Hewlett-packard Development Company, L.p.

Hewlett-packard Company

E.i. Dupont De Nemours and Company

Keshava A Prasad

Ali Emamjomeh

George Sarkisian

Alexey S Kabalnov

John L Stoffel, Jr

Ronald Albert Askeland

Mark S Hickman

Yi-Hua Tsao

Shirley Lee

Winthrop D Childers

Steven L Webb

Zeying Ma

Stephen G Rudisill

David Herbert Donovan

Xiaohe Chen

Glenn Thomas Haddick

John M Gardner

Michael A Novick

Mark H Kowalski

Gary W Byers

Fereshteh Khorrami

Amiya K Chatterjee

Leonard Slevin

Ervin Mubarekyan

Sivapackia Ganapathiappan

Krzysztof Nauka

Brian J Keefe

Steven Warren Steinfield

Clayton L Holstun

Stephen William Bauer

Kenneth J Courian

Dennis Z Guo

David M Schut

Paul David Gast

Peter C Morris

Jules G Moritz

Anne M Kelly-Rowley

Bernardo A Gutierrez

Richard B Anderson

Brooke E Smith

Frank Drogo

Michele E Shepard

Michel Anthony Riou

Richard A Sader

George M Sarkisian

Richard N Anderson

Hou Tee Ng

Vladek P Kasperchik

Lihua Zhao

William James Allen

John R Moffatt

Howard S Tom

Tienteh Chen

Gregg A Lane

Christopher Sean Tanner

Yan Zhao

Howard Matrick

Dennis P Parazak

Erica Montei Fung

Yi Feng

Loren E Johnson

George C Ross

Jake Wright

Mark L Choy

Grant Allen Webster

Christian Schmid

Elizabeth Ann Visnyak

Lance B Cleveland

Loretta Ann Grezzo Page

Andre Garcia

Steven D Looman

Catherine B Hunt

Milan Bohuslav Bednarek

Corrina A Hall

Kenneth Hickey

Hua Tan

Jeffrey H Barr

Savka Ilieva Stoeva

Tayo Olu Yolemi

Niamh Kelly

Kevin Rattigan

Claire Harley

Pradeep Kumar Koyadan Kizhakkedath

John Morrow Gardner

Tze Hwei Tseeng

John T Rich

Heng Siong Low

Robert B McMaster

Yu-Hua Tsao

Jennifer Tseeng

The present disclosure is drawn to material sets and 3-dimensional printing systems that include a fusing agent. One example of a material set can include a fusing agent and a detailing agent. The fusing agent can include water, a carbon black pigment, and a water-soluble co-solvent in an amount from 20 wt % to 60 wt %. The detailing agent can include water and a black dye. In another example, a material set can include a fusing agent and a thermoplastic polymer powder.

Material sets

A coalescing agent for three-dimensional (3D) printing includes a co-solvent, a surfactant having a hydrophilic lipophilic balance (HLB) value that is less than 10, a carbon black pigment, a polymeric dispersant, and a balance of water. The co-solvent is present in an amount ranging from about 15 wt % to about 30 wt % of a total wt % of the coalescing agent. The surfactant is present in an amount ranging from about 0.5 wt % to about 1.4 wt % of the total wt % of the coalescing agent. The carbon black pigment is present in an amount ranging from about 3.0 wt % to about 6.0 wt % of the total wt % of the coalescing agent. The polymeric dispersant has a weight average molecular weight ranging from about 12,000 to about 20,000.

Coalescing agent for three-dimensional (3D) printing

In a three-dimensional printing method example, a polymeric or polymeric composite build material is applied. A fusing agent is applied on at least a portion of the build material. The fusing agent includes an aqueous or non-aqueous vehicle and a plasmonic resonance absorber having absorption at wavelengths ranging from 800 nm to 4000 nm and having transparency at wavelengths ranging from 400 nm to 780 nm dispersed in the aqueous or non-aqueous vehicle. The build material is exposed to electromagnetic radiation, thereby fusing the portion of the build material in contact with the fusing agent to form a layer.

Three-dimensional (3D) printing

The present disclosure is drawn to coalescent inks and material sets for 3D printing. The coalescent ink can include a water-soluble near-infrared dye having a peak absorption wavelength from 800 nm to 1400 nm. The coalescent ink can also contain water.

3-dimensional printing

A coalescing agent for three-dimensional (3D) printing includes a co-solvent, a surfactant having a hydrophilic lipophilic balance (HLB) value that is less than 10, a carbon black pigment, a polymeric dispersant, and a balance of water. The cosolvent is present in an amount ranging from about 15 wt % to about 30 wt % of a total wt % of the coalescing agent. The surfactant is present in an amount ranging from about 0.5 wt % to about 1.4 wt % of the total wt % of the coalescing agent. The carbon black pigment is present in an amount ranging from about 3.0 wt % to about 6.0 wt % of the total wt % of the coalescing agent. The polymeric dispersant has a weight average molecular weight ranging from about 12,000 to about 20,000.

