Saudi Arabian Oil Company

King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals

Integrity Insitu

Khalid Mohammed Alruwaili

Murtadha J AlTammar

Md Amanullah

Mohamed Nabil Noui-Mehidi

Yanhui Han

Misfer J Almarri

Murtada Saleh Aljawad

Yevgeniy Samarkin

Feng Liang

Ayman Mohammed Almohsin

Mohammed Abdullah Bataweel

Weichang Li

Dung T Phan

Abeer Ateeq Alarawi

Ahmed M Gomaa

Waheed Syed Arshad

Khaqan Khan

Theis Solling

Mirajuddin Riazuddin Khan

Ammar AlQatari

Khalid R Alnoaimi

Osman Hamid

Abduljamiu Olalekan Amao

Cory Fehr

Rima Taqi AlFaraj

Otto Meza

Aijaz Ali Shaikh

Murtadha J Al-tammar

Mustafa Hassan Alaliwat

Ghaithan A Muntasheri

Methods and systems for hybrid frac completion include installing a hybrid completion system in a well and, in each zone of a first plurality of zones for plug & perf completion: activating an outer shroud of expanding shape memory polymer (SMP) around a liner, and perforating, using a perforation gun, a borehole wall. The methods further include, in each zone of the second plurality of zones for sliding sleeve completion: activating an SMP packer, and activating a sliding sleeve to expose the borehole wall. The methods further include fracturing the borehole wall by pressurizing the well; sealing, between each zone in the first and second plurality of zones, by actuating a plurality of isolation valves disposed in each zone of the first plurality of zones and each zone of the second plurality of zones; and removing the plurality of isolation valves to produce the well.

Hybrid frac completion

A method for developing a procedure for pretreating a section of a wellbore prior to hydraulic fracturing stimulation of the section of the wellbore includes determining an optimized notch geometry and determining an optimized chemical treatment for the section of the wellbore. The optimized notch geometry is determined by modeling a notch in the section of the wellbore using a computing system, simulating a pressure increase in the section of the wellbore and on the notch from a hydraulic fracturing stimulation, identifying breakdown pressure in the section of the wellbore, and repeating the modeling, simulating, and identifying to determine the optimized notch geometry in the wellbore as the notch having a lowest breakdown pressure. The optimized chemical treatment is determined by determining a rock type in the section of the wellbore and determining a conditioning fluid that reduces the tensile strength of the rock type.

Workflow for optimizing engineering procedure to reduce borehole breakdown pressure by combination of oriented notching/perforation and fluid chemical conditioning process in open and cased hole

A method involves obtaining a current production rate, obtaining a current wellhead pressure, computing a current smoothed production rate from the current production rate, computing a current smoothed wellhead pressure from the current wellhead pressure, predicting based on the current smoothed production rate, the current smoothed wellhead pressure, and the current surface choke size, a future smoothed production rate and a future smoothed wellhead pressure, computing a change of the future vs the current smoothed production rate, and computing a change of the future vs the current smoothed wellhead pressure. The method further involves comparing the change of the future vs the current smoothed production rate against a first pre-specified threshold production rate derivative, comparing the change of the future vs the current smoothed wellhead pressure against a first pre-specified threshold wellhead pressure derivative, and based on an outcome of the comparison, determining whether future sanding is detected.

Method and system for detecting and predicting sanding and sand screen deformation

A method of increasing hydrocarbon recovery from a wellbore penetrating a tight hydrocarbon formation is disclosed. The method involves inserting a hydro-jetting tool into the wellbore; jetting a thermally controlled fluid against the wall of the wellbore to create a cavity in the wall, using the hydro-jetting tool; injecting, using the hydro-jetting tool, a further amount of the thermally controlled fluid into the wellbore such that the pressure in the wellbore increases, wherein the increased pressure creates a fracture from the cavity, wherein injecting the further amount of the thermally controlled fluid cools the tight hydrocarbon formation surrounding the cavity by circulating the thermally controlled fluid within the cavity; withdrawing the hydro-jetting tool from the wellbore; and recovering the thermally controlled fluid and the hydrocarbons escaped from the fracture in the formation.

Method of increasing hydrocarbon recovery from a wellbore penetrating a tight hydrocarbon formation by a hydro-jetting tool that jets a thermally controlled fluid

A method for improving oil and gas well productivity includes introducing a lubricating agent into a microfracture in a subterranean formation, coating at least a portion of a first surface and a second surface of the microfracture with the lubricating agent to produce a coated microfracture; and, providing a sufficient time for the coated microfracture to close. The introducing, the coating and the providing cause the first surface and the second surface of the coated microfracture to misalign after the closure of the coated microfracture and an opening to form between the first surface and the second surface. An encapsulated lubricating agent includes 30 to 50 wt % of a lubricating agent, and 50 to 70 wt % of an encapsulant encapsulating at least a portion of the lubricating agent.

Method for improving oil and gas well productivity and encapsulated lubricating frac fluid additive by lubrication of stimulated reservoir volume

In some examples, a system can include a computer-readable medium storing computer-executable instructions and one or more processors communicatively coupled to a computer-readable medium storing computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by the one or more processors cause the one or processors to receive data of a fracking stage, determine a penetration gradient of the fracking stage based on the data, and classify the fracking stage based on the penetration gradient.

