol-4-one or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is prepared in a high yield by a simple process which reacts 1,2,3,9-tetrahydro-9-methyl-4H-carbazol-4-one with a 2-methylimidazole derivative in an organic solvent or in a mixture of an organic solvent and water in the presence of a halosilane compound.

Process for the preparation of 1,2,3,9-tetrahydro-9-methyl-3-&lcub;(2-methyl-1H-imidazol-1-yl)methyl&rcub;-4H-carbazol-4-one

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Seoul, South Korea

Ki-eun Kim