A three-dimensional (3D) printing method includes applying a build material, including: a plurality of first reactive particles; a plurality of second reactive particles, the first and second reactive particles to react with each other upon contact there with; and a coating on i) the plurality of first reactive particles; or ii) the plurality of second reactive particles; or iii) both i) and ii). The coating is to isolate the plurality of first reactive from the plurality of second reactive particles. A fluid is selectively applied on a portion of the build material, the fluid disrupting the coating on the portion of the build material to render the first and second reactive particles in the portion of the build material in contact with each other. The contact initiates mutual reacting and fusing between the first and second reactive particles.

In a computational modeling method for identifying how to apply a modifying agent during a three-dimensional (3D) printing method, a thermal diffusion model of a layer of a 3D object to be formed from a portion of a sinterable material using the 3D printing method is created. The thermal diffusion model is created by a computer running computer readable instructions stored on a non-transitory, tangible computer readable storage medium. A quantity of the modifying agent to be selectively applied is calculated, by the computer, based upon the thermal diffusion model.

Computational model and three-dimensional (3D) printing methods

The present disclosure relates to magenta inkjet inks having a quinacridone pigment and an azo pigment. The azo pigment has at least one azo compound having the formula (I), in which Ris selected from H, aryl and Cto Calkyl, and R, Rand Rare each independently selected from H, a Cto Calkyl, an oxygen-containing, a nitrogen-containing and a sulphur-containing functional group. Where Ris aryl, the aryl is not a phenyl group having at least one hydrogen atom that has been substituted with a chlorine atom. 

Magenta inks

A detailing agent for three-dimensional (3D) printing includes a colorant present in an amount ranging from about 1.00 wt % to about 3.00 wt % based on a total weight of the detailing agent. The colorant is a dye having substantially no absorbance in a range of 650 nm to 2500 nm. The detailing agent also includes a co-solvent, a surfactant, and a balance of water.

Detailing agent for three-dimensional (3D) printing

A three-dimensional (3D) printing system includes a fabrication bed, a build material to be introduced into the fabrication bed, an inkjet applicator, a coalescing agent to be selectively introduced by the inkjet applicator onto the build material in the fabrication bed, and a radiation source to expose the coalescing agent and the build material in the fabrication bed to electromagnetic radiation. The coalescing agent includes a co-solvent having a boiling point of less than 300 C, a surfactant having a hydrophilic lipophilic balance (HLB) value that is less than 10, a carbon black pigment, a polymeric dispersant, and a balance of water.

Three-dimensional (3D) printing system

An example of a pre-treatment fixing fluid for an offset coated medium includes calcium propionate, calcium pantothenate, tetraethylene glycol, a surfactant having an HLB less than 10, an acid, and a balance of water. The calcium propionate is present in an amount ranging from greater than 4.5 wt % to 8.0 wt %, the calcium pantothenate is present in an amount ranging from about 2.0 wt % to equal to or less than 15 wt %, and the surfactant is present in an amount ranging from about 0.01 wt % to about 1.0 wt %, each based on the total wt % of the pre-treatment fixing fluid. The acid is present in an amount sufficient to render the pH from about 4.0 to about 7.0.

Pre-treatment fixing fluid for an offset coated medium

A thermal inkjet ink set includes a pre-treatment fixing fluid, an ink, and a post-treatment fluid. The pre-treatment fixing fluid includes a metal salt. The ink includes an ink vehicle and a colorant. The post-treatment fluid includes a fluid vehicle and an anionic polyurethane acrylic hybrid polymer binder dispersed in the fluid vehicle. The anionic polyurethane acrylic hybrid polymer binder is present in an amount ranging from greater than 0 wt % to about 25 wt %. The anionic polyurethane acrylic hybrid polymer binder includes an acrylic polymer or copolymer, and an anionic polyurethane polymer encapsulating the acrylic polymer or copolymer.

Thermal inkjet ink set

The present disclosure is drawn to ink-jet ink sets, as well as related systems and methods. In one example, an ink set for ink-jet printing can comprise a cyan ink-jet ink including from about 2 wt % to about 5 wt % of a cyan pigment admixed in a first ink vehicle; a magenta ink-jet ink including a magenta colorant comprising from about 2 wt % to about 5 wt % of a magenta pigment and about 0.1 wt % to about 1 wt % of a slightly soluble magenta dye admixed in a second ink vehicle; and a yellow ink-jet ink including from about 2 wt % to about 5 wt % of a yellow pigment admixed in a third ink vehicle.

Ink sets for ink-jet printing

An ink composition is disclosed herein. The ink composition includes from about 5 wt % to about 25 wt % of a co-solvent; from about 0.025 wt % to about 0.2 wt % of i) a chelating agent represented by formula 1, wherein R' is a carboxylic acid functional group or a carboxylate salt functional group and n&#x3e;2; ii) a chelating agent represented by formula 2:, wherein R is a carboxylic acid functional group or a carboxylate salt functional group, m is greater than or equal to 1, x is greater than or equal to 2, y is greater than or equal to 1, and z is greater than or equal to 2; iii) a chelating agent represented by formula 3, wherein any of r, s, t, or u is a sulfonic acid functional group or a sulfonate functional group; or iv) combinations of any of i, ii, and iii. The ink composition also includes a balance of water.

Ink composition

Growing community of inventors

San Marcos, CA, United States of America

Keshava A Prasad