International Business Machines Corporation

Other

Kha D Nguyen

Marco M Hurtado

Kenneth Louis Milsted

John J Cazzolla

Luke L Chang

Jose L Rivero

Richard S Crouse

Jose J Ruiz

Louis Salcedo

Paripon Singkornrat

Francis Fado

Qing Gong

Craig N Kindell

James T Tsevdos

Werayuth T Charoenruengkit

Glen E Hamblin

John Dorak

Don E Basnett, Jr

Donald J Watzel

A method of managing keys is provided. According to one exemplary method, digital content data encrypted with a first encrypting key is decrypted using a first decrypting key, and re-encrypted using a second encrypting key. A second decrypting key is encrypted using a third encrypting key to produce an encrypted second decrypting key. In some embodiments, an encrypted first decrypting key that was encrypted using a fourth encrypting key is received, and the encrypted first decrypting key is decrypted using a fourth decrypting key to reproduce the first decrypting key. An application for use on a computer system is also provided.

Watermarking system that executes received watermarking instructions to embed a watermark

The present invention records a loudness-level-reference segment of audio when creating speech audio files and audio files including background sounds. The speech audio files can then be combined with the background sound containing audio files in any desirable combination. When combining the files, the relative audio level of the files is matched, by matching the loudness-level-reference segments with each other. Any of a variety of known digital signal processing techniques can be used to normalize the component audio files. The combined audio files containing speech and background sounds (e.g. ambient noise) having matching relative audio levels can be used to test and/or train a speech recognition engine or a speech processing system.

Using a loudness-level-reference segment of audio to normalize relative audio levels among different audio files when combining content of the audio files

The present invention provides a system, computer program product and a method for overlapping boundary data of an audio information track which includes ending data from a previous track and starting data from a succeeding track. By doing this, the ending data from a previous track and the beginning data from a succeeding track are available for the compression process. The compression program then manipulates the additional appended data in order to generate the compressed audio. Later, by severing the overlapping appended additional information before recombining the tracks, the resulting No-Pause CD audio stream is free from distortion and mismatch.

Split and joint compressed audio with minimum mismatching and distortion

A method of automatically selecting processing parameters for encoding digital content. Metadata containing the genre of the digital content, receiving the compression level selected for encoding the digital content is received. An algorithm selected for encoding the digital content is received. And a previously defined table to select the processing parameters for encoding the digital content based on the genre of the content, the compression level selected and the algorithm selected is indexed and the processing parameters are retrieved. In accordance with another aspect of the invention, an apparatus is described to carry out the above method

Method and apparatus to create encoded digital content

A computer system includes a central processing unit (CPU) for providing computer output signals; a non-computational base transceiver coupled with the CPU. The base transceiver comprises an interface for communicating with the CPU; a modulator for receiving computer output signals and providing modulated signals representing said computer output signals; and a transmitter for receiving said modulated signals, and transmitting said modulated signals via wireless media; and a non-computational remote transceiver comprising: a receiver for receiving signals via wireless media; a transmitter for transmitting signals via wireless media.

Wireless transceivers for remotely controlling a computer

A game programming system uses rewritable cartridges that are compatible with commercially available game systems to produce game cartridges at a point-of-sale location so that retailers only need to stock sufficient uniquely designed game blanks to meet consumer demand. A game programmer or programming device loads digital content from computer storage to a rewritable game cartridge incorporating reprogrammable flash memory. The system includes flash rewritable cartridge identification hardware that allows verification of the cartridge to identify it as proprietary to a particular manufacturer or authorized dealer. The system provides for game content to be erased from the cartridge and new game content to be programmed so that the cartridge can be reused time after time to house any number of programs. During a cartridge write operation, a game programmer interface accepts data stored in a personal computer (PC) and fills first in first out (FIFO) memory. A sequencer generates addresses, proper commands, control signals, and timing signals, and sends the game content from the FIFO memory to the game programmer which passes the information to the reprogrammable game cartridge. The sequencer enables the game programming system to write data to the reprogrammable game cartridge very rapidly. The game programmer provides an interface between the game program storage and reprogrammable game cartridge. The programmer may include multiple slots or sockets and accommodate cartridges from different manufacturers with different game formats.