Systems and methods for determining rock strengths

Carbonates, such as chalk and limestone, are rather soft minerals and may lose at least some mechanical integrity after undergoing stimulation. For instance, carbonate minerals may experience proppant embedment or asperity weakening after fracturing or matrix acidizing. Methods for hardening a carbonate mineral may comprise: introducing an aqueous carrier fluid comprising an ammonium phosphate salt into a subterranean formation comprising a carbonate mineral, and interacting the carbonate mineral with the ammonium phosphate salt to convert at least a portion of the carbonate mineral into a hydroxyapatite mineral. The subterranean formation may exhibit an increased hardness after forming the hydroxyapatite mineral. The ammonium phosphate salt may be diammonium hydrogen phosphate in some examples.

Methods for increasing the hardness of subterranean formations

Methods and systems for perforating a downhole formation which include attaching a COperforating device to a wireline, where the COperforating device may include one or more COfilled perforating units. The methods and systems may further include disposing the COperforating device at a depth within a wellbore and detonating the one or more COfilled perforating units to perforate one or more surfaces selected from the group consisting of the wellbore casing, cement, and the downhole formation.

Non-explosive CO-based perforation tool for oil and gas downhole operations

Methods and systems for quantifying and minimizing wellbore breakouts are disclosed. The methods include obtaining a mechanical earth model (MEM), determining a critical collapse pressure (CCP) using an inclination angle and the MEM, and determining an initial mud weight based on the CCP. The methods also include generating a breakout analysis using the initial mud weight, the MEM and a numerical modeling algorithm, updating the inclination angle of the planned wellbore, updating the CCP based on the updated inclination angle and the MEM, and updating the breakout analysis using the initial mud weight, the updated CCP, the MEM, and the numerical modeling algorithm. The methods further include selecting the updated CCP based, on the updated inclination angle that meets the stopping condition, calculating a final mud weight for the planned wellbore based on the updated CCP, and conditioning a drilling mud to the final mud weight, using a mud system.

Quantification and minimization of wellbore breakouts in underbalanced drilling

The shear head device includes a monitoring head having geophones and transmitters inside a cylindrical body. A shear head is coupled to the monitoring head from below. The shear head has a tubular structure with a plurality of apertures formed around an outer surface of the tubular structure. A plurality of cones are coupled with modified tips and disposed within the plurality of apertures. A sheet supports the plurality of cones inside the shear head. The sheet is selectively movable between a first radial position and a second radial position for the modified tips to apply radial force to the rock by adjustment of an internal pressure of the shear head. The transmitters transmit the recorded acoustic emission to a computing system for determining properties of the rock while the shear head device is testing the rock in the bore.

Shear head device

A method for reducing breakdown pressure at a formation includes detecting a tight reservoir formation in a well and providing hydraulic fracturing equipment assembled together as a hydraulic fracturing system at a surface of the well. The hydraulic fracturing system includes a fluid source containing a base fluid and fluidly connected to a blender and a pump and manifold system fluidly connecting an outlet of the blender to a wellhead of the well. The method further includes connecting a cooling system to the hydraulic fracturing system, using the cooling system to cool the base fluid to a cooled base temperature upstream of the pump and manifold system, pumping the cooled base fluid down the well to the tight reservoir formation, and using the cooled base fluid to lower a temperature of the tight reservoir formation and reduce a breakdown pressure of the tight reservoir formation.

Cooling methodology to improve hydraulic fracturing efficiency and reduce breakdown pressure

A computer-implemented method may include obtaining well logs data pertaining to a well of interest. The method may further include training a physics-constrained machine learning (PCML) model using the obtained well logs data as inputs. The method may further include outputting one or more sonic logs and mechanical properties of interest determined by using the trained PCML model and the obtained well logs data for the well of interest. The method may further include updating the determined sonic logs and mechanical properties of interest based on a breakout model and field breakout data for the well of interest. The method may further include outputting the final sonic logs for the well of interest. The method may further include determining one or more mechanical properties for well planning based on the final sonic logs for the well of interest.

Method and system for correcting and predicting sonic well logs using physics-constrained machine learning

A method of treating a carbonate formation includes introducing a stimulation fluid into the carbonate formation at a pressure greater than a fracture pressure of the formation and creating openings in the carbonate formation via the stimulation fluid. Then, a fluoride salt solution, optionally including a proppant, may be introduced into the carbonate formation such that it at least partially penetrates into the openings. The fluoride salt may then be reacted with a carbonate surface in the carbonate formation to form fluorite on a surface of the formation thereby increasing a hardness of the carbonate formation.

Long-term hydraulic fracture conductivity through rock strengthening via the formation of fluorite

A wellbore stimulation operation method includes conveying a downhole assembly into a wellbore. The downhole assembly includes one or more perforating guns and a pressure wave resonator. The perforating guns are axially aligned with a production zone and fired to create a plurality of perforations in the production zone. The pressure wave resonator is axially aligned with the perforations and actuated to emit pressure waves that propagate radially outward and into the production zone. The pressure waves help remove debris from the perforations.

Use of pressure wave resonators in downhole operations

A method includes preparing a rocklike core sample for compressive testing, the rocklike core sample defining a longitudinal axis and having first and second axial ends. Preparing the rocklike core sample includes providing a throughhole in the rocklike core sample, the throughhole extending between a first opening at the first axial end and a second opening at the second axial end, wherein the first opening and the second opening are dimensioned differently. The rocklike core sample is mounted in a compressive testing apparatus, and a compressive test is performed on the rocklike core sample in the compressive testing apparatus. The compressive test includes compression in axial and radial directions. A related system includes a compressive testing apparatus and a sample preparation apparatus which prepares a rocklike core sample for compressive testing in the compressive testing apparatus, via providing a throughhole in the rocklike core sample.

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Dhahran, Saudi Arabia

Khalid Mohammed Alruwaili