Game programming flash memory cartridge system including a programmer

A boundary scan system for a data processing system using serial scan techniques for diagnostics comprises gated circuitry for each adapter card slot for controlling the propagation of controller generated diagnostic signals throughout the data processing system and the components included on the system's planar and each adapter card present, adapted to serially scan all present adapter cards and to provide electrical conduit to the next serially connected component in the absence of a card at an adapter slot.

Data processing system with modified planar for boundary scan diagnostics

A system and method is provided for dequeuing connection requests in a data communications system comprising a calling subsystem and a called subsystem connected by a serial simplex switch. The connection requests are made by the calling subsystem to the called subsystem by sending a connect request message to the switch and queuing the connect request message in a buffer therein. The switch establishes a connection between the calling subsystem and the called subsystem by thereafter queuing the connect request message in a buffer in the called subsystem. Concurrently, the switch sends a connect request acknowledge message to the calling subsystem while the calling subsystem sends a connect request dequeue message to the switch. To prevent loss of synchronization between the calling subsystem and the switch, the connect request dequeue message received by the switch is interpreted as a disconnect request message and the connect request acknowledge message received by the calling subsystem is interpreted as a connect request dequeue acknowledge message. The connect request dequeue message and the disconnect request message are identically serially encoded, as are the connect request acknowledge message and the connect request dequeue acknowledge message, to enable such interpretation.

Method and system for dequeuing connection requests in a simplex switch

A sequencing scheme is provided for prioritizing bus operations occurring in simplex switches which interconnect subsystems in a data communications system, thereby yielding improved aggregate system data throughput. The sequencing scheme provides procedures which simultaneously accommodate (i) concurrently pending requests to a first control bus which processes only circuit switched operations and (ii) concurrently pending requests to a second control bus which processes only packet switched operations, in an order which optimizes link level control message throughput of the simplex switch. The control messages which are coordinated by the sequencing scheme include connect and disconnect requests, connect and disconnect request acknowledgments, and data acknowledgments. All connect request and disconnect requests are managed by a connection processing (CP) bus, which operates as a circuit switching bus, and all data acknowledgments and connect request acknowledgments from subsystems attached to a cascaded switch are made over an out-of-band (OB) bus, which operates as a packet switching bus. Because connect and disconnect operations over the CP bus can proceed independently of acknowledgment operations over the OB bus, the sequencing procedures for each of the control buses are permitted to operate independently and simultaneously.

Method of sequencing bus operations in a simplex switch

A serial simplex switch design is provided which includes I/O ports each of which is configurable specifically for attachment to a data communications subsystem or, alternatively, for cascaded connection to a similarly configured I/O port on another switch. The switch provides a packet routing function including input and output buffers for each of its I/O ports wherein packets of control messages sent by one subsystem are temporarily stored prior to being delivered to the appropriate destination subsystem. When configured to be directly attached to a subsystem, the I/O ports separate control messages from incoming integrated data and control message strings. In a cascade configuration, however, a mechanism is provided wherein data and control messages are separated into two physical paths to eliminate the delays associated with integrated data and control message flow through the cascaded I/O port. Each I/O port is configurable to either of these methods of operation by means of programmable latches associated with the I/O port.

High performance cascadable simplex switch

A cable for the transmission of audio frequency currents with reduced distortion has at least one pair of electrical conductors insulated from one another. A ferromagnetic foil is closely (less than one half millimeter) applied to the conductors. The ferromagnetic foil couples the equal and opposite external magnetic fields generated by the signal currents. This greatly reduces distortion due to the frequency-dependent magnetic effects on signal transmission.

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Boca Raton, FL, United States of America

Kha D Nguyen